mlsanityData to 7 Oct 2026

Diffusion-Based Hierarchical Image Steganography

arXiv 2405.11523 ↗First posted 19 May 2024cs.CVcited by 4

On the map: Diffusion models → Robustness, privacy and adversarial aspects

Abstract (arXiv)

This paper introduces Hierarchical Image Steganography, a novel method that enhances the security and capacity of embedding multiple images into a single container using diffusion models. HIS assigns varying levels of robustness to images based on their importance, ensuring enhanced protection against manipulation. It adaptively exploits the robustness of the Diffusion Model alongside the reversibility of the Flow Model. The integration of Embed-Flow and Enhance-Flow improves embedding efficiency and image recovery quality, respectively, setting HIS apart from conventional multi-image steganography techniques. This innovative structure can autonomously generate a container image, thereby securely and efficiently concealing multiple images and text. Rigorous subjective and objective evaluations underscore our advantage in analytical resistance, robustness, and capacity, illustrating its expansive applicability in content safeguarding and privacy fortification.

Key facts. Cited by 4 papers in the map (data through 7 Oct 2026). Placed in Robustness, privacy and adversarial aspects, one of 14 directions in Diffusion models. Builds on 25 of its 52 references that are in the map. First posted on arXiv 19 May 2024.

Builds on

25 of 52 references.

Closest ancestors · 1

Same direction, newest first

  1. 2023CRoSS: Diffusion Model Makes Controllable, Robust and Secure Image Steganography26 May

Other references · 24

  1. 2021High-Resolution Image Synthesis with Latent Diffusion Modelscited by 18,694
  2. 2021Diffusion Models Beat GANs on Image Synthesiscited by 8,185
  3. 2022Hierarchical Text-Conditional Image Generation with CLIP Latentscited by 6,539
  4. 2022Photorealistic Text-to-Image Diffusion Models with Deep Language Understandingcited by 6,322
  5. 2019Analyzing and Improving the Image Quality of StyleGANcited by 3,580
  6. 2016Density estimation using Real NVPcited by 2,029
  7. 2021SDEdit: Guided Image Synthesis and Editing with Stochastic Differential Equationscited by 1,903
  8. 2021Image Super-Resolution via Iterative Refinementcited by 1,506
  9. 2014NICE: Non-linear Independent Components Estimationcited by 1,052
  10. 2021Real-ESRGAN: Training Real-World Blind Super-Resolution with Pure Synthetic Datacited by 961
  11. 2022Denoising Diffusion Restoration Modelscited by 951
  12. 2019Image2StyleGAN: How to Embed Images Into the StyleGAN Latent Space?cited by 675
12 more
  1. 2021DiffusionCLIP: Text-Guided Diffusion Models for Robust Image Manipulationcited by 640
  2. 2021ILVR: Conditioning Method for Denoising Diffusion Probabilistic Modelscited by 634
  3. 2022Zero-Shot Image Restoration Using Denoising Diffusion Null-Space Modelcited by 574
  4. 2018HiDDeN: Hiding Data With Deep Networkscited by 384
  5. 2022EGSDE: Unpaired Image-to-Image Translation via Energy-Guided Stochastic Differential Equationscited by 172
  6. 2023EditGuard: Versatile Image Watermarking for Tamper Localization and Copyright Protectioncited by 109
  7. 2020Invertible Image Rescalingcited by 92
  8. 2019SteganoGAN: High Capacity Image Steganography with GANscited by 70
  9. 2024V2A-Mark: Versatile Deep Visual-Audio Watermarking for Manipulation Localization and Copyright Protectioncited by 27
  10. 2018CNN Based Adversarial Embedding with Minimum Alteration for Image Steganographycited by 22
  11. 2018Yedrouj-Net: An efficient CNN for spatial steganalysiscited by 19
  12. 2017SSGAN: Secure Steganography Based on Generative Adversarial Networkscited by 18

Built on by

Cited by year (2026 to 7 Oct)

Citing papers per year: 2024: 1; 2025: 1; 2026: 2.

4 papers.

  1. 2024OmniGuard: Hybrid Manipulation Localization via Augmented Versatile Deep Image Watermarkingcited by 35
  2. 2025Tackling Ill-posedness of Reversible Image Conversion with Well-posed Invertible Networkcited by 0
  3. 2026Training-Free Coverless Multi-Image Steganography with Access Controlcited by 0
  4. 2026No Prompt, No Leaks: A Robust Generative Steganography Framework via Prompt-Free Diffusioncited by 0

Similar, not cited

Close in wording, no citation either way

  1. 2024Plug-and-Hide: Provable and Adjustable Diffusion Generative Steganography
  2. 2025PSyDUCK: Training-Free Steganography for Latent Diffusion
  3. 2025Hiding Images in Diffusion Models by Editing Learned Score Functions
  4. 2026Rethinking Security of Diffusion-based Generative Steganography
  5. 2026DTAMS: High-Capacity Generative Steganography via Dynamic Multi-Timestep Selection and Adaptive Deviation Mapping in Latent Diffusion
  6. 2025Provably Secure Covert Messaging Using Image-based Diffusion Processes
  7. 2023Diffusion-Stego: Training-free Diffusion Generative Steganography via Message Projection
  8. 2025Shackled Dancing: A Bit-Locked Diffusion Algorithm for Lossless and Controllable Image Steganography