mlsanityData to 7 Oct 2026

TV-TREES: Multimodal Entailment Trees for Neuro-Symbolic Video Reasoning

arXiv 2402.19467 ↗First posted 29 Feb 2024cs.CL cs.AI cs.CVcited by 12

On the map: LLM reasoning → Multimodal reasoning

Abstract (arXiv)

It is challenging for models to understand complex, multimodal content such as television clips, and this is in part because video-language models often rely on single-modality reasoning and lack interpretability. To combat these issues we propose TV-TREES, the first multimodal entailment tree generator. TV-TREES serves as an approach to video understanding that promotes interpretable joint-modality reasoning by searching for trees of entailment relationships between simple text-video evidence and higher-level conclusions that prove question-answer pairs. We also introduce the task of multimodal entailment tree generation to evaluate reasoning quality. Our method's performance on the challenging TVQA benchmark demonstrates interpretable, state-of-the-art zero-shot performance on full clips, illustrating that multimodal entailment tree generation can be a best-of-both-worlds alternative to black-box systems.

Key facts. Cited by 12 papers in the map (data through 7 Oct 2026). Placed in Multimodal reasoning, one of 17 directions in LLM reasoning. Builds on 21 of its 53 references that are in the map. First posted on arXiv 29 Feb 2024.

Builds on

21 of 53 references.

Closest ancestors · 1

Same direction, newest first

  1. 2023Large Language Models are Temporal and Causal Reasoners for Video Question Answering24 Oct

Other references · 20

  1. 2023Visual Instruction Tuningcited by 7,792
  2. 2017A Broad-Coverage Challenge Corpus for Sentence Understanding through Inferencecited by 2,665
  3. 2015A large annotated corpus for learning natural language inferencecited by 1,837
  4. 2016MS MARCO: A Human Generated MAchine Reading COmprehension Datasetcited by 1,591
  5. 2023MVBench: A Comprehensive Multi-modal Video Understanding Benchmarkcited by 1,086
  6. 2018TVQA: Localized, Compositional Video Question Answeringcited by 463
  7. 2020HERO: Hierarchical Encoder for Video+Language Omni-representation Pre-trainingcited by 362
  8. 2020Evaluation of Text Generation: A Surveycited by 275
  9. 2019Visual Entailment: A Novel Task for Fine-Grained Image Understandingcited by 250
  10. 2023Self-Chained Image-Language Model for Video Localization and Question Answeringcited by 200
  11. 2019TVQA+: Spatio-Temporal Grounding for Video Question Answeringcited by 153
  12. 2022Video Question Answering: Datasets, Algorithms and Challengescited by 84
8 more
  1. 2021Understanding by Understanding Not: Modeling Negation in Language Modelscited by 73
  2. 2020e-SNLI-VE: Corrected Visual-Textual Entailment with Natural Language Explanationscited by 30
  3. 2021Distilled Dual-Encoder Model for Vision-Language Understandingcited by 21
  4. 2024Enhancing Systematic Decompositional Natural Language Inference Using Informal Logiccited by 12
  5. 2019Multimodal Logical Inference System for Visual-Textual Entailmentcited by 11
  6. 2020Don't Explain without Verifying Veracity: An Evaluation of Explainable AI with Video Activity Recognitioncited by 11
  7. 2023Dissecting Multimodality in VideoQA Transformer Models by Impairing Modality Fusioncited by 8
  8. 2019Explainable Deep Learning for Video Recognition Tasks: A Framework & Recommendationscited by 7

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Cited by year (2026 to 7 Oct)

Citing papers per year: 2024: 4; 2025: 7; 2026: 1.

12 papers.

Similar, not cited

Close in wording, no citation either way

  1. 2025Chain-of-Frames: Advancing Video Understanding in Multimodal LLMs via Frame-Aware Reasoning
  2. 2025NeuS-QA: Grounding Long-Form Video Understanding in Temporal Logic and Neuro-Symbolic Reasoning
  3. 2025Video Finetuning Improves Reasoning Between Frames
  4. 2025Can Video Large Multimodal Models Think Like Doubters-or Double-Down: A Study on Defeasible Video Entailment
  5. 2026How Far Are Video Models from True Multimodal Reasoning?
  6. 2026Temporal Tree of Thought: Reasoning-Guided Visual Cue Search for Long-Video Understanding
  7. 2025MMGR: Multi-Modal Generative Reasoning Benchmark and Evaluation
  8. 2025RPTS: Tree-Structured Reasoning Process Scoring for Faithful Multimodal Evaluation