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Neural Machine Translation: A Review of Methods, Resources, and Tools

arXiv 2012.15515 ↗First posted 31 Dec 2020cs.CLcited by 18

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Abstract (arXiv)

Machine translation (MT) is an important sub-field of natural language processing that aims to translate natural languages using computers. In recent years, end-to-end neural machine translation (NMT) has achieved great success and has become the new mainstream method in practical MT systems. In this article, we first provide a broad review of the methods for NMT and focus on methods relating to architectures, decoding, and data augmentation. Then we summarize the resources and tools that are useful for researchers. Finally, we conclude with a discussion of possible future research directions.

Key facts. Cited by 18 papers in the map (data through 7 Oct 2026). First posted on arXiv 31 Dec 2020.

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Citing papers per year: 2021: 4; 2022: 1; 2023: 8; 2024: 2; 2025: 2; 2026: 1.

18 papers.

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  1. 2023A Survey of GPT-3 Family Large Language Models Including ChatGPT and GPT-4cited by 81
  2. 2021Natural Language Processing in-and-for Design Researchcited by 15
  3. 2023Conceptual Design Generation Using Large Language Modelscited by 13
  4. 2024Deep Oscillatory Neural Networkcited by 3
  5. 2025DongbaMIE: A Multimodal Information Extraction Dataset for Evaluating Semantic Understanding of Dongba Pictogramscited by 3
  6. 2021MassFormer: Tandem Mass Spectrum Prediction for Small Molecules using Graph Transformerscited by 2
  7. 2023Data Augmentation for Neural NLPcited by 2
  8. 2024Bidirectional Awareness Induction in Autoregressive Seq2Seq Modelscited by 2
  9. 2021Developing neural machine translation models for Hungarian-Englishcited by 1
  10. 2023Language Cognition and Language Computation -- Human and Machine Language Understandingcited by 1
  11. 2023What's in a Name? Evaluating Assembly-Part Semantic Knowledge in Language Models through User-Provided Names in CAD Filescited by 1
  12. 2021Multitask Finetuning for Improving Neural Machine Translation in Indian Languagescited by 0
6 more
  1. 2022Performance Comparison of Simple Transformer and Res-CNN-BiLSTM for Cyberbullying Classificationcited by 0
  2. 2023Ngambay-French Neural Machine Translation (sba-Fr)cited by 0
  3. 2023SEE-OoD: Supervised Exploration For Enhanced Out-of-Distribution Detectioncited by 0
  4. 2023Neural machine translation for automated feedback on children's early-stage writingcited by 0
  5. 2025Microsaccade-Inspired Probing: Positional Encoding Perturbations Reveal LLM Misbehaviourscited by 0
  6. 2026MioFFAn: an Annotation Software for Formula Formalization with LLM Automation Capabilitiescited by 0