A Survey on Reproducibility by Evaluating Deep Reinforcement Learning Algorithms on Real-World Robots
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Abstract (arXiv)
As reinforcement learning (RL) achieves more success in solving complex tasks, more care is needed to ensure that RL research is reproducible and that algorithms herein can be compared easily and fairly with minimal bias. RL results are, however, notoriously hard to reproduce due to the algorithms' intrinsic variance, the environments' stochasticity, and numerous (potentially unreported) hyper-parameters. In this work we investigate the many issues leading to irreproducible research and how to manage those. We further show how to utilise a rigorous and standardised evaluation approach for easing the process of documentation, evaluation and fair comparison of different algorithms, where we emphasise the importance of choosing the right measurement metrics and conducting proper statistics on the results, for unbiased reporting of the results.
Key facts. Cited by 12 papers in the map (data through 7 Oct 2026). First posted on arXiv 9 Sep 2019.
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Citing papers per year: 2021: 2; 2022: 1; 2023: 3; 2024: 1; 2025: 3; 2026: 2.
12 papers.
- 2021Deep Reinforcement Learning at the Edge of the Statistical Precipicecited by 781
- 2025CaRL: Learning Scalable Planning Policies with Simple Rewardscited by 34
- 2021Is High Variance Unavoidable in RL? A Case Study in Continuous Controlcited by 26
- 2023Replicable Reinforcement Learningcited by 21
- 2024Open RL Benchmark: Comprehensive Tracked Experiments for Reinforcement Learningcited by 17
- 2023Reproducibility of Machine Learning: Terminology, Recommendations and Open Issuescited by 8
- 2023Constrained Reinforcement Learning using Distributional Representation for Trustworthy Quadrotor UAV Tracking Controlcited by 5
- 2025Active Alignments of Lens Systems with Reinforcement Learningcited by 3
- 2025IterMask3D: Unsupervised Anomaly Detection and Segmentation with Test-Time Iterative Mask Refinement in 3D Brain MRcited by 3
- 2022Towards Augmented Microscopy with Reinforcement Learning-Enhanced Workflowscited by 2
- 2026Behavior-Consistent Deep Reinforcement Learningcited by 1
- 2026Do World Models Make Better Robots? A Survey of Evaluation Benchmarks for Predictive Embodied Intelligencecited by 0
- 2026Do World Models Make Better Robots? A Survey of Evaluation Benchmarks for Predictive Embodied Intelligence30 Aug 2026
- 2026Behavior-Consistent Deep Reinforcement Learning20 May 2026
- 2025CaRL: Learning Scalable Planning Policies with Simple Rewards24 Apr 2025
- 2025IterMask3D: Unsupervised Anomaly Detection and Segmentation with Test-Time Iterative Mask Refinement in 3D Brain MR7 Apr 2025
- 2025Active Alignments of Lens Systems with Reinforcement Learning3 Mar 2025
- 2024Open RL Benchmark: Comprehensive Tracked Experiments for Reinforcement Learning5 Feb 2024
- 2023Replicable Reinforcement Learning24 May 2023
- 2023Reproducibility of Machine Learning: Terminology, Recommendations and Open Issues24 Feb 2023
- 2023Constrained Reinforcement Learning using Distributional Representation for Trustworthy Quadrotor UAV Tracking Control22 Feb 2023
- 2022Towards Augmented Microscopy with Reinforcement Learning-Enhanced Workflows4 Aug 2022
- 2021Is High Variance Unavoidable in RL? A Case Study in Continuous Control21 Oct 2021
- 2021Deep Reinforcement Learning at the Edge of the Statistical Precipice30 Aug 2021