Multi-level Attention network using text, audio and video for Depression Prediction
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Abstract (arXiv)
Depression has been the leading cause of mental-health illness worldwide. Major depressive disorder (MDD), is a common mental health disorder that affects both psychologically as well as physically which could lead to loss of lives. Due to the lack of diagnostic tests and subjectivity involved in detecting depression, there is a growing interest in using behavioural cues to automate depression diagnosis and stage prediction. The absence of labelled behavioural datasets for such problems and the huge amount of variations possible in behaviour makes the problem more challenging. This paper presents a novel multi-level attention based network for multi-modal depression prediction that fuses features from audio, video and text modalities while learning the intra and inter modality relevance. The multi-level attention reinforces overall learning by selecting the most influential features within each modality for the decision making. We perform exhaustive experimentation to create different regression models for audio, video and text modalities. Several fusions models with different configurations are constructed to understand the impact of each feature and modality. We outperform the current baseline by 17.52% in terms of root mean squared error.
Key facts. Cited by 19 papers in the map (data through 7 Oct 2026). First posted on arXiv 3 Sep 2019.
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Citing papers per year: 2021: 2; 2022: 6; 2023: 2; 2024: 3; 2025: 5; 2026: 1.
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- 2022CubeMLP: An MLP-based Model for Multimodal Sentiment Analysis and Depression Estimationcited by 39
- 2022Multi-modal Depression Estimation based on Sub-attentional Fusioncited by 15
- 2024Reading Between the Frames: Multi-Modal Depression Detection in Videos from Non-Verbal Cuescited by 11
- 2023DEPAC: a Corpus for Depression and Anxiety Detection from Speechcited by 8
- 2022Prediction of Depression Severity Based on the Prosodic and Semantic Features with Bidirectional LSTM and Time Distributed CNNcited by 7
- 2022Automatic Depression Detection via Learning and Fusing Features from Visual Cuescited by 5
- 2024Depression Detection and Analysis using Large Language Models on Textual and Audio-Visual Modalitiescited by 5
- 2021Speech based Depression Severity Level Classification Using a Multi-Stage Dilated CNN-LSTM Modelcited by 4
- 2022Multimodal Depression Classification Using Articulatory Coordination Features And Hierarchical Attention Based Text Embeddingscited by 3
- 2025Enhancing Depression Detection via Question-wise Modality Fusioncited by 3
- 2021Predicting Mood Disorder Symptoms with Remotely Collected Videos Using an Interpretable Multimodal Dynamic Attention Fusion Networkcited by 2
- 2022Neural Architecture Searching for Facial Attributes-based Depression Recognitioncited by 2
7 more
- 2024MOGAM: A Multimodal Object-oriented Graph Attention Model for Depression Detectioncited by 2
- 2023Cost-effective Models for Detecting Depression from Speechcited by 1
- 2025Explainable Multimodal Depression Recognition in Clinical Interviews via PHQ-Aligned Symptom Summarizationcited by 1
- 2025Automatic Depression Assessment using Machine Learning: A Comprehensive Surveycited by 1
- 2025Probabilistic Textual Time Series Depression Detectioncited by 1
- 2026A Multi-Probe Audit of Clinical-Interview Depression Detection Benchmarkscited by 1
- 2025Foundation Model-based Evaluation of Neuropsychiatric Disorders: A Lifespan-Inclusive, Multi-Modal, and Multi-Lingual Studycited by 0
- 2026A Multi-Probe Audit of Clinical-Interview Depression Detection Benchmarks13 May 2026
- 2025Foundation Model-based Evaluation of Neuropsychiatric Disorders: A Lifespan-Inclusive, Multi-Modal, and Multi-Lingual Study24 Dec 2025
- 2025Probabilistic Textual Time Series Depression Detection6 Nov 2025
- 2025Automatic Depression Assessment using Machine Learning: A Comprehensive Survey9 Jun 2025
- 2025Enhancing Depression Detection via Question-wise Modality Fusion26 Mar 2025
- 2025Explainable Multimodal Depression Recognition in Clinical Interviews via PHQ-Aligned Symptom Summarization27 Jan 2025
- 2024Depression Detection and Analysis using Large Language Models on Textual and Audio-Visual Modalities8 Jul 2024
- 2024MOGAM: A Multimodal Object-oriented Graph Attention Model for Depression Detection21 Mar 2024
- 2024Reading Between the Frames: Multi-Modal Depression Detection in Videos from Non-Verbal Cues5 Jan 2024
- 2023DEPAC: a Corpus for Depression and Anxiety Detection from Speech20 Jun 2023
- 2023Cost-effective Models for Detecting Depression from Speech18 Feb 2023
- 2022CubeMLP: An MLP-based Model for Multimodal Sentiment Analysis and Depression Estimation28 Jul 2022
7 more
- 2022Multi-modal Depression Estimation based on Sub-attentional Fusion13 Jul 2022
- 2022Automatic Depression Detection via Learning and Fusing Features from Visual Cues1 Mar 2022
- 2022Prediction of Depression Severity Based on the Prosodic and Semantic Features with Bidirectional LSTM and Time Distributed CNN25 Feb 2022
- 2022Multimodal Depression Classification Using Articulatory Coordination Features And Hierarchical Attention Based Text Embeddings13 Feb 2022
- 2022Neural Architecture Searching for Facial Attributes-based Depression Recognition24 Jan 2022
- 2021Predicting Mood Disorder Symptoms with Remotely Collected Videos Using an Interpretable Multimodal Dynamic Attention Fusion Network7 Sep 2021
- 2021Speech based Depression Severity Level Classification Using a Multi-Stage Dilated CNN-LSTM Model9 Apr 2021
- 2022CubeMLP: An MLP-based Model for Multimodal Sentiment Analysis and Depression Estimationcited by 39
- 2022Multi-modal Depression Estimation based on Sub-attentional Fusioncited by 15
- 2024Reading Between the Frames: Multi-Modal Depression Detection in Videos from Non-Verbal Cuescited by 11
- 2023DEPAC: a Corpus for Depression and Anxiety Detection from Speechcited by 8
- 2022Prediction of Depression Severity Based on the Prosodic and Semantic Features with Bidirectional LSTM and Time Distributed CNNcited by 7
- 2022Automatic Depression Detection via Learning and Fusing Features from Visual Cuescited by 5
- 2024Depression Detection and Analysis using Large Language Models on Textual and Audio-Visual Modalitiescited by 5
- 2021Speech based Depression Severity Level Classification Using a Multi-Stage Dilated CNN-LSTM Modelcited by 4
- 2022Multimodal Depression Classification Using Articulatory Coordination Features And Hierarchical Attention Based Text Embeddingscited by 3
- 2025Enhancing Depression Detection via Question-wise Modality Fusioncited by 3
- 2021Predicting Mood Disorder Symptoms with Remotely Collected Videos Using an Interpretable Multimodal Dynamic Attention Fusion Networkcited by 2
- 2022Neural Architecture Searching for Facial Attributes-based Depression Recognitioncited by 2
12 most cited of 19 All 19 (JSON)
- 2026A Multi-Probe Audit of Clinical-Interview Depression Detection Benchmarks13 May 2026
- 2025Foundation Model-based Evaluation of Neuropsychiatric Disorders: A Lifespan-Inclusive, Multi-Modal, and Multi-Lingual Study24 Dec 2025
- 2025Probabilistic Textual Time Series Depression Detection6 Nov 2025
- 2025Automatic Depression Assessment using Machine Learning: A Comprehensive Survey9 Jun 2025
- 2025Enhancing Depression Detection via Question-wise Modality Fusion26 Mar 2025
- 2025Explainable Multimodal Depression Recognition in Clinical Interviews via PHQ-Aligned Symptom Summarization27 Jan 2025
- 2024Depression Detection and Analysis using Large Language Models on Textual and Audio-Visual Modalities8 Jul 2024
- 2024MOGAM: A Multimodal Object-oriented Graph Attention Model for Depression Detection21 Mar 2024
- 2024Reading Between the Frames: Multi-Modal Depression Detection in Videos from Non-Verbal Cues5 Jan 2024
- 2023DEPAC: a Corpus for Depression and Anxiety Detection from Speech20 Jun 2023
- 2023Cost-effective Models for Detecting Depression from Speech18 Feb 2023
- 2022CubeMLP: An MLP-based Model for Multimodal Sentiment Analysis and Depression Estimation28 Jul 2022
12 newest of 19 All 19 (JSON)