mlsanityData to 14 Oct 2026

ViPE: Visualise Pretty-much Everything

arXiv 2310.10543 ↗First posted 16 Oct 2023cs.CL cs.CVcited by 3

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Abstract (arXiv)

Figurative and non-literal expressions are profoundly integrated in human communication. Visualising such expressions allow us to convey our creative thoughts, and evoke nuanced emotions. Recent text-to-image models like Stable Diffusion, on the other hand, struggle to depict non-literal expressions. Recent works primarily deal with this issue by compiling humanly annotated datasets on a small scale, which not only demands specialised expertise but also proves highly inefficient. To address this issue, we introduce ViPE: Visualise Pretty-much Everything. ViPE offers a series of lightweight and robust language models that have been trained on a large-scale set of lyrics with noisy visual descriptions that represent their implicit meaning. The synthetic visual descriptions are generated by GPT3.5 relying on neither human annotations nor images. ViPE effectively expresses any arbitrary piece of text into a visualisable description, enabling meaningful and high-quality image generation. We provide compelling evidence that ViPE is more robust than GPT3.5 in synthesising visual elaborations. ViPE also exhibits an understanding of figurative expressions comparable to human experts, providing a powerful and open-source backbone to many downstream applications such as music video and caption generation.

Key facts. Cited by 3 papers in the map (data through 14 Oct 2026). Builds on 46 of its 78 references that are in the map. First posted on arXiv 16 Oct 2023.

Builds on

46 of 78 references.

References · 46

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34 more
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Citing papers per year: 2024: 1; 2025: 0; 2026: 2.

3 papers.

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  1. 2022Language Does More Than Describe: On The Lack Of Figurative Speech in Text-To-Image Models
  2. 2025Customizing Visual Emotion Evaluation for MLLMs: An Open-vocabulary, Multifaceted, and Scalable Approach
  3. 2024Understanding Figurative Meaning through Explainable Visual Entailment
  4. 2024A Unified and Interpretable Emotion Representation and Expression Generation
  5. 2026I Came, I Saw, I Explained: Benchmarking Multimodal LLMs on Figurative Meaning in Memes
  6. 2026Do Emotion Concepts Generalize Across Sources, Modalities, and Architectures in Vision-Language Models?
  7. 2026Blending Concepts: Benchmarking Visual Metaphor Generation in Text-to-Image Models
  8. 2025VerbDiff: Text-Only Diffusion Models with Enhanced Interaction Awareness