mlsanityData to 14 Oct 2026

To be or not to be? an exploration of continuously controllable prompt engineering

arXiv 2311.09773 ↗First posted 16 Nov 2023cs.CLcited by 3

Not on the map. Why?

Abstract (arXiv)

As the use of large language models becomes more widespread, techniques like parameter-efficient fine-tuning and other methods for controlled generation are gaining traction for customizing models and managing their outputs. However, the challenge of precisely controlling how prompts influence these models is an area ripe for further investigation. In response, we introduce ControlPE (Continuously Controllable Prompt Engineering). ControlPE enables finer adjustments to prompt effects, complementing existing prompt engineering, and effectively controls continuous targets. This approach harnesses the power of LoRA (Low-Rank Adaptation) to create an effect akin to prompt weighting, enabling fine-tuned adjustments to the impact of prompts. Our methodology involves generating specialized datasets for prompt distillation, incorporating these prompts into the LoRA model, and carefully adjusting LoRA merging weight to regulate the influence of prompts. This provides a dynamic and adaptable tool for prompt control. Through our experiments, we have validated the practicality and efficacy of ControlPE. It proves to be a promising solution for control a variety of prompts, ranging from generating short responses prompts, refusal prompts to chain-of-thought prompts.

Key facts. Cited by 3 papers in the map (data through 14 Oct 2026). Builds on 23 of its 32 references that are in the map. First posted on arXiv 16 Nov 2023.

Builds on

23 of 32 references.

References · 23

  1. 2020Language Models are Few-Shot Learnerscited by 32,419
  2. 2021LoRA: Low-Rank Adaptation of Large Language Modelscited by 14,380
  3. 2021Training Verifiers to Solve Math Word Problemscited by 10,109
  4. 2021The Power of Scale for Parameter-Efficient Prompt Tuningcited by 3,795
  5. 2020Making Pre-trained Language Models Better Few-shot Learnerscited by 1,256
  6. 2021Fantastically Ordered Prompts and Where to Find Them: Overcoming Few-Shot Prompt Order Sensitivitycited by 1,135
  7. 2020Exploiting Cloze Questions for Few Shot Text Classification and Natural Language Inferencecited by 938
  8. 2023Large Language Modelscited by 780
  9. 2019CTRL: A Conditional Transformer Language Model for Controllable Generationcited by 762
  10. 2021Prompt Programming for Large Language Models: Beyond the Few-Shot Paradigmcited by 606
  11. 2021Learning How to Ask: Querying LMs with Mixtures of Soft Promptscited by 377
  12. 2021Do Prompt-Based Models Really Understand the Meaning of their Prompts?cited by 326
11 more
  1. 2017Lexically Constrained Decoding for Sequence Generation Using Grid Beam Searchcited by 237
  2. 2018Fast Lexically Constrained Decoding with Dynamic Beam Allocation for Neural Machine Translationcited by 182
  3. 2022COLD Decoding: Energy-based Constrained Text Generation with Langevin Dynamicscited by 161
  4. 2021NeuroLogic A*esque Decoding: Constrained Text Generation with Lookahead Heuristicscited by 154
  5. 2020NeuroLogic Decoding: (Un)supervised Neural Text Generation with Predicate Logic Constraintscited by 149
  6. 2018Large scale distributed neural network training through online distillationcited by 146
  7. 2016Guided Open Vocabulary Image Captioning with Constrained Beam Searchcited by 105
  8. 2019Training Neural Machine Translation To Apply Terminology Constraintscited by 73
  9. 2023PromptMix: A Class Boundary Augmentation Method for Large Language Model Distillationcited by 25
  10. 2021Don't Take It Literally: An Edit-Invariant Sequence Loss for Text Generationcited by 17
  11. 2021When to Fold'em: How to answer Unanswerable questionscited by 1

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Citing papers per year: 2024: 2; 2025: 1.

3 papers.

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  1. 2026The PICCO Framework for Large Language Model Prompting: A Taxonomy and Reference Architecture for Prompt Structure
  2. 2024The Prompt Canvas: A Literature-Based Practitioner Guide for Creating Effective Prompts in Large Language Models
  3. 2024Efficient Prompting Methods for Large Language Models: A Survey
  4. 2024A Systematic Survey of Prompt Engineering in Large Language Models: Techniques and Applications
  5. 2026Beyond Prompt Engineering: A Systematic Analysis of Prompt Lexical Sensitivity and Its Impacts on Quality
  6. 2025PromptFlow: Training Prompts Like Neural Networks
  7. 2026Reflective Prompt Tuning through Language Model Function-Calling
  8. 2024Towards Generalist Prompting for Large Language Models by Mental Models