OTCE: Hybrid SSM and Attention with Cross Domain Mixture of Experts to construct Observer-Thinker-Conceiver-Expresser
On the map: LLM reasoning → Test-time compute and efficient thinking
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Abstract (arXiv)
Recent research has shown that combining Mamba with Transformer architecture, which has selective state space and quadratic self-attention mechanism, outperforms using Mamba or Transformer architecture alone in language modeling tasks. The quadratic self-attention mechanism effectively alleviates the shortcomings of selective state space in handling long-term dependencies of any element in the sequence. We propose a position information injection method that connects the selective state space model with the quadratic attention, and integrates these two architectures with hybrid experts with cross-sharing domains, so that we can enjoy the advantages of both. We design a new architecture with a more biomimetic idea: Observer-Thinker-Conceiver-Expresser (OTCE), which can compete with well-known medium-scale open-source language models on a small scale in language modeling tasks.
Key facts. No citing papers in the map yet (data through 7 Oct 2026). Placed in Test-time compute and efficient thinking, one of 17 directions in LLM reasoning. Builds on 18 of its 21 references that are in the map. First posted on arXiv 24 Jun 2024.
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References · 18
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- 2024DeepSeekMoE: Towards Ultimate Expert Specialization in Mixture-of-Experts Language Modelscited by 834
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- 2025TransMamba: A Sequence-Level Hybrid Transformer-Mamba Language Model
- 2024Can Mamba Learn How to Learn? A Comparative Study on In-Context Learning Tasks
- 2025Hybrid Architectures for Language Models: Systematic Analysis and Design Insights
- 2026ZetaGPT: A Reference Implementation of Positional--Encoding--Free State--Space--Attention Language Models
- 2025Is Random Attention Sufficient for Sequence Modeling? Disentangling Trainable Components in the Transformer