IceFormer: Accelerated Inference with Long-Sequence Transformers on CPUs
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Abstract (arXiv)
One limitation of existing Transformer-based models is that they cannot handle very long sequences as input since their self-attention operations exhibit quadratic time and space complexity. This problem becomes especially acute when Transformers are deployed on hardware platforms equipped only with CPUs. To address this issue, we propose a novel method for accelerating self-attention at inference time that works with pretrained Transformer models out-of-the-box without requiring retraining. We experiment using our method to accelerate various long-sequence Transformers, including a leading LLaMA 2-based LLM, on various benchmarks and demonstrate a greater speedup of 2.73x - 7.63x while retaining 98.6% - 99.6% of the accuracy of the original pretrained models. The code is available on our project website at https://yuzhenmao.github.io/IceFormer/.
Key facts. Cited by 8 papers in the map (data through 7 Oct 2026). Builds on 22 of its 30 references that are in the map. First posted on arXiv 5 May 2024.
Builds on
22 of 30 references.
References · 22
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10 more
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Built on by
Citing papers per year: 2024: 3; 2025: 1; 2026: 4.
8 papers.
- 2024MInference 1.0: Accelerating Pre-filling for Long-Context LLMs via Dynamic Sparse Attentioncited by 375
- 2024RetrievalAttention: Accelerating Long-Context LLM Inference via Vector Retrievalcited by 114
- 2024MagicPIG: LSH Sampling for Efficient LLM Generationcited by 112
- 2025ZETA: Leveraging Z-order Curves for Efficient Top-k Attentioncited by 9
- 2026IceCache: Memory-efficient KV-cache Management for Long-Sequence LLMscited by 4
- 2026k-Maximum Inner Product Attention for Graph Transformers and the Expressive Power of GraphGPScited by 0
- 2026ARM: Attention with Routed-Memory for Learnable Sparse Controlcited by 0
- 2026DimPO: Dimensionality Reduction for Attention using Preference Optimizationcited by 0
- 2026DimPO: Dimensionality Reduction for Attention using Preference Optimization26 Sep 2026
- 2026ARM: Attention with Routed-Memory for Learnable Sparse Control21 Sep 2026
- 2026IceCache: Memory-efficient KV-cache Management for Long-Sequence LLMs12 Apr 2026
- 2026k-Maximum Inner Product Attention for Graph Transformers and the Expressive Power of GraphGPS4 Apr 2026
- 2025ZETA: Leveraging Z-order Curves for Efficient Top-k Attention24 Jan 2025
- 2024MagicPIG: LSH Sampling for Efficient LLM Generation21 Oct 2024
- 2024RetrievalAttention: Accelerating Long-Context LLM Inference via Vector Retrieval16 Sep 2024
- 2024MInference 1.0: Accelerating Pre-filling for Long-Context LLMs via Dynamic Sparse Attention2 Jul 2024