mlsanityData to 14 Oct 2026

Logical Implications for Visual Question Answering Consistency

arXiv 2303.09427 ↗First posted 16 Mar 2023cs.CVcited by 6

On the map: LLM reasoning → Multimodal reasoning

Abstract (arXiv)

Despite considerable recent progress in Visual Question Answering (VQA) models, inconsistent or contradictory answers continue to cast doubt on their true reasoning capabilities. However, most proposed methods use indirect strategies or strong assumptions on pairs of questions and answers to enforce model consistency. Instead, we propose a novel strategy intended to improve model performance by directly reducing logical inconsistencies. To do this, we introduce a new consistency loss term that can be used by a wide range of the VQA models and which relies on knowing the logical relation between pairs of questions and answers. While such information is typically not available in VQA datasets, we propose to infer these logical relations using a dedicated language model and use these in our proposed consistency loss function. We conduct extensive experiments on the VQA Introspect and DME datasets and show that our method brings improvements to state-of-the-art VQA models, while being robust across different architectures and settings.

Key facts. Cited by 6 papers in the map (data through 14 Oct 2026). Placed in Multimodal reasoning, one of 17 directions in LLM reasoning. Builds on 40 of its 63 references that are in the map. First posted on arXiv 16 Mar 2023.

Builds on

40 of 63 references.

References · 40

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28 more
  1. 2020PathVQA: 30000+ Questions for Medical Visual Question Answeringcited by 475
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  3. 2018Bilinear Attention Networkscited by 280
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  5. 2020Counterfactual Samples Synthesizing for Robust Visual Question Answeringcited by 153
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  8. 2019Towards Causal VQA: Revealing and Reducing Spurious Correlations by Invariant and Covariant Semantic Editingcited by 108
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  12. 2021Beyond Question-Based Biases: Assessing Multimodal Shortcut Learning in Visual Question Answeringcited by 71
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  14. 2021Multiple Meta-model Quantifying for Medical Visual Question Answeringcited by 54
  15. 2020VQA-LOL: Visual Question Answering under the Lens of Logiccited by 48
  16. 2022Grounding Answers for Visual Questions Asked by Visually Impaired Peoplecited by 47
  17. 2022SwapMix: Diagnosing and Regularizing the Over-Reliance on Visual Context in Visual Question Answeringcited by 38
  18. 2021Dual-Key Multimodal Backdoors for Visual Question Answeringcited by 37
  19. 2019Sunny and Dark Outside?! Improving Answer Consistency in VQA through Entailed Question Generationcited by 36
  20. 2022MuKEA: Multimodal Knowledge Extraction and Accumulation for Knowledge-based Visual Question Answeringcited by 36
  21. 2021Greedy Gradient Ensemble for Robust Visual Question Answeringcited by 34
  22. 2020A Question-Centric Model for Visual Question Answering in Medical Imagingcited by 23
  23. 2021Auto-Parsing Network for Image Captioning and Visual Question Answeringcited by 16
  24. 2021Weakly Supervised Relative Spatial Reasoning for Visual Question Answeringcited by 12
  25. 2020Hierarchical Deep Multi-modal Network for Medical Visual Question Answeringcited by 11
  26. 2022Consistency-preserving Visual Question Answering in Medical Imagingcited by 10
  27. 2019On Incorporating Semantic Prior Knowledge in Deep Learning Through Embedding-Space Constraintscited by 5
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Built on by

Cited by year (2026 to 14 Oct)

Citing papers per year: 2023: 2; 2024: 2; 2025: 0; 2026: 2.

6 papers.

Similar, not cited

Close in wording, no citation either way

  1. 2024A Comprehensive Survey on Visual Question Answering Datasets and Algorithms
  2. 2026Identifying and Resolving Pitfalls of Knowledge-Based VQA Benchmarks: Auditing, Repairing, and Augmenting
  3. 2025Exploring Advanced Techniques for Visual Question Answering: A Comprehensive Comparison
  4. 2026AQuA: Toward Strategic Response Generation for Ambiguous Visual Questions
  5. 2021'Just because you are right, doesn't mean I am wrong': Overcoming a Bottleneck in the Development and Evaluation of Open-Ended Visual Question Answering (VQA) Tasks
  6. 2025Teaching Vision-Language Models to Ask: Resolving Ambiguity in Visual Questions
  7. 2022A-OKVQA: A Benchmark for Visual Question Answering using World Knowledge
  8. 2024Natural Language Understanding and Inference with MLLM in Visual Question Answering: A Survey