MSG-Transformer: Exchanging Local Spatial Information by Manipulating Messenger Tokens
Not on the map. Why?
Abstract (arXiv)
Transformers have offered a new methodology of designing neural networks for visual recognition. Compared to convolutional networks, Transformers enjoy the ability of referring to global features at each stage, yet the attention module brings higher computational overhead that obstructs the application of Transformers to process high-resolution visual data. This paper aims to alleviate the conflict between efficiency and flexibility, for which we propose a specialized token for each region that serves as a messenger (MSG). Hence, by manipulating these MSG tokens, one can flexibly exchange visual information across regions and the computational complexity is reduced. We then integrate the MSG token into a multi-scale architecture named MSG-Transformer. In standard image classification and object detection, MSG-Transformer achieves competitive performance and the inference on both GPU and CPU is accelerated. Code is available at https://github.com/hustvl/MSG-Transformer.
Key facts. Cited by 46 papers in the map (data through 14 Oct 2026). Builds on 53 of its 63 references that are in the map. First posted on arXiv 31 May 2021.
Builds on
53 of 63 references.
References · 53
- 2017Attention Is All You Needcited by 60,361
- 2015Deep Residual Learning for Image Recognitioncited by 52,096
- 2018BERT: Pre-training of Deep Bidirectional Transformers for Language Understandingcited by 40,399
- 2014Adam: A Method for Stochastic Optimizationcited by 37,240
- 2020Language Models are Few-Shot Learnerscited by 32,419
- 2020An Image is Worth 16x16 Words: Transformers for Image Recognition at Scalecited by 30,186
- 2014Microsoft COCO: Common Objects in Contextcited by 17,608
- 2014Very Deep Convolutional Networks for Large-Scale Image Recognitioncited by 15,364
- 2019Exploring the Limits of Transfer Learning with a Unified Text-to-Text Transformercited by 14,599
- 2021Swin Transformer: Hierarchical Vision Transformer using Shifted Windowscited by 12,139
- 2015Faster R-CNN: Towards Real-Time Object Detection with Region Proposal Networkscited by 9,639
- 2020End-to-End Object Detection with Transformerscited by 7,414
38 more
- 2017Mask R-CNNcited by 7,277
- 2016Densely Connected Convolutional Networkscited by 6,720
- 2019EfficientNet: Rethinking Model Scaling for Convolutional Neural Networkscited by 6,442
- 2015Rethinking the Inception Architecture for Computer Visioncited by 5,475
- 2016SGDR: Stochastic Gradient Descent with Warm Restartscited by 5,045
- 2015You Only Look Once: Unified, Real-Time Object Detectioncited by 4,852
- 2020Training data-efficient image transformers & distillation through attentioncited by 4,586
- 2014Going Deeper with Convolutionscited by 4,241
- 2017MobileNets: Efficient Convolutional Neural Networks for Mobile Vision Applicationscited by 3,845
- 2016DeepLab: Semantic Image Segmentation with Deep Convolutional Nets, Atrous Convolution, and Fully Connected CRFscited by 3,241
- 2015SSD: Single Shot MultiBox Detectorcited by 3,130
- 2016Aggregated Residual Transformations for Deep Neural Networkscited by 2,546
- 2016Xception: Deep Learning with Depthwise Separable Convolutionscited by 2,332
- 2017Non-local Neural Networkscited by 2,293
- 2017Rethinking Atrous Convolution for Semantic Image Segmentationcited by 2,161
- 2021Pyramid Vision Transformer: A Versatile Backbone for Dense Prediction without Convolutionscited by 1,962
- 2019MMDetection: Open MMLab Detection Toolbox and Benchmarkcited by 1,385
- 2020Rethinking Semantic Segmentation from a Sequence-to-Sequence Perspective with Transformerscited by 1,369
- 2017Cascade R-CNN: Delving into High Quality Object Detectioncited by 1,276
- 2017ShuffleNet: An Extremely Efficient Convolutional Neural Network for Mobile Devicescited by 1,200
- 2018ShuffleNet V2: Practical Guidelines for Efficient CNN Architecture Designcited by 1,136
- 2017Learning Transferable Architectures for Scalable Image Recognitioncited by 1,101
- 2021Tokens-to-Token ViT: Training Vision Transformers from Scratch on ImageNetcited by 1,101
- 2020Designing Network Design Spacescited by 960
- 2021CvT: Introducing Convolutions to Vision Transformerscited by 947
- 2021Going deeper with Image Transformerscited by 764
- 2018CCNet: Criss-Cross Attention for Semantic Segmentationcited by 718
- 2018ProxylessNAS: Direct Neural Architecture Search on Target Task and Hardwarecited by 673
- 2021Transformer in Transformercited by 633
- 2021Twins: Revisiting the Design of Spatial Attention in Vision Transformerscited by 565
- 2019Stand-Alone Self-Attention in Vision Modelscited by 542
- 2018FBNet: Hardware-Aware Efficient ConvNet Design via Differentiable Neural Architecture Searchcited by 485
- 2021Bottleneck Transformers for Visual Recognitioncited by 364
- 2020Exploring Self-attention for Image Recognitioncited by 313
- 2021Co-Scale Conv-Attentional Image Transformerscited by 224
- 2021Scaling Local Self-Attention for Parameter Efficient Visual Backbonescited by 220
- 2019Local Relation Networks for Image Recognitioncited by 210
- 2020Rethinking Positional Encoding in Language Pre-trainingcited by 197
50 most cited of 53 All 53 (JSON)
Built on by
Citing papers per year: 2021: 7; 2022: 14; 2023: 16; 2024: 7; 2025: 0; 2026: 2.
46 papers.
Sort:
By area:
- 2024Vision Mamba: Efficient Visual Representation Learning with Bidirectional State Space Modelcited by 1,056
- 2021You Only Look at One Sequence: Rethinking Transformer in Vision through Object Detectioncited by 170
- 2022HiFormer: Hierarchical Multi-scale Representations Using Transformers for Medical Image Segmentationcited by 95
- 2022CF-ViT: A General Coarse-to-Fine Method for Vision Transformercited by 63
- 2022Temporally Efficient Vision Transformer for Video Instance Segmentationcited by 55
- 2023Vision Transformer with Quadrangle Attentioncited by 46
- 2024A Survey on Transformer Compressioncited by 46
- 2022MixFormer: Mixing Features across Windows and Dimensionscited by 43
- 2022VSA: Learning Varied-Size Window Attention in Vision Transformerscited by 43
- 2023MAE-DFER: Efficient Masked Autoencoder for Self-supervised Dynamic Facial Expression Recognitioncited by 43
- 2022LightViT: Towards Light-Weight Convolution-Free Vision Transformerscited by 40
- 2021Sparse MLP for Image Recognition: Is Self-Attention Really Necessary?cited by 38
34 more
- 2021Pale Transformer: A General Vision Transformer Backbone with Pale-Shaped Attentioncited by 36
- 2022Towards Data-Efficient Detection Transformerscited by 34
- 2021Scaled ReLU Matters for Training Vision Transformerscited by 29
- 2022Bridging the Gap Between Vision Transformers and Convolutional Neural Networks on Small Datasetscited by 29
- 2023TransFace++: Rethinking the Face Recognition Paradigm with a Focus on Accuracy, Efficiency, and Securitycited by 22
- 2023SCTNet: Single-Branch CNN with Transformer Semantic Information for Real-Time Segmentationcited by 22
- 2023DAT++: Spatially Dynamic Vision Transformer with Deformable Attentioncited by 21
- 2023Robustifying Token Attention for Vision Transformerscited by 19
- 2022Dynamic Group Transformer: A General Vision Transformer Backbone with Dynamic Group Attentioncited by 14
- 2022Beyond Masking: Demystifying Token-Based Pre-Training for Vision Transformerscited by 14
- 2023Computation-efficient Deep Learning for Computer Vision: A Surveycited by 14
- 2024Depth-Wise Convolutions in Vision Transformers for Efficient Training on Small Datasetscited by 14
- 2024A Lightweight Sparse Focus Transformer for Remote Sensing Image Change Captioningcited by 13
- 2024ViG: Linear-complexity Visual Sequence Learning with Gated Linear Attentioncited by 13
- 2021Tracking Instances as Queriescited by 7
- 2022TransPillars: Coarse-to-Fine Aggregation for Multi-Frame 3D Object Detectioncited by 6
- 2022DQnet: Cross-Model Detail Querying for Camouflaged Object Detectioncited by 6
- 2023MobileInst: Video Instance Segmentation on the Mobilecited by 6
- 2023Multi-level Multiple Instance Learning with Transformer for Whole Slide Image Classificationcited by 6
- 2023Graph-Segmenter: Graph Transformer with Boundary-aware Attention for Semantic Segmentationcited by 6
- 2023ClusterFormer: Clustering As A Universal Visual Learnercited by 6
- 2023Factorization Vision Transformer: Modeling Long Range Dependency with Local Window Costcited by 5
- 2024Masked Spatial Propagation Network for Sparsity-Adaptive Depth Refinementcited by 5
- 2021What Makes for Hierarchical Vision Transformer?cited by 4
- 2021Global Interaction Modelling in Vision Transformer via Super Tokenscited by 4
- 2024Enhancing Efficiency in Vision Transformer Networks: Design Techniques and Insightscited by 4
- 2023CEDNet: A Cascade Encoder-Decoder Network for Dense Predictioncited by 3
- 2023Circuit as Set of Pointscited by 3
- 20223D Shuffle-Mixer: An Efficient Context-Aware Vision Learner of Transformer-MLP Paradigm for Dense Prediction in Medical Volumecited by 2
- 2022ViT-LSLA: Vision Transformer with Light Self-Limited-Attentioncited by 2
- 2023Versatile Depth Estimator Based on Common Relative Depth Estimation and Camera-Specific Relative-to-Metric Depth Conversioncited by 1
- 2023AxWin Transformer: A Context-Aware Vision Transformer Backbone with Axial Windowscited by 1
- 2026RAViT: Resolution-Adaptive Vision Transformercited by 0
- 2026Advancing Vision Transformer with Enhanced Spatial Priorscited by 0
- 2026Advancing Vision Transformer with Enhanced Spatial Priors20 Apr 2026
- 2026RAViT: Resolution-Adaptive Vision Transformer27 Feb 2026
- 2024Depth-Wise Convolutions in Vision Transformers for Efficient Training on Small Datasets28 Jul 2024
- 2024ViG: Linear-complexity Visual Sequence Learning with Gated Linear Attention28 May 2024
- 2024A Lightweight Sparse Focus Transformer for Remote Sensing Image Change Captioning10 May 2024
- 2024Masked Spatial Propagation Network for Sparsity-Adaptive Depth Refinement30 Apr 2024
- 2024Enhancing Efficiency in Vision Transformer Networks: Design Techniques and Insights28 Mar 2024
- 2024A Survey on Transformer Compression5 Feb 2024
- 2024Vision Mamba: Efficient Visual Representation Learning with Bidirectional State Space Model17 Jan 2024
- 2023SCTNet: Single-Branch CNN with Transformer Semantic Information for Real-Time Segmentation28 Dec 2023
- 2023Factorization Vision Transformer: Modeling Long Range Dependency with Local Window Cost14 Dec 2023
- 2023Circuit as Set of Points26 Oct 2023
34 more
- 2023ClusterFormer: Clustering As A Universal Visual Learner22 Sep 2023
- 2023DAT++: Spatially Dynamic Vision Transformer with Deformable Attention4 Sep 2023
- 2023Computation-efficient Deep Learning for Computer Vision: A Survey27 Aug 2023
- 2023TransFace++: Rethinking the Face Recognition Paradigm with a Focus on Accuracy, Efficiency, and Security20 Aug 2023
- 2023Graph-Segmenter: Graph Transformer with Boundary-aware Attention for Semantic Segmentation15 Aug 2023
- 2023MAE-DFER: Efficient Masked Autoencoder for Self-supervised Dynamic Facial Expression Recognition5 Jul 2023
- 2023Multi-level Multiple Instance Learning with Transformer for Whole Slide Image Classification8 Jun 2023
- 2023AxWin Transformer: A Context-Aware Vision Transformer Backbone with Axial Windows2 May 2023
- 2023MobileInst: Video Instance Segmentation on the Mobile30 Mar 2023
- 2023Vision Transformer with Quadrangle Attention27 Mar 2023
- 2023Robustifying Token Attention for Vision Transformers20 Mar 2023
- 2023Versatile Depth Estimator Based on Common Relative Depth Estimation and Camera-Specific Relative-to-Metric Depth Conversion20 Mar 2023
- 2023CEDNet: A Cascade Encoder-Decoder Network for Dense Prediction13 Feb 2023
- 2022DQnet: Cross-Model Detail Querying for Camouflaged Object Detection16 Dec 2022
- 2022ViT-LSLA: Vision Transformer with Light Self-Limited-Attention31 Oct 2022
- 2022Bridging the Gap Between Vision Transformers and Convolutional Neural Networks on Small Datasets12 Oct 2022
- 2022TransPillars: Coarse-to-Fine Aggregation for Multi-Frame 3D Object Detection4 Aug 2022
- 2022HiFormer: Hierarchical Multi-scale Representations Using Transformers for Medical Image Segmentation18 Jul 2022
- 2022LightViT: Towards Light-Weight Convolution-Free Vision Transformers12 Jul 2022
- 2022VSA: Learning Varied-Size Window Attention in Vision Transformers18 Apr 2022
- 2022Temporally Efficient Vision Transformer for Video Instance Segmentation18 Apr 2022
- 20223D Shuffle-Mixer: An Efficient Context-Aware Vision Learner of Transformer-MLP Paradigm for Dense Prediction in Medical Volume14 Apr 2022
- 2022MixFormer: Mixing Features across Windows and Dimensions6 Apr 2022
- 2022Beyond Masking: Demystifying Token-Based Pre-Training for Vision Transformers27 Mar 2022
- 2022Towards Data-Efficient Detection Transformers17 Mar 2022
- 2022Dynamic Group Transformer: A General Vision Transformer Backbone with Dynamic Group Attention8 Mar 2022
- 2022CF-ViT: A General Coarse-to-Fine Method for Vision Transformer8 Mar 2022
- 2021Pale Transformer: A General Vision Transformer Backbone with Pale-Shaped Attention28 Dec 2021
- 2021Global Interaction Modelling in Vision Transformer via Super Tokens25 Nov 2021
- 2021Sparse MLP for Image Recognition: Is Self-Attention Really Necessary?12 Sep 2021
- 2021Scaled ReLU Matters for Training Vision Transformers8 Sep 2021
- 2021What Makes for Hierarchical Vision Transformer?5 Jul 2021
- 2021Tracking Instances as Queries22 Jun 2021
- 2021You Only Look at One Sequence: Rethinking Transformer in Vision through Object Detection1 Jun 2021
- 2021You Only Look at One Sequence: Rethinking Transformer in Vision through Object Detectioncited by 170
- 2022HiFormer: Hierarchical Multi-scale Representations Using Transformers for Medical Image Segmentationcited by 95
- 2022CF-ViT: A General Coarse-to-Fine Method for Vision Transformercited by 63
- 2022Temporally Efficient Vision Transformer for Video Instance Segmentationcited by 55
- 2023Vision Transformer with Quadrangle Attentioncited by 46
- 2024A Survey on Transformer Compressioncited by 46
- 2022MixFormer: Mixing Features across Windows and Dimensionscited by 43
- 2022VSA: Learning Varied-Size Window Attention in Vision Transformerscited by 43
- 2023MAE-DFER: Efficient Masked Autoencoder for Self-supervised Dynamic Facial Expression Recognitioncited by 43
- 2022LightViT: Towards Light-Weight Convolution-Free Vision Transformerscited by 40
- 2021Sparse MLP for Image Recognition: Is Self-Attention Really Necessary?cited by 38
- 2021Pale Transformer: A General Vision Transformer Backbone with Pale-Shaped Attentioncited by 36
12 most cited of 45 All 45 (JSON)
- 2026Advancing Vision Transformer with Enhanced Spatial Priors20 Apr 2026
- 2026RAViT: Resolution-Adaptive Vision Transformer27 Feb 2026
- 2024Depth-Wise Convolutions in Vision Transformers for Efficient Training on Small Datasets28 Jul 2024
- 2024ViG: Linear-complexity Visual Sequence Learning with Gated Linear Attention28 May 2024
- 2024A Lightweight Sparse Focus Transformer for Remote Sensing Image Change Captioning10 May 2024
- 2024Masked Spatial Propagation Network for Sparsity-Adaptive Depth Refinement30 Apr 2024
- 2024Enhancing Efficiency in Vision Transformer Networks: Design Techniques and Insights28 Mar 2024
- 2024A Survey on Transformer Compression5 Feb 2024
- 2023SCTNet: Single-Branch CNN with Transformer Semantic Information for Real-Time Segmentation28 Dec 2023
- 2023Factorization Vision Transformer: Modeling Long Range Dependency with Local Window Cost14 Dec 2023
- 2023Circuit as Set of Points26 Oct 2023
- 2023ClusterFormer: Clustering As A Universal Visual Learner22 Sep 2023
12 newest of 45 All 45 (JSON)