Adjusting for Bias with Procedural Data
Not on the map. Why?
Abstract (arXiv)
3D softwares are now capable of producing highly realistic images that look nearly indistinguishable from the real images. This raises the question: can real datasets be enhanced with 3D rendered data? We investigate this question. In this paper we demonstrate the use of 3D rendered data, procedural, data for the adjustment of bias in image datasets. We perform error analysis of images of animals which shows that the misclassification of some animal breeds is largely a data issue. We then create procedural images of the poorly classified breeds and that model further trained on procedural data can better classify poorly performing breeds on real data. We believe that this approach can be used for the enhancement of visual data for any underrepresented group, including rare diseases, or any data bias potentially improving the accuracy and fairness of models. We find that the resulting representations rival or even out-perform those learned directly from real data, but that good performance requires care in the 3D rendered procedural data generation. 3D image dataset can be viewed as a compressed and organized copy of a real dataset, and we envision a future where more and more procedural data proliferate while datasets become increasingly unwieldy, missing, or private. This paper suggests several techniques for dealing with visual representation learning in such a future.
Key facts. Cited by 6 papers in the map (data through 7 Oct 2026). Builds on 9 of its 21 references that are in the map. First posted on arXiv 3 Apr 2022.
Builds on
9 of 21 references.
References · 9
- 2018Model Cards for Model Reportingcited by 1,068
- 2020Closing the AI Accountability Gap: Defining an End-to-End Framework for Internal Algorithmic Auditingcited by 380
- 20163D Menagerie: Modeling the 3D shape and pose of animalscited by 310
- 2019Three-D Safari: Learning to Estimate Zebra Pose, Shape, and Texture from Images "In the Wild"cited by 106
- 2021Learning to See by Looking at Noisecited by 92
- 2020Saving Face: Investigating the Ethical Concerns of Facial Recognition Auditingcited by 89
- 2018Creatures great and SMAL: Recovering the shape and motion of animals from videocited by 84
- 2017Cross-Domain Self-supervised Multi-task Feature Learning using Synthetic Imagerycited by 56
- 2020Imperfect ImaGANation: Implications of GANs Exacerbating Biases on Facial Data Augmentation and Snapchat Selfie Lensescited by 27
Built on by
Citing papers per year: 2023: 2; 2024: 2; 2025: 1; 2026: 1.
6 papers.
- 2023CVB: A Video Dataset of Cattle Visual Behaviorscited by 4
- 2023Learning to Generate Parameters of ConvNets for Unseen Image Datacited by 0
- 2024Audio-Infused Automatic Image Colorization by Exploiting Audio Scene Semanticscited by 0
- 2024Improving the Accessibility of Dating Websites for Individuals with Visual Impairmentscited by 0
- 2025A Review on Coarse to Fine-Grained Animal Action Recognitioncited by 0
- 2026When Generative Augmentation Hurts: A Benchmark Study of GAN and Diffusion Models for Bias Correction in AI Classification Systemscited by 0
- 2026When Generative Augmentation Hurts: A Benchmark Study of GAN and Diffusion Models for Bias Correction in AI Classification Systems17 Mar 2026
- 2025A Review on Coarse to Fine-Grained Animal Action Recognition1 Jun 2025
- 2024Improving the Accessibility of Dating Websites for Individuals with Visual Impairments23 Sep 2024
- 2024Audio-Infused Automatic Image Colorization by Exploiting Audio Scene Semantics24 Jan 2024
- 2023Learning to Generate Parameters of ConvNets for Unseen Image Data18 Oct 2023
- 2023CVB: A Video Dataset of Cattle Visual Behaviors26 May 2023