mlsanityData to 7 Oct 2026

Beam Prediction based on Large Language Models

arXiv 2408.08707 ↗First posted 16 Aug 2024cs.LG cs.AIcited by 20

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Abstract (arXiv)

In this letter, we use large language models (LLMs) to develop a high-performing and robust beam prediction method. We formulate the millimeter wave (mmWave) beam prediction problem as a time series forecasting task, where the historical observations are aggregated through cross-variable attention and then transformed into text-based representations using a trainable tokenizer. By leveraging the prompt-as-prefix (PaP) technique for contextual enrichment, our method harnesses the power of LLMs to predict future optimal beams. Simulation results demonstrate that our LLM-based approach outperforms traditional learning-based models in prediction accuracy as well as robustness, highlighting the significant potential of LLMs in enhancing wireless communication systems.

Key facts. Cited by 20 papers in the map (data through 7 Oct 2026). Builds on 7 of its 14 references that are in the map. First posted on arXiv 16 Aug 2024.

Builds on

7 of 14 references.

References · 7

  1. 2023Llama 2: Open Foundation and Fine-Tuned Chat Modelscited by 12,865
  2. 2023Time-LLM: Time Series Forecasting by Reprogramming Large Language Modelscited by 680
  3. 2019DeepMIMO: A Generic Deep Learning Dataset for Millimeter Wave and Massive MIMO Applicationscited by 121
  4. 2023Semantic Communications using Foundation Models: Design Approaches and Open Issuescited by 9
  5. 2023Deep Learning Based Predictive Beamforming Designcited by 5
  6. 2024Towards Intelligent Communications: Large Model Empowered Semantic Communicationscited by 4
  7. 2020Deep Learning Assisted mmWave Beam Prediction with Prior Low-frequency Informationcited by 1

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Cited by year (2026 to 7 Oct)

Citing papers per year: 2025: 14; 2026: 6.

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  1. 2025Large Language Models for Wireless Communications: From Adaptation to Autonomycited by 11
  2. 2025A Wireless Foundation Model for Multi-Task Predictioncited by 10
  3. 2025Large AI Models for Wireless Physical Layercited by 6
  4. 2025BeamLLM: Vision-Empowered mmWave Beam Prediction with Large Language Modelscited by 5
  5. 2025Large AI Model for Delay-Doppler Domain Channel Prediction in 6G OTFS-Based Vehicular Networkscited by 2
  6. 2025Edge Large AI Models: Revolutionizing 6G Networkscited by 2
  7. 2026Wireless Power Control Based on Large Language Modelscited by 2
  8. 2025TelePlanNet: An AI-Driven Framework for Efficient Telecom Network Planningcited by 1
  9. 2025Distillation-Enabled Knowledge Alignment for Generative Semantic Communications of AIGC Imagescited by 1
  10. 2025BERT4beam: Large AI Model Enabled Generalized Beamforming Optimizationcited by 1
  11. 2026Hierarchical Wireless Foundation Model for Multi-Task Optimizationcited by 1
  12. 2025Investigating cybersecurity incidents using large language models in latest-generation wireless networkscited by 0
8 more
  1. 2025RadarPLM: Adapting Pre-trained Language Models for Marine Radar Target Detection by Selective Fine-tuningcited by 0
  2. 2025Agentic Link Construction for Environment and Intent Aware 6G Communicationcited by 0
  3. 2025Sensing and Understanding the World over Air: A Large Multimodal Model for Mobile Networkscited by 0
  4. 2025LLM4XCE: Large Language Models for Extremely Large-Scale Massive MIMO Channel Estimationcited by 0
  5. 2026Agentic AI for Embodied-enhanced Beam Prediction in Low-Altitude Economy Networkscited by 0
  6. 2026Structure-Aware Multimodal LLM Framework for Trustworthy Near-Field Beam Predictioncited by 0
  7. 2026SpikeWFM: Spiking-Aided Wireless Foundation Model for Robust Channel Predictioncited by 0
  8. 2026From Semantic to Token Communication: The Next Paradigm for Large-Model-Driven 6G Intelligent Connectivitycited by 0