UserSimCRS: A User Simulation Toolkit for Evaluating Conversational Recommender Systems
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Abstract (arXiv)
We present an extensible user simulation toolkit to facilitate automatic evaluation of conversational recommender systems. It builds on an established agenda-based approach and extends it with several novel elements, including user satisfaction prediction, persona and context modeling, and conditional natural language generation. We showcase the toolkit with a pre-existing movie recommender system and demonstrate its ability to simulate dialogues that mimic real conversations, while requiring only a handful of manually annotated dialogues as training data.
Key facts. Cited by 11 papers in the map (data through 14 Oct 2026). First posted on arXiv 13 Jan 2023.
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Citing papers per year: 2023: 4; 2024: 4; 2025: 2; 2026: 1.
11 papers.
- 2023Let the LLMs Talk: Simulating Human-to-Human Conversational QA via Zero-Shot LLM-to-LLM Interactionscited by 70
- 2023Rethinking the Evaluation for Conversational Recommendation in the Era of Large Language Modelscited by 48
- 2024Interactive Agents: Simulating Counselor-Client Psychological Counseling via Role-Playing LLM-to-LLM Interactionscited by 43
- 2023User Simulation for Evaluating Information Access Systemscited by 31
- 2026ConvApparel: A Benchmark Dataset and Validation Framework for User Simulators in Conversational Recommenderscited by 12
- 2024Concept -- An Evaluation Protocol on Conversational Recommender Systems with System-centric and User-centric Factorscited by 9
- 2025Human vs. Agent in Task-Oriented Conversationscited by 9
- 2024CXSimulator: A User Behavior Simulation using LLM Embeddings for Web-Marketing Campaign Assessmentcited by 8
- 2024Multi-trait User Simulation with Adaptive Decoding for Conversational Task Assistantscited by 5
- 2023Grading Conversational Responses Of Chatbotscited by 1
- 2025Synthetic Dialogue Generation for Interactive Conversational Elicitation & Recommendation (ICER)cited by 1
- 2026ConvApparel: A Benchmark Dataset and Validation Framework for User Simulators in Conversational Recommenders18 Feb 2026
- 2025Synthetic Dialogue Generation for Interactive Conversational Elicitation & Recommendation (ICER)26 Sep 2025
- 2025Human vs. Agent in Task-Oriented Conversations22 Sep 2025
- 2024Multi-trait User Simulation with Adaptive Decoding for Conversational Task Assistants16 Oct 2024
- 2024Interactive Agents: Simulating Counselor-Client Psychological Counseling via Role-Playing LLM-to-LLM Interactions28 Aug 2024
- 2024CXSimulator: A User Behavior Simulation using LLM Embeddings for Web-Marketing Campaign Assessment31 Jul 2024
- 2024Concept -- An Evaluation Protocol on Conversational Recommender Systems with System-centric and User-centric Factors4 Apr 2024
- 2023Let the LLMs Talk: Simulating Human-to-Human Conversational QA via Zero-Shot LLM-to-LLM Interactions5 Dec 2023
- 2023User Simulation for Evaluating Information Access Systems14 Jun 2023
- 2023Rethinking the Evaluation for Conversational Recommendation in the Era of Large Language Models22 May 2023
- 2023Grading Conversational Responses Of Chatbots1 Feb 2023