mlsanityData to 7 Oct 2026

Graph Routing between Capsules

arXiv 2106.11531 ↗First posted 22 Jun 2021cs.LG cs.AI cs.CLcited by 5

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Abstract (arXiv)

Routing methods in capsule networks often learn a hierarchical relationship for capsules in successive layers, but the intra-relation between capsules in the same layer is less studied, while this intra-relation is a key factor for the semantic understanding in text data. Therefore, in this paper, we introduce a new capsule network with graph routing to learn both relationships, where capsules in each layer are treated as the nodes of a graph. We investigate strategies to yield adjacency and degree matrix with three different distances from a layer of capsules, and propose the graph routing mechanism between those capsules. We validate our approach on five text classification datasets, and our findings suggest that the approach combining bottom-up routing and top-down attention performs the best. Such an approach demonstrates generalization capability across datasets. Compared to the state-of-the-art routing methods, the improvements in accuracy in the five datasets we used were 0.82, 0.39, 0.07, 1.01, and 0.02, respectively.

Key facts. Cited by 5 papers in the map (data through 7 Oct 2026). Builds on 16 of its 32 references that are in the map. First posted on arXiv 22 Jun 2021.

Builds on

16 of 32 references.

References · 16

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  5. 2019A Comprehensive Survey on Graph Neural Networkscited by 2,906
  6. 2017Dynamic Routing Between Capsulescited by 689
  7. 2019Learning Graph Embedding with Adversarial Training Methodscited by 84
  8. 2020BiERU: Bidirectional Emotional Recurrent Unit for Conversational Sentiment Analysiscited by 28
  9. 2018Investigating Capsule Networks with Dynamic Routing for Text Classificationcited by 23
  10. 2017Capsule Network Performance on Complex Datacited by 22
  11. 2019Attention routing between capsulescited by 17
  12. 2019Towards Scalable and Reliable Capsule Networks for Challenging NLP Applicationscited by 10
4 more
  1. 2018Fast Dynamic Routing Based on Weighted Kernel Density Estimationcited by 8
  2. 2018Compositional Coding Capsule Network with K-Means Routing for Text Classificationcited by 5
  3. 2018Generalized Capsule Networks with Trainable Routing Procedurecited by 4
  4. 2018Information Aggregation via Dynamic Routing for Sequence Encodingcited by 2

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Cited by year

Citing papers per year: 2022: 2; 2023: 1; 2024: 1; 2025: 1.

5 papers.