One Agent To Rule Them All: Towards Multi-agent Conversational AI
Not on the map. Why?
Abstract (arXiv)
The increasing volume of commercially available conversational agents (CAs) on the market has resulted in users being burdened with learning and adopting multiple agents to accomplish their tasks. Though prior work has explored supporting a multitude of domains within the design of a single agent, the interaction experience suffers due to the large action space of desired capabilities. To address these problems, we introduce a new task BBAI: Black-Box Agent Integration, focusing on combining the capabilities of multiple black-box CAs at scale. We explore two techniques: question agent pairing and question response pairing aimed at resolving this task. Leveraging these techniques, we design One For All (OFA), a scalable system that provides a unified interface to interact with multiple CAs. Additionally, we introduce MARS: Multi-Agent Response Selection, a new encoder model for question response pairing that jointly encodes user question and agent response pairs. We demonstrate that OFA is able to automatically and accurately integrate an ensemble of commercially available CAs spanning disparate domains. Specifically, using the MARS encoder we achieve the highest accuracy on our BBAI task, outperforming strong baselines.
Key facts. Cited by 11 papers in the map (data through 7 Oct 2026). Builds on 9 of its 28 references that are in the map. First posted on arXiv 15 Mar 2022.
Builds on
9 of 28 references.
References · 9
- 2018BERT: Pre-training of Deep Bidirectional Transformers for Language Understandingcited by 40,204
- 2019RoBERTa: A Robustly Optimized BERT Pretraining Approachcited by 13,266
- 2019Sentence-BERT: Sentence Embeddings using Siamese BERT-Networkscited by 9,049
- 2019An Evaluation Dataset for Intent Classification and Out-of-Scope Predictioncited by 378
- 2019Multilingual Universal Sentence Encoder for Semantic Retrievalcited by 192
- 2019Poly-encoders: Transformer Architectures and Pre-training Strategies for Fast and Accurate Multi-sentence Scoringcited by 164
- 2019ConveRT: Efficient and Accurate Conversational Representations from Transformerscited by 95
- 2020Response Selection for Multi-Party Conversations with Dynamic Topic Trackingcited by 26
- 2020Evaluating Dialogue Generation Systems via Response Selectioncited by 9
Built on by
Citing papers per year: 2022: 1; 2023: 4; 2024: 3; 2025: 2; 2026: 1.
11 papers.
- 2024REAPER: Reasoning based Retrieval Planning for Complex RAG Systemscited by 16
- 2024Multi-Agents are Social Groups: Investigating Social Influence of Multiple Agents in Human-Agent Interactionscited by 16
- 2023Parameter-Efficient Low-Resource Dialogue State Tracking by Prompt Tuningcited by 8
- 2022Redwood: Using Collision Detection to Grow a Large-Scale Intent Classification Datasetcited by 6
- 2024One Agent Too Many: User Perspectives on Approaches to Multi-agent Conversational AIcited by 4
- 2025Multi-Agent Retrieval-Augmented Framework for Evidence-Based Counterspeech Against Health Misinformationcited by 3
- 2023A Reference Model for Collaborative Business Intelligence Virtual Assistantscited by 0
- 2023Label Agnostic Pre-training for Zero-shot Text Classificationcited by 0
- 2023TESS: A Multi-intent Parser for Conversational Multi-Agent Systems with Decentralized Natural Language Understanding Modelscited by 0
- 2025Living the Novel: A System for Generating Self-Training Timeline-Aware Conversational Agents from Novelscited by 0
- 2026Thinking Is Not Telling: Information Disclosure in User-Service LLM Agentscited by 0
- 2026Thinking Is Not Telling: Information Disclosure in User-Service LLM Agents8 Feb 2026
- 2025Living the Novel: A System for Generating Self-Training Timeline-Aware Conversational Agents from Novels8 Dec 2025
- 2025Multi-Agent Retrieval-Augmented Framework for Evidence-Based Counterspeech Against Health Misinformation9 Jul 2025
- 2024Multi-Agents are Social Groups: Investigating Social Influence of Multiple Agents in Human-Agent Interactions7 Nov 2024
- 2024REAPER: Reasoning based Retrieval Planning for Complex RAG Systems26 Jul 2024
- 2024One Agent Too Many: User Perspectives on Approaches to Multi-agent Conversational AI13 Jan 2024
- 2023TESS: A Multi-intent Parser for Conversational Multi-Agent Systems with Decentralized Natural Language Understanding Models19 Dec 2023
- 2023Label Agnostic Pre-training for Zero-shot Text Classification25 May 2023
- 2023A Reference Model for Collaborative Business Intelligence Virtual Assistants20 Apr 2023
- 2023Parameter-Efficient Low-Resource Dialogue State Tracking by Prompt Tuning26 Jan 2023
- 2022Redwood: Using Collision Detection to Grow a Large-Scale Intent Classification Dataset12 Apr 2022