NAUTILUS: a Versatile Voice Cloning System
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Abstract (arXiv)
We introduce a novel speech synthesis system, called NAUTILUS, that can generate speech with a target voice either from a text input or a reference utterance of an arbitrary source speaker. By using a multi-speaker speech corpus to train all requisite encoders and decoders in the initial training stage, our system can clone unseen voices using untranscribed speech of target speakers on the basis of the backpropagation algorithm. Moreover, depending on the data circumstance of the target speaker, the cloning strategy can be adjusted to take advantage of additional data and modify the behaviors of text-to-speech (TTS) and/or voice conversion (VC) systems to accommodate the situation. We test the performance of the proposed framework by using deep convolution layers to model the encoders, decoders and WaveNet vocoder. Evaluations show that it achieves comparable quality with state-of-the-art TTS and VC systems when cloning with just five minutes of untranscribed speech. Moreover, it is demonstrated that the proposed framework has the ability to switch between TTS and VC with high speaker consistency, which will be useful for many applications.
Key facts. Cited by 13 papers in the map (data through 7 Oct 2026). First posted on arXiv 22 May 2020.
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Citing papers per year: 2021: 4; 2022: 5; 2023: 1; 2024: 0; 2025: 3.
13 papers.
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- 2021A Survey on Neural Speech Synthesiscited by 182
- 2021Deepfakes Generation and Detection: State-of-the-art, open challenges, countermeasures, and way forwardcited by 82
- 2022Speech Synthesis with Mixed Emotionscited by 28
- 2021AdaSpeech 2: Adaptive Text to Speech with Untranscribed Datacited by 17
- 2022Human Detection of Political Speech Deepfakes across Transcripts, Audio, and Videocited by 16
- 2025Voice Cloning: Comprehensive Surveycited by 4
- 2022Improve few-shot voice cloning using multi-modal learningcited by 3
- 2022Self-supervised learning for robust voice cloningcited by 2
- 2022GlowVC: Mel-spectrogram space disentangling model for language-independent text-free voice conversioncited by 2
- 2025AudioRole: An Audio Dataset for Character Role-Playing in Large Language Modelscited by 1
- 2021Preliminary study on using vector quantization latent spaces for TTS/VC systems with consistent performancecited by 0
- 2023TranssionADD: A multi-frame reinforcement based sequence tagging model for audio deepfake detectioncited by 0
1 more
- 2025AudioRole: An Audio Dataset for Character Role-Playing in Large Language Models27 Sep 2025
- 2025Dataset of News Articles with Provenance Metadata for Media Relevance Assessment11 Jun 2025
- 2025Voice Cloning: Comprehensive Survey1 May 2025
- 2023TranssionADD: A multi-frame reinforcement based sequence tagging model for audio deepfake detection27 Jun 2023
- 2022Speech Synthesis with Mixed Emotions11 Aug 2022
- 2022GlowVC: Mel-spectrogram space disentangling model for language-independent text-free voice conversion4 Jul 2022
- 2022Self-supervised learning for robust voice cloning7 Apr 2022
- 2022Improve few-shot voice cloning using multi-modal learning18 Mar 2022
- 2022Human Detection of Political Speech Deepfakes across Transcripts, Audio, and Video25 Feb 2022
- 2021A Survey on Neural Speech Synthesis29 Jun 2021
- 2021Preliminary study on using vector quantization latent spaces for TTS/VC systems with consistent performance25 Jun 2021
- 2021AdaSpeech 2: Adaptive Text to Speech with Untranscribed Data20 Apr 2021
- 2021A Survey on Neural Speech Synthesiscited by 182
- 2021Deepfakes Generation and Detection: State-of-the-art, open challenges, countermeasures, and way forwardcited by 82
- 2022Speech Synthesis with Mixed Emotionscited by 28
- 2021AdaSpeech 2: Adaptive Text to Speech with Untranscribed Datacited by 17
- 2022Human Detection of Political Speech Deepfakes across Transcripts, Audio, and Videocited by 16
- 2025Voice Cloning: Comprehensive Surveycited by 4
- 2022Improve few-shot voice cloning using multi-modal learningcited by 3
- 2022Self-supervised learning for robust voice cloningcited by 2
- 2022GlowVC: Mel-spectrogram space disentangling model for language-independent text-free voice conversioncited by 2
- 2025AudioRole: An Audio Dataset for Character Role-Playing in Large Language Modelscited by 1
- 2021Preliminary study on using vector quantization latent spaces for TTS/VC systems with consistent performancecited by 0
- 2023TranssionADD: A multi-frame reinforcement based sequence tagging model for audio deepfake detectioncited by 0
12 most cited of 13 All 13 (JSON)
- 2025AudioRole: An Audio Dataset for Character Role-Playing in Large Language Models27 Sep 2025
- 2025Dataset of News Articles with Provenance Metadata for Media Relevance Assessment11 Jun 2025
- 2025Voice Cloning: Comprehensive Survey1 May 2025
- 2023TranssionADD: A multi-frame reinforcement based sequence tagging model for audio deepfake detection27 Jun 2023
- 2022Speech Synthesis with Mixed Emotions11 Aug 2022
- 2022GlowVC: Mel-spectrogram space disentangling model for language-independent text-free voice conversion4 Jul 2022
- 2022Self-supervised learning for robust voice cloning7 Apr 2022
- 2022Improve few-shot voice cloning using multi-modal learning18 Mar 2022
- 2022Human Detection of Political Speech Deepfakes across Transcripts, Audio, and Video25 Feb 2022
- 2021A Survey on Neural Speech Synthesis29 Jun 2021
- 2021Preliminary study on using vector quantization latent spaces for TTS/VC systems with consistent performance25 Jun 2021
- 2021AdaSpeech 2: Adaptive Text to Speech with Untranscribed Data20 Apr 2021
12 newest of 13 All 13 (JSON)