mlsanityData to 7 Oct 2026

Reasoning over Hybrid Chain for Table-and-Text Open Domain QA

arXiv 2201.05880 ↗First posted 15 Jan 2022cs.CLcited by 10

On the map: LLM reasoning → Knowledge- and tool-augmented reasoning

Abstract (arXiv)

Tabular and textual question answering requires systems to perform reasoning over heterogeneous information, considering table structure, and the connections among table and text. In this paper, we propose a ChAin-centric Reasoning and Pre-training framework (CARP). CARP utilizes hybrid chain to model the explicit intermediate reasoning process across table and text for question answering. We also propose a novel chain-centric pre-training method, to enhance the pre-trained model in identifying the cross-modality reasoning process and alleviating the data sparsity problem. This method constructs the large-scale reasoning corpus by synthesizing pseudo heterogeneous reasoning paths from Wikipedia and generating corresponding questions. We evaluate our system on OTT-QA, a large-scale table-and-text open-domain question answering benchmark, and our system achieves the state-of-the-art performance. Further analyses illustrate that the explicit hybrid chain offers substantial performance improvement and interpretablity of the intermediate reasoning process, and the chain-centric pre-training boosts the performance on the chain extraction.

Key facts. Cited by 10 papers in the map (data through 7 Oct 2026). Placed in Knowledge- and tool-augmented reasoning, one of 17 directions in LLM reasoning. Builds on 26 of its 29 references that are in the map. First posted on arXiv 15 Jan 2022.

Builds on

26 of 29 references.

References · 26

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14 more
  1. 2020HybridQA: A Dataset of Multi-Hop Question Answering over Tabular and Textual Datacited by 263
  2. 2017SearchQA: A New Q&A Dataset Augmented with Context from a Search Enginecited by 221
  3. 2017Constructing Datasets for Multi-hop Reading Comprehension Across Documentscited by 190
  4. 2020Open Question Answering over Tables and Textcited by 163
  5. 2019Learning to Retrieve Reasoning Paths over Wikipedia Graph for Question Answeringcited by 147
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  10. 2018Question Answering by Reasoning Across Documents with Graph Convolutional Networkscited by 56
  11. 2019Multi-hop Question Answering via Reasoning Chainscited by 42
  12. 2021Dual Reader-Parser on Hybrid Textual and Tabular Evidence for Open Domain Question Answeringcited by 25
  13. 2021Multi-modal Retrieval of Tables and Texts Using Tri-encoder Modelscited by 11
  14. 2020Learning to Recover Reasoning Chains for Multi-Hop Question Answering via Cooperative Gamescited by 2

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Citing papers per year: 2022: 5; 2023: 2; 2024: 3.

10 papers.

Similar, not cited

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  1. 2024Chain-of-Table: Evolving Tables in the Reasoning Chain for Table Understanding
  2. 2022ReasonChainQA: Text-based Complex Question Answering with Explainable Evidence Chains
  3. 2026From Chains to Graphs: Self-Structured Reasoning for General-Domain LLMs
  4. 2022Answering Numerical Reasoning Questions in Table-Text Hybrid Contents with Graph-based Encoder and Tree-based Decoder
  5. 2026Evolving from Lessons: Skill-Augmented Table Graph Reasoning for Operation-wise Table Question Answering
  6. 2025Beyond Chains: Bridging Large Language Models and Knowledge Bases in Complex Question Answering
  7. 2024TAT-LLM: A Specialized Language Model for Discrete Reasoning over Tabular and Textual Data
  8. 2023Answering Questions by Meta-Reasoning over Multiple Chains of Thought