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INTERSPEECH 2009 Emotion Challenge Revisited: Benchmarking 15 Years of Progress in Speech Emotion Recognition

arXiv 2406.06401 ↗First posted 10 Jun 2024cs.CLcited by 0

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Abstract (arXiv)

We revisit the INTERSPEECH 2009 Emotion Challenge -- the first ever speech emotion recognition (SER) challenge -- and evaluate a series of deep learning models that are representative of the major advances in SER research in the time since then. We start by training each model using a fixed set of hyperparameters, and further fine-tune the best-performing models of that initial setup with a grid search. Results are always reported on the official test set with a separate validation set only used for early stopping. Most models score below or close to the official baseline, while they marginally outperform the original challenge winners after hyperparameter tuning. Our work illustrates that, despite recent progress, FAU-AIBO remains a very challenging benchmark. An interesting corollary is that newer methods do not consistently outperform older ones, showing that progress towards `solving' SER is not necessarily monotonic.

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References · 13

  1. 2022Robust Speech Recognition via Large-Scale Weak Supervisioncited by 3,972
  2. 2020wav2vec 2.0: A Framework for Self-Supervised Learning of Speech Representationscited by 3,853
  3. 2021HuBERT: Self-Supervised Speech Representation Learning by Masked Prediction of Hidden Unitscited by 2,301
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  5. 2020ECAPA-TDNN: Emphasized Channel Attention, Propagation and Aggregation in TDNN Based Speaker Verificationcited by 606
  6. 2019PANNs: Large-Scale Pretrained Audio Neural Networks for Audio Pattern Recognitioncited by 563
  7. 2020Underspecification Presents Challenges for Credibility in Modern Machine Learningcited by 488
  8. 2021VoxPopuli: A Large-Scale Multilingual Speech Corpus for Representation Learning, Semi-Supervised Learning and Interpretationcited by 455
  9. 2019On The Power of Curriculum Learning in Training Deep Networkscited by 285
  10. 2022Dawn of the transformer era in speech emotion recognition: closing the valence gapcited by 155
  11. 2021Robust wav2vec 2.0: Analyzing Domain Shift in Self-Supervised Pre-Trainingcited by 148
  12. 2018The OMG-Emotion Behavior Datasetcited by 25
1 more
  1. 2022Probing Speech Emotion Recognition Transformers for Linguistic Knowledgecited by 13

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