Full Duplex Holographic MIMO for Near-Field Integrated Sensing and Communications

This paper presents an in-band Full Duplex (FD) integrated sensing and communications system comprising a holographic Multiple-Input Multiple-Output (MIMO) base station, which is capable to simultaneously communicate with multiple users in the downlink direction, while sensing targets being randomly distributed within its coverage area. Considering near-field wireless operation at THz frequencies, the FD node adopts dynamic metasurface antenna panels for both transmission and reception, which consist of massive numbers of sub-wavelength-spaced metamaterials, enabling reduced cost and power consumption analog precoding and combining. We devise an optimization framework for the FD node's reconfigurable parameters with the dual objective of maximizing the targets' parameters estimation accuracy and the downlink communication performance. Our simulation results verify the integrated sensing and communications capability of the proposed FD holographic MIMO system, showcasing the interplays among its various design parameters.