DaCy: A Unified Framework for Danish NLP
Not on the map. Why?
Abstract (arXiv)
Danish natural language processing (NLP) has in recent years obtained considerable improvements with the addition of multiple new datasets and models. However, at present, there is no coherent framework for applying state-of-the-art models for Danish. We present DaCy: a unified framework for Danish NLP built on SpaCy. DaCy uses efficient multitask models which obtain state-of-the-art performance on named entity recognition, part-of-speech tagging, and dependency parsing. DaCy contains tools for easy integration of existing models such as for polarity, emotion, or subjectivity detection. In addition, we conduct a series of tests for biases and robustness of Danish NLP pipelines through augmentation of the test set of DaNE. DaCy large compares favorably and is especially robust to long input lengths and spelling variations and errors. All models except DaCy large display significant biases related to ethnicity while only Polyglot shows a significant gender bias. We argue that for languages with limited benchmark sets, data augmentation can be particularly useful for obtaining more realistic and fine-grained performance estimates. We provide a series of augmenters as a first step towards a more thorough evaluation of language models for low and medium resource languages and encourage further development.
Key facts. Cited by 10 papers in the map (data through 14 Oct 2026). Builds on 15 of its 32 references that are in the map. First posted on arXiv 12 Jul 2021.
Builds on
15 of 32 references.
References · 15
- 2018BERT: Pre-training of Deep Bidirectional Transformers for Language Understandingcited by 40,399
- 2020Language Models are Few-Shot Learnerscited by 32,419
- 2019Exploring the Limits of Transfer Learning with a Unified Text-to-Text Transformercited by 14,599
- 2019Unsupervised Cross-lingual Representation Learning at Scalecited by 3,935
- 2020mT5: A massively multilingual pre-trained text-to-text transformercited by 1,818
- 2020Beyond Accuracy: Behavioral Testing of NLP models with CheckListcited by 1,006
- 2019EDA: Easy Data Augmentation Techniques for Boosting Performance on Text Classification Taskscited by 807
- 2017An Overview of Multi-Task Learning in Deep Neural Networkscited by 803
- 2020Stanza: A Python Natural Language Processing Toolkit for Many Human Languagescited by 723
- 2021A Survey of Data Augmentation Approaches for NLPcited by 409
- 2021Muppet: Massive Multi-task Representations with Pre-Finetuningcited by 192
- 2021An Empirical Survey of Data Augmentation for Limited Data Learning in NLPcited by 101
3 more
- 2020ConvBERT: Improving BERT with Span-based Dynamic Convolutioncited by 88
- 2013Polyglot: Distributed Word Representations for Multilingual NLPcited by 19
- 2020The Danish Gigaword Projectcited by 17
Built on by
Citing papers per year: 2023: 4; 2024: 3; 2025: 0; 2026: 3.
10 papers.
- 2023ScandEval: A Benchmark for Scandinavian Natural Language Processingcited by 16
- 2023Advancing Hungarian Text Processing with HuSpaCy: Efficient and Accurate NLP Pipelinescited by 3
- 2023calamanCy: A Tagalog Natural Language Processing Toolkitcited by 3
- 2024Classification of Radiological Text in Small and Imbalanced Datasets in a Non-English Languagecited by 1
- 2023Augmenty: A Python Library for Structured Text Augmentationcited by 0
- 2024DANSK and DaCy 2.6.0: Domain Generalization of Danish Named Entity Recognitioncited by 0
- 2024SnakModel: Lessons Learned from Training an Open Danish Large Language Modelcited by 0
- 2026SDUs DAISY: A Benchmark for Danish Culturecited by 0
- 2026Blaming Across the Aisle: Political Contrasting and Blame Attribution in the Danish Parliamentcited by 0
- 2026Retrieving Biblical Intertextual References in Karen Blixen's Seven Gothic Talescited by 0
- 2026Retrieving Biblical Intertextual References in Karen Blixen's Seven Gothic Tales28 Sep 2026
- 2026Blaming Across the Aisle: Political Contrasting and Blame Attribution in the Danish Parliament22 Sep 2026
- 2026SDUs DAISY: A Benchmark for Danish Culture11 Jan 2026
- 2024SnakModel: Lessons Learned from Training an Open Danish Large Language Model17 Dec 2024
- 2024Classification of Radiological Text in Small and Imbalanced Datasets in a Non-English Language30 Sep 2024
- 2024DANSK and DaCy 2.6.0: Domain Generalization of Danish Named Entity Recognition28 Feb 2024
- 2023Augmenty: A Python Library for Structured Text Augmentation9 Dec 2023
- 2023calamanCy: A Tagalog Natural Language Processing Toolkit13 Nov 2023
- 2023Advancing Hungarian Text Processing with HuSpaCy: Efficient and Accurate NLP Pipelines24 Aug 2023
- 2023ScandEval: A Benchmark for Scandinavian Natural Language Processing3 Apr 2023