ECLARE: Extreme Classification with Label Graph Correlations
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Abstract (arXiv)
Deep extreme classification (XC) seeks to train deep architectures that can tag a data point with its most relevant subset of labels from an extremely large label set. The core utility of XC comes from predicting labels that are rarely seen during training. Such rare labels hold the key to personalized recommendations that can delight and surprise a user. However, the large number of rare labels and small amount of training data per rare label offer significant statistical and computational challenges. State-of-the-art deep XC methods attempt to remedy this by incorporating textual descriptions of labels but do not adequately address the problem. This paper presents ECLARE, a scalable deep learning architecture that incorporates not only label text, but also label correlations, to offer accurate real-time predictions within a few milliseconds. Core contributions of ECLARE include a frugal architecture and scalable techniques to train deep models along with label correlation graphs at the scale of millions of labels. In particular, ECLARE offers predictions that are 2 to 14% more accurate on both publicly available benchmark datasets as well as proprietary datasets for a related products recommendation task sourced from the Bing search engine. Code for ECLARE is available at https://github.com/Extreme-classification/ECLARE.
Key facts. Cited by 38 papers in the map (data through 7 Oct 2026). Builds on 22 of its 52 references that are in the map. First posted on arXiv 31 Jul 2021.
Builds on
22 of 52 references.
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Citing papers per year: 2021: 4; 2022: 9; 2023: 13; 2024: 10; 2025: 1; 2026: 1.
38 papers.
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- 2023Data Distillation: A Surveycited by 86
- 2021Fast Multi-Resolution Transformer Fine-tuning for Extreme Multi-label Text Classificationcited by 66
- 2021DeepXML: A Deep Extreme Multi-Label Learning Framework Applied to Short Text Documentscited by 37
- 2022NGAME: Negative Mining-aware Mini-batching for Extreme Classificationcited by 32
- 2022Infinite Recommendation Networks: A Data-Centric Approachcited by 20
- 2023The Effect of Metadata on Scientific Literature Tagging: A Cross-Field Cross-Model Studycited by 17
- 2021Extreme Zero-Shot Learning for Extreme Text Classificationcited by 15
- 2023Off-Policy Evaluation for Large Action Spaces via Policy Convolutioncited by 14
- 2022CascadeXML: Rethinking Transformers for End-to-end Multi-resolution Training in Extreme Multi-label Classificationcited by 12
- 2022Metadata-Induced Contrastive Learning for Zero-Shot Multi-Label Text Classificationcited by 10
- 2021InceptionXML: A Lightweight Framework with Synchronized Negative Sampling for Short Text Extreme Classificationcited by 8
- 2022On Sampling Collaborative Filtering Datasetscited by 8
26 more
- 2022A Survey on Extreme Multi-label Learningcited by 7
- 2023PINA: Leveraging Side Information in eXtreme Multi-label Classification via Predicted Instance Neighborhood Aggregationcited by 7
- 2023Dual-Encoders for Extreme Multi-Label Classificationcited by 7
- 2023Generalized test utilities for long-tail performance in extreme multi-label classificationcited by 6
- 2022Unified Generative & Dense Retrieval for Query Rewriting in Sponsored Searchcited by 5
- 2023ICXML: An In-Context Learning Framework for Zero-Shot Extreme Multi-Label Classificationcited by 5
- 2023MatchXML: An Efficient Text-label Matching Framework for Extreme Multi-label Text Classificationcited by 3
- 2023Multi-modal Extreme Classificationcited by 3
- 2023Farzi Data: Autoregressive Data Distillationcited by 3
- 2024Learning label-label correlations in Extreme Multi-label Classification via Label Featurescited by 3
- 2024Navigating Extremes: Dynamic Sparsity in Large Output Spacescited by 3
- 2025Large Language Models Meet Extreme Multi-label Classification: Scaling and Multi-modal Frameworkcited by 3
- 2023Light-weight Deep Extreme Multilabel Classificationcited by 2
- 2023StyleEDL: Style-Guided High-order Attention Network for Image Emotion Distribution Learningcited by 2
- 2023Extreme Multilabel Classification for Specialist Doctor Recommendation with Implicit Feedback and Limited Patient Metadatacited by 2
- 2024Large Language Model as a Teacher for Zero-shot Tagging at Extreme Scalescited by 2
- 2024Prototypical Extreme Multi-label Classification with a Dynamic Margin Losscited by 2
- 2024Labels in Extremes: How Well Calibrated are Extreme Multi-label Classifiers?cited by 2
- 2022GUDN: A novel guide network with label reinforcement strategy for extreme multi-label text classificationcited by 1
- 2022Using Interventions to Improve Out-of-Distribution Generalization of Text-Matching Recommendation Systemscited by 1
- 2024Graph Regularized Encoder Training for Extreme Classificationcited by 1
- 2024UniDEC : Unified Dual Encoder and Classifier Training for Extreme Multi-Label Classificationcited by 1
- 2024CADC: Encoding User-Item Interactions for Compressing Recommendation Model Training Datacited by 1
- 2024On the Necessity of World Knowledge for Mitigating Missing Labels in Extreme Classificationcited by 0
- 2024ASTRA: Accurate and Scalable ANNS-based Training of Extreme Classifierscited by 0
- 2026Extreme Meta-Classification for Large-Scale Zero-Shot Retrievalcited by 0
- 2026Extreme Meta-Classification for Large-Scale Zero-Shot Retrieval23 Jun 2026
- 2025Large Language Models Meet Extreme Multi-label Classification: Scaling and Multi-modal Framework17 Nov 2025
- 2024Labels in Extremes: How Well Calibrated are Extreme Multi-label Classifiers?6 Nov 2024
- 2024Navigating Extremes: Dynamic Sparsity in Large Output Spaces5 Nov 2024
- 2024Prototypical Extreme Multi-label Classification with a Dynamic Margin Loss27 Oct 2024
- 2024ASTRA: Accurate and Scalable ANNS-based Training of Extreme Classifiers30 Sep 2024
- 2024On the Necessity of World Knowledge for Mitigating Missing Labels in Extreme Classification18 Aug 2024
- 2024CADC: Encoding User-Item Interactions for Compressing Recommendation Model Training Data11 Jul 2024
- 2024Large Language Model as a Teacher for Zero-shot Tagging at Extreme Scales13 Jun 2024
- 2024UniDEC : Unified Dual Encoder and Classifier Training for Extreme Multi-Label Classification4 May 2024
- 2024Learning label-label correlations in Extreme Multi-label Classification via Label Features3 May 2024
- 2024Graph Regularized Encoder Training for Extreme Classification28 Feb 2024
26 more
- 2023ICXML: An In-Context Learning Framework for Zero-Shot Extreme Multi-Label Classification16 Nov 2023
- 2023Generalized test utilities for long-tail performance in extreme multi-label classification9 Nov 2023
- 2023Off-Policy Evaluation for Large Action Spaces via Policy Convolution24 Oct 2023
- 2023Dual-Encoders for Extreme Multi-Label Classification16 Oct 2023
- 2023Farzi Data: Autoregressive Data Distillation15 Oct 2023
- 2023Multi-modal Extreme Classification10 Sep 2023
- 2023MatchXML: An Efficient Text-label Matching Framework for Extreme Multi-label Text Classification25 Aug 2023
- 2023Extreme Multilabel Classification for Specialist Doctor Recommendation with Implicit Feedback and Limited Patient Metadata21 Aug 2023
- 2023StyleEDL: Style-Guided High-order Attention Network for Image Emotion Distribution Learning6 Aug 2023
- 2023PINA: Leveraging Side Information in eXtreme Multi-label Classification via Predicted Instance Neighborhood Aggregation21 May 2023
- 2023Light-weight Deep Extreme Multilabel Classification20 Apr 2023
- 2023The Effect of Metadata on Scientific Literature Tagging: A Cross-Field Cross-Model Study7 Feb 2023
- 2023Data Distillation: A Survey11 Jan 2023
- 2022CascadeXML: Rethinking Transformers for End-to-end Multi-resolution Training in Extreme Multi-label Classification29 Oct 2022
- 2022A Survey on Extreme Multi-label Learning8 Oct 2022
- 2022Using Interventions to Improve Out-of-Distribution Generalization of Text-Matching Recommendation Systems7 Oct 2022
- 2022Unified Generative & Dense Retrieval for Query Rewriting in Sponsored Search13 Sep 2022
- 2022NGAME: Negative Mining-aware Mini-batching for Extreme Classification10 Jul 2022
- 2022Infinite Recommendation Networks: A Data-Centric Approach3 Jun 2022
- 2022Metadata-Induced Contrastive Learning for Zero-Shot Multi-Label Text Classification11 Feb 2022
- 2022On Sampling Collaborative Filtering Datasets13 Jan 2022
- 2022GUDN: A novel guide network with label reinforcement strategy for extreme multi-label text classification10 Jan 2022
- 2021Extreme Zero-Shot Learning for Extreme Text Classification16 Dec 2021
- 2021DeepXML: A Deep Extreme Multi-Label Learning Framework Applied to Short Text Documents12 Nov 2021
- 2021Fast Multi-Resolution Transformer Fine-tuning for Extreme Multi-label Text Classification1 Oct 2021
- 2021InceptionXML: A Lightweight Framework with Synchronized Negative Sampling for Short Text Extreme Classification13 Sep 2021
- 2023Data Distillation: A Surveycited by 86
- 2021Fast Multi-Resolution Transformer Fine-tuning for Extreme Multi-label Text Classificationcited by 66
- 2021DeepXML: A Deep Extreme Multi-Label Learning Framework Applied to Short Text Documentscited by 37
- 2022NGAME: Negative Mining-aware Mini-batching for Extreme Classificationcited by 32
- 2022Infinite Recommendation Networks: A Data-Centric Approachcited by 20
- 2023The Effect of Metadata on Scientific Literature Tagging: A Cross-Field Cross-Model Studycited by 17
- 2021Extreme Zero-Shot Learning for Extreme Text Classificationcited by 15
- 2023Off-Policy Evaluation for Large Action Spaces via Policy Convolutioncited by 14
- 2022CascadeXML: Rethinking Transformers for End-to-end Multi-resolution Training in Extreme Multi-label Classificationcited by 12
- 2022Metadata-Induced Contrastive Learning for Zero-Shot Multi-Label Text Classificationcited by 10
- 2021InceptionXML: A Lightweight Framework with Synchronized Negative Sampling for Short Text Extreme Classificationcited by 8
- 2022On Sampling Collaborative Filtering Datasetscited by 8
12 most cited of 38 All 38 (JSON)
- 2026Extreme Meta-Classification for Large-Scale Zero-Shot Retrieval23 Jun 2026
- 2025Large Language Models Meet Extreme Multi-label Classification: Scaling and Multi-modal Framework17 Nov 2025
- 2024Labels in Extremes: How Well Calibrated are Extreme Multi-label Classifiers?6 Nov 2024
- 2024Navigating Extremes: Dynamic Sparsity in Large Output Spaces5 Nov 2024
- 2024Prototypical Extreme Multi-label Classification with a Dynamic Margin Loss27 Oct 2024
- 2024ASTRA: Accurate and Scalable ANNS-based Training of Extreme Classifiers30 Sep 2024
- 2024On the Necessity of World Knowledge for Mitigating Missing Labels in Extreme Classification18 Aug 2024
- 2024CADC: Encoding User-Item Interactions for Compressing Recommendation Model Training Data11 Jul 2024
- 2024Large Language Model as a Teacher for Zero-shot Tagging at Extreme Scales13 Jun 2024
- 2024UniDEC : Unified Dual Encoder and Classifier Training for Extreme Multi-Label Classification4 May 2024
- 2024Learning label-label correlations in Extreme Multi-label Classification via Label Features3 May 2024
- 2024Graph Regularized Encoder Training for Extreme Classification28 Feb 2024
12 newest of 38 All 38 (JSON)