mlsanityData to 14 Oct 2026

Front Contribution instead of Back Propagation

arXiv 2106.05569 ↗First posted 10 Jun 2021cs.LG cs.NEcited by 0

Not on the map. Why?

Abstract (arXiv)

Deep Learning's outstanding track record across several domains has stemmed from the use of error backpropagation (BP). Several studies, however, have shown that it is impossible to execute BP in a real brain. Also, BP still serves as an important and unsolved bottleneck for memory usage and speed. We propose a simple, novel algorithm, the Front-Contribution algorithm, as a compact alternative to BP. The contributions of all weights with respect to the final layer weights are calculated before training commences and all the contributions are appended to weights of the final layer, i.e., the effective final layer weights are a non-linear function of themselves. Our algorithm then essentially collapses the network, precluding the necessity for weight updation of all weights not in the final layer. This reduction in parameters results in lower memory usage and higher training speed. We show that our algorithm produces the exact same output as BP, in contrast to several recently proposed algorithms approximating BP. Our preliminary experiments demonstrate the efficacy of the proposed algorithm. Our work provides a foundation to effectively utilize these presently under-explored "front contributions", and serves to inspire the next generation of training algorithms.

Key facts. No citing papers in the map yet (data through 14 Oct 2026). Builds on 24 of its 33 references that are in the map. First posted on arXiv 10 Jun 2021.

Builds on

24 of 33 references.

References · 24

  1. 2017Attention Is All You Needcited by 60,361
  2. 2017The Reversible Residual Network: Backpropagation Without Storing Activationscited by 217
  3. 2014Difference Target Propagationcited by 148
  4. 2016Decoupled Neural Interfaces using Synthetic Gradientscited by 137
  5. 2019Training Neural Networks with Local Error Signalscited by 136
  6. 2018Greedy Layerwise Learning Can Scale to ImageNetcited by 115
  7. 2018Assessing the Scalability of Biologically-Motivated Deep Learning Algorithms and Architecturescited by 101
  8. 2018Dendritic cortical microcircuits approximate the backpropagation algorithmcited by 97
  9. 2016Memory-Efficient Backpropagation Through Timecited by 78
  10. 2019The HSIC Bottleneck: Deep Learning without Back-Propagationcited by 77
  11. 2018Biologically Motivated Algorithms for Propagating Local Target Representationscited by 43
  12. 2017Deep supervised learning using local errorscited by 41
12 more
  1. 2018Decoupled Parallel Backpropagation with Convergence Guaranteecited by 39
  2. 2017Understanding Synthetic Gradients and Decoupled Neural Interfacescited by 35
  3. 2019Updates of Equilibrium Prop Match Gradients of Backprop Through Time in an RNN with Static Inputcited by 33
  4. 2019Spike-Train Level Backpropagation for Training Deep Recurrent Spiking Neural Networkscited by 32
  5. 2019Learning to solve the credit assignment problemcited by 27
  6. 2018Beyond Backprop: Online Alternating Minimization with Auxiliary Variablescited by 23
  7. 2018Conducting Credit Assignment by Aligning Local Representationscited by 12
  8. 2019A Graph Theoretic Framework of Recomputation Algorithms for Memory-Efficient Backpropagationcited by 11
  9. 2016Learning in the Machine: Random Backpropagation and the Deep Learning Channelcited by 2
  10. 2018Breaking the Activation Function Bottleneck through Adaptive Parameterizationcited by 2
  11. 2018Backprop-Q: Generalized Backpropagation for Stochastic Computation Graphscited by 2
  12. 2020Large-Scale Gradient-Free Deep Learning with Recursive Local Representation Alignmentcited by 2

Built on by

Not cited yet.