mlsanityData to 7 Oct 2026

Evaluation of RAG Metrics for Question Answering in the Telecom Domain

arXiv 2407.12873 ↗First posted 15 Jul 2024cs.CL cs.AI cs.IRcited by 19

On the map: Retrieval-augmented generation → RAG robustness and adaptive retrieval

Abstract (arXiv)

Retrieval Augmented Generation (RAG) is widely used to enable Large Language Models (LLMs) perform Question Answering (QA) tasks in various domains. However, RAG based on open-source LLM for specialized domains has challenges of evaluating generated responses. A popular framework in the literature is the RAG Assessment (RAGAS), a publicly available library which uses LLMs for evaluation. One disadvantage of RAGAS is the lack of details of derivation of numerical value of the evaluation metrics. One of the outcomes of this work is a modified version of this package for few metrics (faithfulness, context relevance, answer relevance, answer correctness, answer similarity and factual correctness) through which we provide the intermediate outputs of the prompts by using any LLMs. Next, we analyse the expert evaluations of the output of the modified RAGAS package and observe the challenges of using it in the telecom domain. We also study the effect of the metrics under correct vs. wrong retrieval and observe that few of the metrics have higher values for correct retrieval. We also study for differences in metrics between base embeddings and those domain adapted via pre-training and fine-tuning. Finally, we comment on the suitability and challenges of using these metrics for in-the-wild telecom QA task.

Key facts. Cited by 19 papers in the map (data through 7 Oct 2026). Placed in RAG robustness and adaptive retrieval, one of 15 directions in Retrieval-augmented generation. Builds on 16 of its 29 references that are in the map. First posted on arXiv 15 Jul 2024.

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16 of 29 references.

Closest ancestors · 2

Same direction, newest first

  1. 2024Automated Evaluation of Retrieval-Augmented Language Models with Task-Specific Exam Generation22 May
  2. 2023Benchmarking Large Language Models in Retrieval-Augmented Generation4 Sep

Other references · 14

  1. 2020Retrieval-Augmented Generation for Knowledge-Intensive NLP Taskscited by 9,160
  2. 2019BERTScore: Evaluating Text Generation with BERTcited by 5,462
  3. 2023Mistral 7Bcited by 3,065
  4. 2019How Contextual are Contextualized Word Representations? Comparing the Geometry of BERT, ELMo, and GPT-2 Embeddingscited by 770
  5. 2023Ragas: Automated Evaluation of Retrieval Augmented Generationcited by 408
  6. 2023ARES: An Automated Evaluation Framework for Retrieval-Augmented Generation Systemscited by 259
  7. 2021All Bark and No Bite: Rogue Dimensions in Transformer Language Models Obscure Representational Qualitycited by 150
  8. 2024CRAG -- Comprehensive RAG Benchmarkcited by 94
  9. 2024Is Cosine-Similarity of Embeddings Really About Similarity?cited by 89
  10. 2024Large Language Model (LLM) for Telecommunications: A Comprehensive Survey on Principles, Key Techniques, and Opportunitiescited by 83
  11. 2023Understanding Retrieval Augmentation for Long-Form Question Answeringcited by 45
  12. 2020On the Interplay Between Fine-tuning and Sentence-level Probing for Linguistic Knowledge in Pre-trained Transformerscited by 39
2 more
  1. 2024Using Large Language Models to Understand Telecom Standardscited by 13
  2. 2024Observations on Building RAG Systems for Technical Documentscited by 8

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Citing papers per year: 2024: 4; 2025: 11; 2026: 4.

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  1. 2025Retrieval Augmented Generation Evaluation in the Era of Large Language Models: A Comprehensive Surveycited by 20
  2. 2024Correctness is not Faithfulness in RAG Attributionscited by 18
  3. 2024Search Engines in an AI Era: The False Promise of Factual and Verifiable Source-Cited Responsescited by 15
  4. 2024Speech Retrieval-Augmented Generation without Automatic Speech Recognitioncited by 14
  5. 2025DeepTRACE: Auditing Deep Research AI Systems for Tracking Reliability Across Citations and Evidencecited by 10
  6. 2025A Graph-based Approach for Multi-Modal Question Answering from Flowcharts in Telecom Documentscited by 3
  7. 2025Scalable and Reliable Evaluation of AI Knowledge Retrieval Systems: RIKER and the Coherent Simulated Universecited by 3
  8. 2024TeleOracle: Fine-Tuned Retrieval-Augmented Generation with Long-Context Support for Networkcited by 2
  9. 2025BR-TaxQA-R: A Dataset for Question Answering with References for Brazilian Personal Income Tax Law, including case lawcited by 2
  10. 2025Benchmarking Vector, Graph and Hybrid Retrieval Augmented Generation (RAG) Pipelines for Open Radio Access Networks (ORAN)cited by 2
  11. 2025Enhancing Large Language Models (LLMs) for Telecommunications using Knowledge Graphs and Retrieval-Augmented Generationcited by 1
  12. 2025Measuring Visual Understanding in Telecom domain: Performance Metrics for Image-to-UML conversion using VLMscited by 1
7 more
  1. 2025Knowledge Distillation of Domain-adapted LLMs for Question-Answering in Telecomcited by 0
  2. 2025UrbanMind: Towards Urban General Intelligence via Tool-Enhanced Retrieval-Augmented Generation and Multilevel Optimizationcited by 0
  3. 2025TelcoAI: Advancing 3GPP Technical Specification Search through Agentic Multi-Modal Retrieval-Augmented Generationcited by 0
  4. 2026Adaptive Rigor in AI System Evaluation using Temperature-Controlled Verdict Aggregation via Generalized Power Meancited by 0
  5. 2026Retrieval-Augmented Tutoring for Algorithm Tracing and Problem-Solving in AI Educationcited by 0
  6. 2026A Comparative Study of Language Models for Khmer Retrieval-Augmented Question Answeringcited by 0
  7. 2026FactoryLLM: A Safe and Open-Source AI Playground for Evaluating LLMs in Smart Factoriescited by 0

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  1. 2025Comparing the Performance of LLMs in RAG-based Question-Answering: A Case Study in Computer Science Literature
  2. 2025A Systematic Review of Key Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG) Systems: Progress, Gaps, and Future Directions
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  4. 2024Know Your RAG: Dataset Taxonomy and Generation Strategies for Evaluating RAG Systems
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  6. 2024Long2RAG: Evaluating Long-Context & Long-Form Retrieval-Augmented Generation with Key Point Recall
  7. 2024RAG-QA Arena: Evaluating Domain Robustness for Long-form Retrieval Augmented Question Answering
  8. 2025QuIM-RAG: Advancing Retrieval-Augmented Generation with Inverted Question Matching for Enhanced QA Performance