Questioning the Validity of Summarization Datasets and Improving Their Factual Consistency
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Abstract (arXiv)
The topic of summarization evaluation has recently attracted a surge of attention due to the rapid development of abstractive summarization systems. However, the formulation of the task is rather ambiguous, neither the linguistic nor the natural language processing community has succeeded in giving a mutually agreed-upon definition. Due to this lack of well-defined formulation, a large number of popular abstractive summarization datasets are constructed in a manner that neither guarantees validity nor meets one of the most essential criteria of summarization: factual consistency. In this paper, we address this issue by combining state-of-the-art factual consistency models to identify the problematic instances present in popular summarization datasets. We release SummFC, a filtered summarization dataset with improved factual consistency, and demonstrate that models trained on this dataset achieve improved performance in nearly all quality aspects. We argue that our dataset should become a valid benchmark for developing and evaluating summarization systems.
Key facts. Cited by 9 papers in the map (data through 14 Oct 2026). Builds on 24 of its 32 references that are in the map. First posted on arXiv 31 Oct 2022.
Builds on
24 of 32 references.
References · 24
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12 more
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Built on by
Citing papers per year: 2023: 3; 2024: 3; 2025: 2; 2026: 1.
9 papers.
- 2023The Curious Decline of Linguistic Diversity: Training Language Models on Synthetic Textcited by 100
- 2024Multi-News+: Cost-efficient Dataset Cleansing via LLM-based Data Annotationcited by 16
- 2025Batayan: A Filipino NLP benchmark for evaluating Large Language Modelscited by 5
- 2023PSentScore: Evaluating Sentiment Polarity in Dialogue Summarizationcited by 4
- 2023Can GPT models Follow Human Summarization Guidelines? A Study for Targeted Communication Goalscited by 4
- 2024Improving Factual Error Correction for Abstractive Summarization via Data Distillation and Conditional-generation Clozecited by 0
- 2024Revealing Trends in Datasets from the 2022 ACL and EMNLP Conferencescited by 0
- 2025MMCIG: Multimodal Cover Image Generation for Text-only Documents and Its Dataset Construction via Pseudo-labelingcited by 0
- 2026Averaging Bias: Human Faithfulness Annotations are not Locally Faithfulcited by 0
- 2026Averaging Bias: Human Faithfulness Annotations are not Locally Faithful31 Jul 2026
- 2025MMCIG: Multimodal Cover Image Generation for Text-only Documents and Its Dataset Construction via Pseudo-labeling24 Aug 2025
- 2025Batayan: A Filipino NLP benchmark for evaluating Large Language Models19 Feb 2025
- 2024Multi-News+: Cost-efficient Dataset Cleansing via LLM-based Data Annotation15 Apr 2024
- 2024Revealing Trends in Datasets from the 2022 ACL and EMNLP Conferences31 Mar 2024
- 2024Improving Factual Error Correction for Abstractive Summarization via Data Distillation and Conditional-generation Cloze13 Feb 2024
- 2023The Curious Decline of Linguistic Diversity: Training Language Models on Synthetic Text16 Nov 2023
- 2023Can GPT models Follow Human Summarization Guidelines? A Study for Targeted Communication Goals25 Oct 2023
- 2023PSentScore: Evaluating Sentiment Polarity in Dialogue Summarization23 Jul 2023
Similar, not cited
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- 2023Evaluating Factual Consistency of Summaries with Large Language Models
- 2022On Improving Summarization Factual Consistency from Natural Language Feedback
- 2026Optimising Factual Consistency in Summarisation via Preference Learning from Multiple Imperfect Metrics
- 2024Abstractive Text Summarization: State of the Art, Challenges, and Improvements
- 2024Factual Dialogue Summarization via Learning from Large Language Models
- 2023Large Language Models are Not Yet Human-Level Evaluators for Abstractive Summarization
- 2025Understanding LLM Reasoning for Abstractive Summarization
- 2025Agent-as-Judge for Factual Summarization of Long Narratives