AutoKWS: Keyword Spotting with Differentiable Architecture Search
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Abstract (arXiv)
Smart audio devices are gated by an always-on lightweight keyword spotting program to reduce power consumption. It is however challenging to design models that have both high accuracy and low latency for accurate and fast responsiveness. Many efforts have been made to develop end-to-end neural networks, in which depthwise separable convolutions, temporal convolutions, and LSTMs are adopted as building units. Nonetheless, these networks designed with human expertise may not achieve an optimal trade-off in an expansive search space. In this paper, we propose to leverage recent advances in differentiable neural architecture search to discover more efficient networks. Our searched model attains 97.2% top-1 accuracy on Google Speech Command Dataset v1 with only nearly 100K parameters.
Key facts. Cited by 10 papers in the map (data through 14 Oct 2026). First posted on arXiv 8 Sep 2020.
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Citing papers per year: 2021: 3; 2022: 2; 2023: 1; 2024: 2; 2025: 1; 2026: 1.
10 papers.
- 2021Deep Spoken Keyword Spotting: An Overviewcited by 43
- 2022Personalized Keyword Spotting through Multi-task Learningcited by 7
- 2021End-to-end Keyword Spotting using Neural Architecture Search and Quantizationcited by 2
- 2021Encoder-Decoder Neural Architecture Optimization for Keyword Spottingcited by 2
- 2023To Wake-up or Not to Wake-up: Reducing Keyword False Alarm by Successive Refinementcited by 2
- 2024Combining Neural Architecture Search and Automatic Code Optimization: A Surveycited by 1
- 2022A Study of Designing Compact Audio-Visual Wake Word Spotting System Based on Iterative Fine-Tuning in Neural Network Pruningcited by 0
- 2024Energy-Efficient Seizure Detection Suitable for low-power Applicationscited by 0
- 2025Keyword Mamba: Spoken Keyword Spotting with State Space Modelscited by 0
- 2026PCOV-KWS: Multi-task Learning for Personalized Customizable Open Vocabulary Keyword Spottingcited by 0
- 2026PCOV-KWS: Multi-task Learning for Personalized Customizable Open Vocabulary Keyword Spotting5 Mar 2026
- 2025Keyword Mamba: Spoken Keyword Spotting with State Space Models10 Aug 2025
- 2024Combining Neural Architecture Search and Automatic Code Optimization: A Survey7 Aug 2024
- 2024Energy-Efficient Seizure Detection Suitable for low-power Applications19 Jun 2024
- 2023To Wake-up or Not to Wake-up: Reducing Keyword False Alarm by Successive Refinement6 Apr 2023
- 2022Personalized Keyword Spotting through Multi-task Learning28 Jun 2022
- 2022A Study of Designing Compact Audio-Visual Wake Word Spotting System Based on Iterative Fine-Tuning in Neural Network Pruning17 Feb 2022
- 2021Deep Spoken Keyword Spotting: An Overview20 Nov 2021
- 2021Encoder-Decoder Neural Architecture Optimization for Keyword Spotting4 Jun 2021
- 2021End-to-end Keyword Spotting using Neural Architecture Search and Quantization14 Apr 2021