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SynthRAD2023 Grand Challenge dataset: generating synthetic CT for radiotherapy

arXiv 2303.16320 ↗First posted 28 Mar 2023physics.med-ph cs.CVcited by 53

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Abstract (arXiv)

Purpose: Medical imaging has become increasingly important in diagnosing and treating oncological patients, particularly in radiotherapy. Recent advances in synthetic computed tomography (sCT) generation have increased interest in public challenges to provide data and evaluation metrics for comparing different approaches openly. This paper describes a dataset of brain and pelvis computed tomography (CT) images with rigidly registered CBCT and MRI images to facilitate the development and evaluation of sCT generation for radiotherapy planning. Acquisition and validation methods: The dataset consists of CT, CBCT, and MRI of 540 brains and 540 pelvic radiotherapy patients from three Dutch university medical centers. Subjects' ages ranged from 3 to 93 years, with a mean age of 60. Various scanner models and acquisition settings were used across patients from the three data-providing centers. Details are available in CSV files provided with the datasets. Data format and usage notes: The data is available on Zenodo (https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7260705) under the SynthRAD2023 collection. The images for each subject are available in nifti format. Potential applications: This dataset will enable the evaluation and development of image synthesis algorithms for radiotherapy purposes on a realistic multi-center dataset with varying acquisition protocols. Synthetic CT generation has numerous applications in radiation therapy, including diagnosis, treatment planning, treatment monitoring, and surgical planning.

Key facts. Cited by 53 papers in the map (data through 7 Oct 2026). Builds on 1 of its 11 references that are in the map. First posted on arXiv 28 Mar 2023.

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References · 1

  1. 2021Deep learning-based synthetic-CT generation in radiotherapy and PET: a reviewcited by 28

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Cited by year (2026 to 7 Oct)

Citing papers per year: 2023: 5; 2024: 13; 2025: 21; 2026: 14.

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  1. 2025HealthGPT: A Medical Large Vision-Language Model for Unifying Comprehension and Generation via Heterogeneous Knowledge Adaptationcited by 112
  2. 2025SynthRAD2025 Grand Challenge dataset: generating synthetic CTs for radiotherapycited by 27
  3. 20233DGR-CT: Sparse-View CT Reconstruction with a 3D Gaussian Representationcited by 24
  4. 2023MedPrompt: Cross-Modal Prompting for Multi-Task Medical Image Translationcited by 13
  5. 2024MambaMorph: a Mamba-based Framework for Medical MR-CT Deformable Registrationcited by 9
  6. 2024Soft Masked Mamba Diffusion Model for CT to MRI Conversioncited by 7
  7. 2023SAMScore: A Content Structural Similarity Metric for Image Translation Evaluationcited by 6
  8. 2023FDDM: Unsupervised Medical Image Translation with a Frequency-Decoupled Diffusion Modelcited by 6
  9. 2024VMambaMorph: a Multi-Modality Deformable Image Registration Framework based on Visual State Space Model with Cross-Scan Modulecited by 6
  10. 2024Artifact Reduction in 3D and 4D Cone-beam Computed Tomography Images with Deep Learning -- A Reviewcited by 5
  11. 2024Non-Reference Quality Assessment for Medical Imaging: Application to Synthetic Brain MRIscited by 4
  12. 2024Anatomical feature-prioritized loss for enhanced MR to CT translationcited by 4
38 more
  1. 2024Multi-resolution Guided 3D GANs for Medical Image Translationcited by 4
  2. 2024Large Language Models for Multimodal Deformable Image Registrationcited by 3
  3. 2025Conditional Diffusion Models for CT Image Synthesis from CBCT: A Systematic Reviewcited by 3
  4. 2025Adaptation of Foundation Models for Medical Image Analysis: Strategies, Challenges, and Future Directionscited by 3
  5. 2024Boosting Medical Image Synthesis via Registration-guided Consistency and Disentanglement Learningcited by 2
  6. 2025seg2med: a bridge from artificial anatomy to multimodal medical imagescited by 2
  7. 2026Contrast-X: A Multi-Modal Contrast Image Synthesis Benchmark and Universal Modality Flow Matchingcited by 2
  8. 2026MRI-to-CT synthesis using drifting modelscited by 2
  9. 2024Enhancing Cross-Modality Synthesis: Subvolume Merging for MRI-to-CT Conversioncited by 1
  10. 2024Unsupervised Skull Segmentation via Contrastive MR-to-CT Modality Translationcited by 1
  11. 2025Segmentation-Guided CT Synthesis with Pixel-Wise Conformal Uncertainty Boundscited by 1
  12. 2025FermatSyn: SAM2-Enhanced Bidirectional Mamba with Isotropic Spiral Scanning for Multi-Modal Medical Image Synthesiscited by 1
  13. 2025Computationally Efficient Diffusion Models in Medical Imaging: A Comprehensive Reviewcited by 1
  14. 2025Enhancing Synthetic CT from CBCT via Multimodal Fusion: A Study on the Impact of CBCT Quality and Alignmentcited by 1
  15. 2025UniFuse: A Unified All-in-One Framework for Multi-Modal Medical Image Fusion Under Diverse Degradations and Misalignmentscited by 1
  16. 2025GANeXt: A Fully ConvNeXt-Enhanced Generative Adversarial Network for MRI- and CBCT-to-CT Synthesiscited by 1
  17. 2026Eliminating Registration Bias in Synthetic CT Generation: A Physics-Based Simulation Frameworkcited by 1
  18. 2026Unpaired Image-to-Image Translation via a Self-Supervised Semantic Bridgecited by 1
  19. 2026Cross Modality Image Translation In Medical Imaging Using Generative Frameworkscited by 1
  20. 2023A multi-channel cycleGAN for CBCT to CT synthesiscited by 0
  21. 2024Self-Supervised Modality-Agnostic Pre-Training of Swin Transformerscited by 0
  22. 2024Deep learning-based brain segmentation model performance validation with clinical radiotherapy CTcited by 0
  23. 2025Structure-Accurate Medical Image Translation via Dynamic Frequency Balance and Knowledge Guidancecited by 0
  24. 2025Path and Bone-Contour Regularized Unpaired MRI-to-CT Translationcited by 0
  25. 2025TissUnet: Improved Extracranial Tissue and Cranium Segmentation for Children through Adulthoodcited by 0
  26. 2025Towards 3D Semantic Image Synthesis for Medical Imagingcited by 0
  27. 2025Enhancing Synthetic CT from CBCT via Multimodal Fusion and End-To-End Registrationcited by 0
  28. 2025Subcortical Masks Generation in CT Images via Ensemble-Based Cross-Domain Label Transfercited by 0
  29. 2025Towards Diagnostic Quality Flat-Panel Detector CT Imaging Using Diffusion Modelscited by 0
  30. 2025Building Trust in Virtual Immunohistochemistry: Automated Assessment of Image Qualitycited by 0
  31. 2025ReBrain: Brain MRI Reconstruction from Sparse CT Slice via Retrieval-Augmented Diffusioncited by 0
  32. 2025Energy-Efficient Federated Learning via Adaptive Encoder Freezing for MRI-to-CT Conversion: A Green AI-Guided Researchcited by 0
  33. 2026Parallel Swin Transformer-Enhanced 3D MRI-to-CT Synthesis for MRI-Only Radiotherapy Planningcited by 0
  34. 2026RAFM: Retrieval-Augmented Flow Matching for Unpaired CBCT-to-CT Translationcited by 0
  35. 2026Mamba-driven MRI-to-CT Synthesis for MRI-only Radiotherapy Planningcited by 0
  36. 2026SynerMedGen: Synergizing Medical Multimodal Understanding with Generation via Task Alignmentcited by 0
  37. 2026MirrorNet: Can Medical Image Anonymization Really Protect Patient Identity?cited by 0
  38. 2026Compositional Cross-Modality Translation via Whole-Volume Multitask Latent Flow Matchingcited by 0

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