FGeo-DRL: Deductive Reasoning for Geometric Problems through Deep Reinforcement Learning
On the map: LLM reasoning → Spatial and embodied reasoning
Abstract (arXiv)
The human-like automatic deductive reasoning has always been one of the most challenging open problems in the interdiscipline of mathematics and artificial intelligence. This paper is the third in a series of our works. We built a neural-symbolic system, called FGeoDRL, to automatically perform human-like geometric deductive reasoning. The neural part is an AI agent based on reinforcement learning, capable of autonomously learning problem-solving methods from the feedback of a formalized environment, without the need for human supervision. It leverages a pre-trained natural language model to establish a policy network for theorem selection and employ Monte Carlo Tree Search for heuristic exploration. The symbolic part is a reinforcement learning environment based on geometry formalization theory and FormalGeo, which models GPS as a Markov Decision Process. In this formal symbolic system, the known conditions and objectives of the problem form the state space, while the set of theorems forms the action space. Leveraging FGeoDRL, we have achieved readable and verifiable automated solutions to geometric problems. Experiments conducted on the formalgeo7k dataset have achieved a problem-solving success rate of 86.40%. The project is available at https://github.com/PersonNoName/FGeoDRL.
Key facts. Cited by 4 papers in the map (data through 14 Oct 2026). Placed in Spatial and embodied reasoning, one of 17 directions in LLM reasoning. Builds on 5 of its 30 references that are in the map. First posted on arXiv 14 Feb 2024.
Builds on
5 of 30 references.
References · 5
- 2018BERT: Pre-training of Deep Bidirectional Transformers for Language Understandingcited by 40,399
- 2019DistilBERT, a distilled version of BERT: smaller, faster, cheaper and lightercited by 4,307
- 2015High-Dimensional Continuous Control Using Generalized Advantage Estimationcited by 2,026
- 2023G-LLaVA: Solving Geometric Problem with Multi-Modal Large Language Modelcited by 210
- 2023FormalGeo: An Extensible Formalized Framework for Olympiad Geometric Problem Solvingcited by 27
Built on by
Citing papers per year: 2024: 1; 2025: 1; 2026: 2.
4 papers.
- 2025Pi-GPS: Enhancing Geometry Problem Solving by Unleashing the Power of Diagrammatic Informationcited by 10
- 2024FGeo-HyperGNet: Geometric Problem Solving Integrating FormalGeo Symbolic System and Hypergraph Neural Networkcited by 8
- 2026Non-Parametric Structural Priors for Geometry Theorem Predictioncited by 1
- 2026Internalizing Geometric Law: Learning from Solver Residuals for Precision-Critical Generationcited by 0
- 2026Internalizing Geometric Law: Learning from Solver Residuals for Precision-Critical Generation8 Jun 2026
- 2026Non-Parametric Structural Priors for Geometry Theorem Prediction5 Mar 2026
- 2025Pi-GPS: Enhancing Geometry Problem Solving by Unleashing the Power of Diagrammatic Information7 Mar 2025
- 2024FGeo-HyperGNet: Geometric Problem Solving Integrating FormalGeo Symbolic System and Hypergraph Neural Network18 Feb 2024
Similar, not cited
Close in wording, no citation either way
- 2024FGeo-TP: A Language Model-Enhanced Solver for Geometry Problems
- 2025AutoGPS: Automated Geometry Problem Solving via Multimodal Formalization and Deductive Reasoning
- 2026Verifiable Geometry Problem Solving: Solver-Driven Autoformalization and Theorem Proposing
- 2026Euclid-Omni : A Unified Neuro-Symbolic Framework for Plane Geometry
- 2026Dense Neuro-Symbolic Reasoning in a Unified Geometry State
- 2025GenesisGeo: Technical Report
- 2026Beyond Symbolic Solving: Multi Chain-of-Thought Voting for Geometric Reasoning in Large Language Models
- 2026Artificial Intelligence for Mathematical Reasoning: An Integrated Survey of Language Models, Neuro-symbolic Systems, and Verified Discovery