mlsanityData to 13 Oct 2026

ARAGOG: Advanced RAG Output Grading

arXiv 2404.01037 ↗First posted 1 Apr 2024cs.CL cs.IRcited by 8

On the map: Retrieval-augmented generation → RAG pipeline design and evaluation

Abstract (arXiv)

Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG) is essential for integrating external knowledge into Large Language Model (LLM) outputs. While the literature on RAG is growing, it primarily focuses on systematic reviews and comparisons of new state-of-the-art (SoTA) techniques against their predecessors, with a gap in extensive experimental comparisons. This study begins to address this gap by assessing various RAG methods' impacts on retrieval precision and answer similarity. We found that Hypothetical Document Embedding (HyDE) and LLM reranking significantly enhance retrieval precision. However, Maximal Marginal Relevance (MMR) and Cohere rerank did not exhibit notable advantages over a baseline Naive RAG system, and Multi-query approaches underperformed. Sentence Window Retrieval emerged as the most effective for retrieval precision, despite its variable performance on answer similarity. The study confirms the potential of the Document Summary Index as a competent retrieval approach. All resources related to this research are publicly accessible for further investigation through our GitHub repository ARAGOG (https://github.com/predlico/ARAGOG). We welcome the community to further this exploratory study in RAG systems.

Key facts. Cited by 8 papers in the map (data through 13 Oct 2026). Placed in RAG pipeline design and evaluation, one of 15 directions in Retrieval-augmented generation. Builds on 3 of its 17 references that are in the map. First posted on arXiv 1 Apr 2024.

Builds on

3 of 17 references.

References · 3

  1. 2018BERT: Pre-training of Deep Bidirectional Transformers for Language Understandingcited by 40,304
  2. 2019RoBERTa: A Robustly Optimized BERT Pretraining Approachcited by 13,322
  3. 2022Precise Zero-Shot Dense Retrieval without Relevance Labelscited by 510

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Cited by year (2026 to 13 Oct)

Citing papers per year: 2024: 1; 2025: 5; 2026: 2.

8 papers.

Similar, not cited

Close in wording, no citation either way

  1. 2024A Comprehensive Survey of Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG): Evolution, Current Landscape and Future Directions
  2. 2025Retrieval Augmented Generation Evaluation in the Era of Large Language Models: A Comprehensive Survey
  3. 2025Enhancing Retrieval-Augmented Generation: A Study of Best Practices
  4. 2025Test-time Corpus Feedback: From Retrieval to RAG
  5. 2024A Survey on Retrieval-Augmented Text Generation for Large Language Models
  6. 2024CoFE-RAG: A Comprehensive Full-chain Evaluation Framework for Retrieval-Augmented Generation with Enhanced Data Diversity
  7. 2025When Retrieval Succeeds and Fails: Rethinking Retrieval-Augmented Generation for LLMs
  8. 2024Improving Retrieval for RAG based Question Answering Models on Financial Documents