An Efficient Inference Framework for Early-exit Large Language Models
On the map: Efficient LLM inference and serving → Early exit and edge inference
Abstract (arXiv)
Building efficient inference framework has gained increasing interests for research community. Early-exit models, a variant of LLMs, improves the inference efficiency of LLMs by skipping rest layers and directly generate output tokens when they are confident enough. However, there is no work of LLM inference framework that takes early-exit models into consideration. This is non-trivial as prior art on LLM inference cannot be directly applied to early-exit models. In this work, we solves two key challenges in building efficient inference framework for early-exit models: (1) batch inference at iteration-level granularity; and (2) KV cache management. For the former, we propose to process the batch until all sequences surpass the early-exit confidence threshold. For the latter, we propose to fill the KV cache of rest layers before the iteration terminates. Our evaluation shows that, compared with the original vLLM operating at full layers, our solution achieves up to 1.25x speed up.
Key facts. Cited by 5 papers in the map (data through 7 Oct 2026). Placed in Early exit and edge inference, one of 12 directions in Efficient LLM inference and serving. Builds on 17 of its 24 references that are in the map. First posted on arXiv 25 Jul 2024.
Builds on
17 of 24 references.
Closest ancestors · 2
Same direction, newest first
- 2022You Need Multiple Exiting: Dynamic Early Exiting for Accelerating Unified Vision Language Model21 Nov
- 2022A Simple Hash-Based Early Exiting Approach For Language Understanding and Generation3 Mar
Other references · 15
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- 2023Llama 2: Open Foundation and Fine-Tuned Chat Modelscited by 12,865
- 2023Efficient Memory Management for Large Language Model Serving with PagedAttentioncited by 5,767
- 2018Can a Suit of Armor Conduct Electricity? A New Dataset for Open Book Question Answeringcited by 2,114
- 2015Teaching Machines to Read and Comprehendcited by 1,039
- 2020Exploiting Cloze Questions for Few Shot Text Classification and Natural Language Inferencecited by 934
- 2022OFA: Unifying Architectures, Tasks, and Modalities Through a Simple Sequence-to-Sequence Learning Frameworkcited by 742
- 2022Transformer Feed-Forward Layers Build Predictions by Promoting Concepts in the Vocabulary Spacecited by 522
- 2020UnifiedQA: Crossing Format Boundaries With a Single QA Systemcited by 475
- 2023Benchmarking Large Language Models for News Summarizationcited by 444
- 2023Prompting Large Language Model for Machine Translation: A Case Studycited by 247
- 2019Depth-Adaptive Transformercited by 227
Built on by
Citing papers per year: 2025: 2; 2026: 3.
5 papers.
- 2026AdaPonderLM: Gated Pondering Language Models with Token-Wise Adaptive Depthcited by 9
- 2026A Survey on the Green Development of Large Models: From Resource-Efficient Architectures to Hardware-Software Co-Designcited by 3
- 2025Bi-directional Model Cascading with Proxy Confidencecited by 2
- 2025Dynamic Rebatching for Efficient Early-Exit Inference with DREXcited by 2
- 2026SPAR-K: Scheduled Periodic Alternating Early Exit for Spoken Language Modelscited by 0
- 2026A Survey on the Green Development of Large Models: From Resource-Efficient Architectures to Hardware-Software Co-Design10 Jul 2026
- 2026SPAR-K: Scheduled Periodic Alternating Early Exit for Spoken Language Models10 Mar 2026
- 2026AdaPonderLM: Gated Pondering Language Models with Token-Wise Adaptive Depth2 Mar 2026
- 2025Dynamic Rebatching for Efficient Early-Exit Inference with DREX17 Dec 2025
- 2025Bi-directional Model Cascading with Proxy Confidence27 Apr 2025
Similar, not cited
Close in wording, no citation either way
- 2025HELIOS: Adaptive Model And Early-Exit Selection for Efficient LLM Inference Serving
- 2023EE-LLM: Large-Scale Training and Inference of Early-Exit Large Language Models with 3D Parallelism
- 2026River-LLM: Large Language Model Seamless Exit Based on KV Share
- 2026FlexEE: Self-Speculative and KV-Compatible Early Exiting for Offloading-Aware LLM Inference
- 2024LLM Inference Unveiled: Survey and Roofline Model Insights
- 2024Dynamic Vocabulary Pruning in Early-Exit LLMs
- 2026KV Cache Optimization Strategies for Scalable and Efficient LLM Inference
- 2026The Diminishing Returns of Early-Exit Decoding in Modern LLMs