Spiking Neural Network Integrated Circuits: A Review of Trends and Future Directions
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Abstract (arXiv)
In this paper, we reviewed Spiking neural network (SNN) integrated circuit designs and analyzed the trends among mixed-signal cores, fully digital cores and large-scale, multi-core designs. Recently reported SNN integrated circuits are compared under three broad categories: (a) Large-scale multi-core designs that have dedicated NOC for spike routing, (b) digital single-core designs and (c) mixed-signal single-core designs. Finally, we finish the paper with some directions for future progress.
Key facts. Cited by 27 papers in the map (data through 7 Oct 2026). First posted on arXiv 14 Mar 2022.
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Citing papers per year: 2023: 8; 2024: 8; 2025: 8; 2026: 3.
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- 2023Spike-driven Transformercited by 141
- 2023Speck: A Smart event-based Vision Sensor with a low latency 327K Neuron Convolutional Neuronal Network Processing Pipelinecited by 50
- 2024SpikeLM: Towards General Spike-Driven Language Modeling via Elastic Bi-Spiking Mechanismscited by 31
- 2024Spiker+: a framework for the generation of efficient Spiking Neural Networks FPGA accelerators for inference at the edgecited by 18
- 2023TopSpark: A Timestep Optimization Methodology for Energy-Efficient Spiking Neural Networks on Autonomous Mobile Agentscited by 14
- 2024SpikeNAS: A Fast Memory-Aware Neural Architecture Search Framework for Spiking Neural Network-based Embedded AI Systemscited by 12
- 2023To Spike or Not To Spike: A Digital Hardware Perspective on Deep Learning Accelerationcited by 10
- 2023Design Principles for Lifelong Learning AI Acceleratorscited by 9
- 2025Towards Effective and Sparse Adversarial Attack on Spiking Neural Networks via Breaking Invisible Surrogate Gradientscited by 9
- 2024Embodied Neuromorphic Artificial Intelligence for Robotics: Perspectives, Challenges, and Research Development Stackcited by 7
- 2024Continual Learning with Neuromorphic Computing: Foundations, Methods, and Emerging Applicationscited by 7
- 2023RescueSNN: Enabling Reliable Executions on Spiking Neural Network Accelerators under Permanent Faultscited by 6
15 more
- 2025Enabling Efficient Processing of Spiking Neural Networks with On-Chip Learning on Commodity Neuromorphic Processors for Edge AI Systemscited by 4
- 2023Combining SNNs with Filtering for Efficient Neural Decoding in Implantable Brain-Machine Interfacescited by 3
- 2024SpikeExplorer: hardware-oriented Design Space Exploration for Spiking Neural Networks on FPGAcited by 3
- 2025Spiking Neural Networks Need High Frequency Informationcited by 3
- 2026A Survey on the Green Development of Large Models: From Resource-Efficient Architectures to Hardware-Software Co-Designcited by 3
- 2023Neural Network Methods for Radiation Detectors and Imagingcited by 2
- 2025Edge Intelligence with Spiking Neural Networkscited by 2
- 2024NeuroNAS: Enhancing Efficiency of Neuromorphic In-Memory Computing for Intelligent Mobile Agents through Hardware-Aware Spiking Neural Architecture Searchcited by 1
- 2025Hardware-Accelerated Event-Graph Neural Networks for Low-Latency Time-Series Classification on SoC FPGAcited by 1
- 2024SpiDR: A Reconfigurable Digital Compute-in-Memory Spiking Neural Network Accelerator for Event-based Perceptioncited by 0
- 2025Closed-loop control of seizure activity via real-time seizure forecasting by reservoir neuromorphic computingcited by 0
- 2025Spiking Brain Compression: Post-Training Second-order Compression for Spiking Neural Networkscited by 0
- 2025An energy-efficient spiking neural network with continuous learning for self-adaptive brain-machine interfacecited by 0
- 2026PSViT: A Methodology for Structurally Pruning Spiking Vision Transformerscited by 0
- 2026PrimeSVT: An Automated Memory-aware Pruning Framework with Prioritized Compression Policy for Spiking Vision Transformerscited by 0
- 2026A Survey on the Green Development of Large Models: From Resource-Efficient Architectures to Hardware-Software Co-Design10 Jul 2026
- 2026PrimeSVT: An Automated Memory-aware Pruning Framework with Prioritized Compression Policy for Spiking Vision Transformers2 Jun 2026
- 2026PSViT: A Methodology for Structurally Pruning Spiking Vision Transformers2 Jun 2026
- 2025An energy-efficient spiking neural network with continuous learning for self-adaptive brain-machine interface27 Nov 2025
- 2025Edge Intelligence with Spiking Neural Networks18 Jul 2025
- 2025Spiking Brain Compression: Post-Training Second-order Compression for Spiking Neural Networks4 Jun 2025
- 2025Spiking Neural Networks Need High Frequency Information24 May 2025
- 2025Closed-loop control of seizure activity via real-time seizure forecasting by reservoir neuromorphic computing4 May 2025
- 2025Enabling Efficient Processing of Spiking Neural Networks with On-Chip Learning on Commodity Neuromorphic Processors for Edge AI Systems1 Apr 2025
- 2025Hardware-Accelerated Event-Graph Neural Networks for Low-Latency Time-Series Classification on SoC FPGA9 Mar 2025
- 2025Towards Effective and Sparse Adversarial Attack on Spiking Neural Networks via Breaking Invisible Surrogate Gradients5 Mar 2025
- 2024SpiDR: A Reconfigurable Digital Compute-in-Memory Spiking Neural Network Accelerator for Event-based Perception5 Nov 2024
15 more
- 2024Continual Learning with Neuromorphic Computing: Foundations, Methods, and Emerging Applications11 Oct 2024
- 2024NeuroNAS: Enhancing Efficiency of Neuromorphic In-Memory Computing for Intelligent Mobile Agents through Hardware-Aware Spiking Neural Architecture Search30 Jun 2024
- 2024SpikeLM: Towards General Spike-Driven Language Modeling via Elastic Bi-Spiking Mechanisms5 Jun 2024
- 2024SpikeExplorer: hardware-oriented Design Space Exploration for Spiking Neural Networks on FPGA4 Apr 2024
- 2024Embodied Neuromorphic Artificial Intelligence for Robotics: Perspectives, Challenges, and Research Development Stack4 Apr 2024
- 2024SpikeNAS: A Fast Memory-Aware Neural Architecture Search Framework for Spiking Neural Network-based Embedded AI Systems17 Feb 2024
- 2024Spiker+: a framework for the generation of efficient Spiking Neural Networks FPGA accelerators for inference at the edge2 Jan 2024
- 2023Combining SNNs with Filtering for Efficient Neural Decoding in Implantable Brain-Machine Interfaces26 Dec 2023
- 2023Neural Network Methods for Radiation Detectors and Imaging9 Nov 2023
- 2023Design Principles for Lifelong Learning AI Accelerators5 Oct 2023
- 2023Spike-driven Transformer4 Jul 2023
- 2023To Spike or Not To Spike: A Digital Hardware Perspective on Deep Learning Acceleration27 Jun 2023
- 2023Speck: A Smart event-based Vision Sensor with a low latency 327K Neuron Convolutional Neuronal Network Processing Pipeline13 Apr 2023
- 2023RescueSNN: Enabling Reliable Executions on Spiking Neural Network Accelerators under Permanent Faults8 Apr 2023
- 2023TopSpark: A Timestep Optimization Methodology for Energy-Efficient Spiking Neural Networks on Autonomous Mobile Agents3 Mar 2023
- 2023Spike-driven Transformercited by 141
- 2023Speck: A Smart event-based Vision Sensor with a low latency 327K Neuron Convolutional Neuronal Network Processing Pipelinecited by 50
- 2024SpikeLM: Towards General Spike-Driven Language Modeling via Elastic Bi-Spiking Mechanismscited by 31
- 2024Spiker+: a framework for the generation of efficient Spiking Neural Networks FPGA accelerators for inference at the edgecited by 18
- 2024SpikeNAS: A Fast Memory-Aware Neural Architecture Search Framework for Spiking Neural Network-based Embedded AI Systemscited by 12
- 2023To Spike or Not To Spike: A Digital Hardware Perspective on Deep Learning Accelerationcited by 10
- 2023Design Principles for Lifelong Learning AI Acceleratorscited by 9
- 2025Towards Effective and Sparse Adversarial Attack on Spiking Neural Networks via Breaking Invisible Surrogate Gradientscited by 9
- 2024Embodied Neuromorphic Artificial Intelligence for Robotics: Perspectives, Challenges, and Research Development Stackcited by 7
- 2024Continual Learning with Neuromorphic Computing: Foundations, Methods, and Emerging Applicationscited by 7
- 2023RescueSNN: Enabling Reliable Executions on Spiking Neural Network Accelerators under Permanent Faultscited by 6
- 2025Enabling Efficient Processing of Spiking Neural Networks with On-Chip Learning on Commodity Neuromorphic Processors for Edge AI Systemscited by 4
12 most cited of 26 All 26 (JSON)
- 2026A Survey on the Green Development of Large Models: From Resource-Efficient Architectures to Hardware-Software Co-Design10 Jul 2026
- 2026PrimeSVT: An Automated Memory-aware Pruning Framework with Prioritized Compression Policy for Spiking Vision Transformers2 Jun 2026
- 2026PSViT: A Methodology for Structurally Pruning Spiking Vision Transformers2 Jun 2026
- 2025An energy-efficient spiking neural network with continuous learning for self-adaptive brain-machine interface27 Nov 2025
- 2025Edge Intelligence with Spiking Neural Networks18 Jul 2025
- 2025Spiking Brain Compression: Post-Training Second-order Compression for Spiking Neural Networks4 Jun 2025
- 2025Spiking Neural Networks Need High Frequency Information24 May 2025
- 2025Closed-loop control of seizure activity via real-time seizure forecasting by reservoir neuromorphic computing4 May 2025
- 2025Enabling Efficient Processing of Spiking Neural Networks with On-Chip Learning on Commodity Neuromorphic Processors for Edge AI Systems1 Apr 2025
- 2025Hardware-Accelerated Event-Graph Neural Networks for Low-Latency Time-Series Classification on SoC FPGA9 Mar 2025
- 2025Towards Effective and Sparse Adversarial Attack on Spiking Neural Networks via Breaking Invisible Surrogate Gradients5 Mar 2025
- 2024SpiDR: A Reconfigurable Digital Compute-in-Memory Spiking Neural Network Accelerator for Event-based Perception5 Nov 2024
12 newest of 26 All 26 (JSON)