mlsanityData to 7 Oct 2026

An Efficient Inference Framework for Early-exit Large Language Models

arXiv 2407.20272 ↗First posted 25 Jul 2024cs.CL cs.AI cs.LGcited by 5

On the map: Efficient LLM inference and serving → Early exit and edge inference

Abstract (arXiv)

Building efficient inference framework has gained increasing interests for research community. Early-exit models, a variant of LLMs, improves the inference efficiency of LLMs by skipping rest layers and directly generate output tokens when they are confident enough. However, there is no work of LLM inference framework that takes early-exit models into consideration. This is non-trivial as prior art on LLM inference cannot be directly applied to early-exit models. In this work, we solves two key challenges in building efficient inference framework for early-exit models: (1) batch inference at iteration-level granularity; and (2) KV cache management. For the former, we propose to process the batch until all sequences surpass the early-exit confidence threshold. For the latter, we propose to fill the KV cache of rest layers before the iteration terminates. Our evaluation shows that, compared with the original vLLM operating at full layers, our solution achieves up to 1.25x speed up.

Key facts. Cited by 5 papers in the map (data through 7 Oct 2026). Placed in Early exit and edge inference, one of 12 directions in Efficient LLM inference and serving. Builds on 17 of its 24 references that are in the map. First posted on arXiv 25 Jul 2024.

Builds on

17 of 24 references.

Closest ancestors · 2

Same direction, newest first

  1. 2022You Need Multiple Exiting: Dynamic Early Exiting for Accelerating Unified Vision Language Model21 Nov
  2. 2022A Simple Hash-Based Early Exiting Approach For Language Understanding and Generation3 Mar

Other references · 15

  1. 2019Exploring the Limits of Transfer Learning with a Unified Text-to-Text Transformercited by 14,491
  2. 2023Llama 2: Open Foundation and Fine-Tuned Chat Modelscited by 12,865
  3. 2023Efficient Memory Management for Large Language Model Serving with PagedAttentioncited by 5,767
  4. 2018Can a Suit of Armor Conduct Electricity? A New Dataset for Open Book Question Answeringcited by 2,114
  5. 2015Teaching Machines to Read and Comprehendcited by 1,039
  6. 2020Exploiting Cloze Questions for Few Shot Text Classification and Natural Language Inferencecited by 934
  7. 2022OFA: Unifying Architectures, Tasks, and Modalities Through a Simple Sequence-to-Sequence Learning Frameworkcited by 742
  8. 2022Transformer Feed-Forward Layers Build Predictions by Promoting Concepts in the Vocabulary Spacecited by 522
  9. 2020UnifiedQA: Crossing Format Boundaries With a Single QA Systemcited by 475
  10. 2023Benchmarking Large Language Models for News Summarizationcited by 444
  11. 2023Prompting Large Language Model for Machine Translation: A Case Studycited by 247
  12. 2019Depth-Adaptive Transformercited by 227
3 more
  1. 2020The Right Tool for the Job: Matching Model and Instance Complexitiescited by 125
  2. 2021Consistent Accelerated Inference via Confident Adaptive Transformerscited by 73
  3. 2021VX2TEXT: End-to-End Learning of Video-Based Text Generation From Multimodal Inputscited by 42

Built on by

Cited by year (2026 to 7 Oct)

Citing papers per year: 2025: 2; 2026: 3.

5 papers.

Similar, not cited

Close in wording, no citation either way

  1. 2025HELIOS: Adaptive Model And Early-Exit Selection for Efficient LLM Inference Serving
  2. 2023EE-LLM: Large-Scale Training and Inference of Early-Exit Large Language Models with 3D Parallelism
  3. 2026River-LLM: Large Language Model Seamless Exit Based on KV Share
  4. 2026FlexEE: Self-Speculative and KV-Compatible Early Exiting for Offloading-Aware LLM Inference
  5. 2024LLM Inference Unveiled: Survey and Roofline Model Insights
  6. 2024Dynamic Vocabulary Pruning in Early-Exit LLMs
  7. 2026KV Cache Optimization Strategies for Scalable and Efficient LLM Inference
  8. 2026The Diminishing Returns of Early-Exit Decoding in Modern LLMs