The State of Knowledge Distillation for Classification
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Abstract (arXiv)
We survey various knowledge distillation (KD) strategies for simple classification tasks and implement a set of techniques that claim state-of-the-art accuracy. Our experiments using standardized model architectures, fixed compute budgets, and consistent training schedules indicate that many of these distillation results are hard to reproduce. This is especially apparent with methods using some form of feature distillation. Further examination reveals a lack of generalizability where these techniques may only succeed for specific architectures and training settings. We observe that appropriately tuned classical distillation in combination with a data augmentation training scheme gives an orthogonal improvement over other techniques. We validate this approach and open-source our code.
Key facts. Cited by 9 papers in the map (data through 7 Oct 2026). First posted on arXiv 20 Dec 2019.
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Citing papers per year: 2021: 5; 2022: 2; 2023: 0; 2024: 0; 2025: 1; 2026: 1.
9 papers.
- 2021Pruning and Quantization for Deep Neural Network Acceleration: A Surveycited by 259
- 2022Self-Distillation from the Last Mini-Batch for Consistency Regularizationcited by 29
- 2021Text is Text, No Matter What: Unifying Text Recognition using Knowledge Distillationcited by 17
- 2022Mutual Distillation Learning Network for Trajectory-User Linkingcited by 15
- 2021Distilling and Transferring Knowledge via cGAN-generated Samples for Image Classification and Regressioncited by 10
- 2021MRI-based Alzheimer's disease prediction via distilling the knowledge in multi-modal datacited by 9
- 2025Feature Alignment and Representation Transfer in Knowledge Distillation for Large Language Modelscited by 6
- 2021PURSUhInT: In Search of Informative Hint Points Based on Layer Clustering for Knowledge Distillationcited by 0
- 2026Optimized Federated Knowledge Distillation with Distributed Neural Architecture Searchcited by 0
- 2026Optimized Federated Knowledge Distillation with Distributed Neural Architecture Search20 May 2026
- 2025Feature Alignment and Representation Transfer in Knowledge Distillation for Large Language Models18 Apr 2025
- 2022Mutual Distillation Learning Network for Trajectory-User Linking8 May 2022
- 2022Self-Distillation from the Last Mini-Batch for Consistency Regularization30 Mar 2022
- 2021Text is Text, No Matter What: Unifying Text Recognition using Knowledge Distillation26 Jul 2021
- 2021MRI-based Alzheimer's disease prediction via distilling the knowledge in multi-modal data8 Apr 2021
- 2021Distilling and Transferring Knowledge via cGAN-generated Samples for Image Classification and Regression7 Apr 2021
- 2021PURSUhInT: In Search of Informative Hint Points Based on Layer Clustering for Knowledge Distillation26 Feb 2021
- 2021Pruning and Quantization for Deep Neural Network Acceleration: A Survey24 Jan 2021