Deep Learning for Source Code Modeling and Generation: Models, Applications and Challenges
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Abstract (arXiv)
Deep Learning (DL) techniques for Natural Language Processing have been evolving remarkably fast. Recently, the DL advances in language modeling, machine translation and paragraph understanding are so prominent that the potential of DL in Software Engineering cannot be overlooked, especially in the field of program learning. To facilitate further research and applications of DL in this field, we provide a comprehensive review to categorize and investigate existing DL methods for source code modeling and generation. To address the limitations of the traditional source code models, we formulate common program learning tasks under an encoder-decoder framework. After that, we introduce recent DL mechanisms suitable to solve such problems. Then, we present the state-of-the-art practices and discuss their challenges with some recommendations for practitioners and researchers as well.
Key facts. Cited by 55 papers in the map (data through 7 Oct 2026). First posted on arXiv 13 Feb 2020.
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Citing papers per year: 2021: 10; 2022: 15; 2023: 8; 2024: 15; 2025: 5; 2026: 2.
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- 2021A Survey on Machine Learning Techniques for Source Code Analysiscited by 23
- 2021Improving Code Summarization with Block-wise Abstract Syntax Tree Splittingcited by 19
- 2021A Survey on Data-driven Software Vulnerability Assessment and Prioritizationcited by 18
- 2021Memorization and Generalization in Neural Code Intelligence Modelscited by 17
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- 2023Automating Code-Related Tasks Through Transformers: The Impact of Pre-trainingcited by 8
- 2024Software Vulnerability Prediction in Low-Resource Languages: An Empirical Study of CodeBERT and ChatGPTcited by 8
- 2022Machine Learning for Software Engineering: A Tertiary Studycited by 7
- 2021Automated Security Assessment for the Internet of Thingscited by 6
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- 2022On the Use of Fine-grained Vulnerable Code Statements for Software Vulnerability Assessment Modelscited by 5
- 2021PSIMiner: A Tool for Mining Rich Abstract Syntax Trees from Codecited by 4
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- 2022Towards Top-Down Automated Development in Limited Scopes: A Neuro-Symbolic Framework from Expressibles to Executablescited by 2
- 2022LAMNER: Code Comment Generation Using Character Language Model and Named Entity Recognitioncited by 1
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50 most cited of 55 All 55 (JSON)
- 2026Bridging Generation and Training: A Systematic Review of Quality Issues in LLMs for Code6 May 2026
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- 2025Auditing and Mitigating Bias in Gender Classification Algorithms: A Data-Centric Approach17 Oct 2025
- 2025MalCodeAI: Autonomous Vulnerability Detection and Remediation via Language Agnostic Code Reasoning15 Jul 2025
- 2025LLMSecConfig: An LLM-Based Approach for Fixing Software Container Misconfigurations4 Feb 2025
- 2024CodePurify: Defend Backdoor Attacks on Neural Code Models via Entropy-based Purification26 Oct 2024
- 2024Sketch2Code: Evaluating Vision-Language Models for Interactive Web Design Prototyping21 Oct 2024
- 2024CoT-TL: Low-Resource Temporal Knowledge Representation of Planning Instructions Using Chain-of-Thought Reasoning21 Oct 2024
- 2024Contextualized Data-Wrangling Code Generation in Computational Notebooks20 Sep 2024
- 2024PromSec: Prompt Optimization for Secure Generation of Functional Source Code with Large Language Models (LLMs)19 Sep 2024
38 more
- 2024SuperCoder2.0: Technical Report on Exploring the feasibility of LLMs as Autonomous Programmer17 Sep 2024
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- 2024Automated Code-centric Software Vulnerability Assessment: How Far Are We? An Empirical Study in C/C++24 Jul 2024
- 2024Mitigating Data Imbalance for Software Vulnerability Assessment: Does Data Augmentation Help?15 Jul 2024
- 2024A Systematic Literature Review on the Use of Machine Learning in Software Engineering19 Jun 2024
- 2024Adaptive In-conversation Team Building for Language Model Agents29 May 2024
- 2024Software Vulnerability Prediction in Low-Resource Languages: An Empirical Study of CodeBERT and ChatGPT26 Apr 2024
- 2024The Fault in our Stars: Quality Assessment of Code Generation Benchmarks15 Apr 2024
- 2024Design2Code: Benchmarking Multimodal Code Generation for Automated Front-End Engineering5 Mar 2024
- 2024Are Latent Vulnerabilities Hidden Gems for Software Vulnerability Prediction? An Empirical Study20 Jan 2024
- 2023Neuron Patching: Semantic-based Neuron-level Language Model Repair for Code Generation8 Dec 2023
- 2023SALLM: Security Assessment of Generated Code1 Nov 2023
- 2023LEAP: Efficient and Automated Test Method for NLP Software22 Aug 2023
- 2023FRANC: A Lightweight Framework for High-Quality Code Generation17 Jul 2023
- 2023Large Language Models of Code Fail at Completing Code with Potential Bugs6 Jun 2023
- 2023Neural Machine Translation for Code Generation22 May 2023
- 2023ML-driven Hardware Cost Model for MLIR14 Feb 2023
- 2023Automating Code-Related Tasks Through Transformers: The Impact of Pre-training8 Feb 2023
- 2022Large Language Models Meet NL2Code: A Survey19 Dec 2022
- 2022Machine Learning for Software Engineering: A Tertiary Study17 Nov 2022
- 2022Execution-based Evaluation for Data Science Code Generation Models17 Nov 2022
- 2022MIXCODE: Enhancing Code Classification by Mixup-Based Data Augmentation6 Oct 2022
- 2022T5QL: Taming language models for SQL generation21 Sep 2022
- 2022Code Compliance Assessment as a Learning Problem10 Sep 2022
- 2022Towards Top-Down Automated Development in Limited Scopes: A Neuro-Symbolic Framework from Expressibles to Executables4 Sep 2022
- 2022Topical: Learning Repository Embeddings from Source Code using Attention19 Aug 2022
- 2022Learning to generate Reliable Broadcast Algorithms31 Jul 2022
- 2022A Survey of Deep Learning Models for Structural Code Understanding3 May 2022
- 2022LAMNER: Code Comment Generation Using Character Language Model and Named Entity Recognition5 Apr 2022
- 2022MQDD: Pre-training of Multimodal Question Duplicity Detection for Software Engineering Domain26 Mar 2022
- 2022On the Use of Fine-grained Vulnerable Code Statements for Software Vulnerability Assessment Models16 Mar 2022
- 2022Learning to Combine Instructions in LLVM Compiler22 Feb 2022
- 2022Assemble Foundation Models for Automatic Code Summarization13 Jan 2022
- 2021Leveraging Unsupervised Learning to Summarize APIs Discussed in Stack Overflow27 Nov 2021
- 2021A Survey on Machine Learning Techniques for Source Code Analysis18 Oct 2021
- 2021Automated Security Assessment for the Internet of Things9 Sep 2021
- 2021DeepCVA: Automated Commit-level Vulnerability Assessment with Deep Multi-task Learning18 Aug 2021
- 2021A Survey on Data-driven Software Vulnerability Assessment and Prioritization18 Jul 2021
50 newest of 55 All 55 (JSON)
- 2022Large Language Models Meet NL2Code: A Surveycited by 135
- 2023SALLM: Security Assessment of Generated Codecited by 35
- 2022Execution-based Evaluation for Data Science Code Generation Modelscited by 31
- 2021Code Completion by Modeling Flattened Abstract Syntax Trees as Graphscited by 30
- 2023Large Language Models of Code Fail at Completing Code with Potential Bugscited by 28
- 2021A Survey on Machine Learning Techniques for Source Code Analysiscited by 23
- 2021Improving Code Summarization with Block-wise Abstract Syntax Tree Splittingcited by 19
- 2021A Survey on Data-driven Software Vulnerability Assessment and Prioritizationcited by 18
- 2021Memorization and Generalization in Neural Code Intelligence Modelscited by 17
- 2022Assemble Foundation Models for Automatic Code Summarizationcited by 17
- 2024PromSec: Prompt Optimization for Secure Generation of Functional Source Code with Large Language Models (LLMs)cited by 17
- 2023FRANC: A Lightweight Framework for High-Quality Code Generationcited by 14
12 most cited of 49 All 49 (JSON)
- 2026Bridging Generation and Training: A Systematic Review of Quality Issues in LLMs for Code6 May 2026
- 2026SPRITE: From Static Mockups to Engine-Ready Game UI18 Mar 2026
- 2025Software Vulnerability Management in the Era of Artificial Intelligence: An Industry Perspective20 Dec 2025
- 2025From Model to Breach: Towards Actionable LLM-Generated Vulnerabilities Reporting6 Nov 2025
- 2025Auditing and Mitigating Bias in Gender Classification Algorithms: A Data-Centric Approach17 Oct 2025
- 2025MalCodeAI: Autonomous Vulnerability Detection and Remediation via Language Agnostic Code Reasoning15 Jul 2025
- 2025LLMSecConfig: An LLM-Based Approach for Fixing Software Container Misconfigurations4 Feb 2025
- 2024Contextualized Data-Wrangling Code Generation in Computational Notebooks20 Sep 2024
- 2024PromSec: Prompt Optimization for Secure Generation of Functional Source Code with Large Language Models (LLMs)19 Sep 2024
- 2024Automatic Data Labeling for Software Vulnerability Prediction Models: How Far Are We?25 Jul 2024
- 2024Automated Code-centric Software Vulnerability Assessment: How Far Are We? An Empirical Study in C/C++24 Jul 2024
- 2024Mitigating Data Imbalance for Software Vulnerability Assessment: Does Data Augmentation Help?15 Jul 2024
12 newest of 49 All 49 (JSON)