Keep the Future Human: Why and How We Should Close the Gates to AGI and Superintelligence, and What We Should Build Instead

Dramatic advances in artificial intelligence over the past decade (for narrow-purpose AI) and the last several years (for general-purpose AI) have transformed AI from a niche academic field to the core business strategy of many of the world's largest companies, with hundreds of billions of dollars in annual investment in the techniques and technologies for advancing AI's capabilities. We now come to a critical juncture. As the capabilities of new AI systems begin to match and exceed those of humans across many cognitive domains, humanity must decide: how far do we go, and in what direction? This essay argues that we should keep the future human by closing the "gates" to smarter-than-human, autonomous, general-purpose AI -- sometimes called "AGI" -- and especially to the highly-superhuman version sometimes called "superintelligence." Instead, we should focus on powerful, trustworthy AI tools that can empower individuals and transformatively improve human societies' abilities to do what they do best.