Rethinking the Evaluation of Video Summaries
Not on the map. Why?
Abstract (arXiv)
Video summarization is a technique to create a short skim of the original video while preserving the main stories/content. There exists a substantial interest in automatizing this process due to the rapid growth of the available material. The recent progress has been facilitated by public benchmark datasets, which enable easy and fair comparison of methods. Currently the established evaluation protocol is to compare the generated summary with respect to a set of reference summaries provided by the dataset. In this paper, we will provide in-depth assessment of this pipeline using two popular benchmark datasets. Surprisingly, we observe that randomly generated summaries achieve comparable or better performance to the state-of-the-art. In some cases, the random summaries outperform even the human generated summaries in leave-one-out experiments. Moreover, it turns out that the video segmentation, which is often considered as a fixed pre-processing method, has the most significant impact on the performance measure. Based on our observations, we propose alternative approaches for assessing the importance scores as well as an intuitive visualization of correlation between the estimated scoring and human annotations.
Key facts. Cited by 62 papers in the map (data through 14 Oct 2026). First posted on arXiv 27 Mar 2019.
Builds on
No reference list yet.
Built on by
Citing papers per year: 2021: 15; 2022: 8; 2023: 5; 2024: 11; 2025: 11; 2026: 12.
62 papers.
Sort:
By area:
- 2021CLIP-It! Language-Guided Video Summarizationcited by 99
- 2021Video Summarization Using Deep Neural Networks: A Surveycited by 85
- 2023Align and Attend: Multimodal Summarization with Dual Contrastive Lossescited by 65
- 2024V2Xum-LLM: Cross-Modal Video Summarization with Temporal Prompt Instruction Tuningcited by 46
- 2023VideoXum: Cross-modal Visual and Textural Summarization of Videoscited by 41
- 2022TL;DW? Summarizing Instructional Videos with Task Relevance & Cross-Modal Saliencycited by 35
- 2021Reconstructive Sequence-Graph Network for Video Summarizationcited by 34
- 2021Supervised Video Summarization via Multiple Feature Sets with Parallel Attentioncited by 26
- 2024CSTA: CNN-based Spatiotemporal Attention for Video Summarizationcited by 23
- 2021Video Summarization through Reinforcement Learning with a 3D Spatio-Temporal U-Netcited by 22
- 2022Progressive Video Summarization via Multimodal Self-supervised Learningcited by 21
- 2021Hierarchical Multimodal Transformer to Summarize Videoscited by 19
38 more
- 2021Learning to Cut by Watching Moviescited by 18
- 2024Scaling Up Video Summarization Pretraining with Large Language Modelscited by 17
- 2022Learning Pixel-Level Distinctions for Video Highlight Detectioncited by 16
- 2025Video Summarization with Large Language Modelscited by 16
- 2021Transcript to Video: Efficient Clip Sequencing from Textscited by 13
- 2021Video Joint Modelling Based on Hierarchical Transformer for Co-summarizationcited by 10
- 2021DeepQAMVS: Query-Aware Hierarchical Pointer Networks for Multi-Video Summarizationcited by 8
- 2021How Good is a Video Summary? A New Benchmarking Dataset and Evaluation Framework Towards Realistic Video Summarizationcited by 6
- 2022Video Summarization Overviewcited by 6
- 2021AudioVisual Video Summarizationcited by 5
- 2022Contrastive Losses Are Natural Criteria for Unsupervised Video Summarizationcited by 5
- 2022Multimodal Frame-Scoring Transformer for Video Summarizationcited by 4
- 2024VideoSAGE: Video Summarization with Graph Representation Learningcited by 4
- 2025SummDiff: Generative Modeling of Video Summarization with Diffusioncited by 4
- 2021Use of Affective Visual Information for Summarization of Human-Centric Videoscited by 3
- 2024Language-Guided Self-Supervised Video Summarization Using Text Semantic Matching Considering the Diversity of the Videocited by 3
- 2025SD-VSum: A Method and Dataset for Script-Driven Video Summarizationcited by 3
- 2022MHSCNet: A Multimodal Hierarchical Shot-aware Convolutional Network for Video Summarizationcited by 2
- 2023Masked Autoencoder for Unsupervised Video Summarizationcited by 2
- 2025MS-Temba: Multi-Scale Temporal Mamba for Understanding Long Untrimmed Videoscited by 2
- 2025TRIM: A Self-Supervised Video Summarization Framework Maximizing Temporal Relative Information and Representativenesscited by 2
- 2025AHA -- Predicting What Matters Next: Online Highlight Detection Without Looking Aheadcited by 2
- 2026TripleSumm: Adaptive Triple-Modality Fusion for Video Summarizationcited by 2
- 2026SKIP: Sparse Keyframe Interpolation Paradigm for Efficient Embodied World Modelscited by 2
- 2022Exploring Global Diversity and Local Context for Video Summarizationcited by 1
- 2023Learning to Summarize Videos by Contrasting Clipscited by 1
- 2024"Previously on ..." From Recaps to Story Summarizationcited by 1
- 2024UBiSS: A Unified Framework for Bimodal Semantic Summarization of Videoscited by 1
- 2024Video Summarization using Denoising Diffusion Probabilistic Modelcited by 1
- 2025Early Exit and Multi Stage Knowledge Distillation in VLMs for Video Summarizationcited by 1
- 2026TRIMMER: A New Paradigm for Video Summarization through Self-Supervised Reinforcement Learningcited by 1
- 2026MEDit-Bench: A Dataset for Evaluating Message-Driven Narrative Video Editingcited by 1
- 2021Unsupervised Video Summarization with a Convolutional Attentive Adversarial Networkcited by 0
- 2021Scaling New Peaks: A Viewership-centric Approach to Automated Content Curationcited by 0
- 2023SELF-VS: Self-supervised Encoding Learning For Video Summarizationcited by 0
- 2024Reinforcement Learning for Unsupervised Video Summarization with Reward Generator Trainingcited by 0
- 2024Does SpatioTemporal information benefit Two video summarization benchmarks?cited by 0
- 2024A multi-purpose automatic editing system based on lecture semantics for remote educationcited by 0
50 most cited of 62 All 62 (JSON)
- 2026TSMD: Temporal-Stream Modality Dropout for Robust Video Highlight Detection30 Sep 2026
- 2026Identity-Centric Video Summarization via Hierarchical Fusion of Biometric, Appearance, and 3D Body Features22 Sep 2026
- 2026Zero-shot video highlight detection based on text descriptions and synthetic images13 Sep 2026
- 2026SGWIB:Sliced Gromov-Wasserstein Information Bottleneck for Video Highlight Detection12 Sep 2026
- 2026MEDit-Bench: A Dataset for Evaluating Message-Driven Narrative Video Editing28 Jul 2026
- 2026Scribby: A Multi-Level LLM Framework for Semantic Video Analysis8 Jun 2026
- 2026SKIP: Sparse Keyframe Interpolation Paradigm for Efficient Embodied World Models30 May 2026
- 2026HAVEN: Hierarchically Aligned Multimodal Benchmark for Unified Video Understanding19 May 2026
- 2026TRIMMER: A New Paradigm for Video Summarization through Self-Supervised Reinforcement Learning3 May 2026
- 2026LVSum: A Benchmark for Timestamp-Aware Long Video Summarization11 Apr 2026
- 2026TripleSumm: Adaptive Triple-Modality Fusion for Video Summarization1 Mar 2026
- 2026STEC: A Reference-Free Spatio-Temporal Entropy Coverage Metric for Evaluating Sampled Video Frames20 Jan 2026
38 more
- 2025AdSum: Two-stream Audio-visual Summarization for Automated Video Advertisement Clipping30 Oct 2025
- 2025SummDiff: Generative Modeling of Video Summarization with Diffusion9 Oct 2025
- 2025SD-MVSum: Script-Driven Multimodal Video Summarization Method and Datasets7 Oct 2025
- 2025AHA -- Predicting What Matters Next: Online Highlight Detection Without Looking Ahead19 Sep 2025
- 2025Language-guided Recursive Spatiotemporal Graph Modeling for Video Summarization6 Sep 2025
- 2025TRIM: A Self-Supervised Video Summarization Framework Maximizing Temporal Relative Information and Representativeness25 Jun 2025
- 2025Unsupervised Transcript-assisted Video Summarization and Highlight Detection29 May 2025
- 2025SD-VSum: A Method and Dataset for Script-Driven Video Summarization6 May 2025
- 2025Early Exit and Multi Stage Knowledge Distillation in VLMs for Video Summarization30 Apr 2025
- 2025Video Summarization with Large Language Models15 Apr 2025
- 2025MS-Temba: Multi-Scale Temporal Mamba for Understanding Long Untrimmed Videos10 Jan 2025
- 2024Video Summarization using Denoising Diffusion Probabilistic Model11 Dec 2024
- 2024A multi-purpose automatic editing system based on lecture semantics for remote education7 Nov 2024
- 2024Does SpatioTemporal information benefit Two video summarization benchmarks?4 Oct 2024
- 2024Reinforcement Learning for Unsupervised Video Summarization with Reward Generator Training5 Jul 2024
- 2024UBiSS: A Unified Framework for Bimodal Semantic Summarization of Videos24 Jun 2024
- 2024CSTA: CNN-based Spatiotemporal Attention for Video Summarization20 May 2024
- 2024"Previously on ..." From Recaps to Story Summarization19 May 2024
- 2024Language-Guided Self-Supervised Video Summarization Using Text Semantic Matching Considering the Diversity of the Video14 May 2024
- 2024V2Xum-LLM: Cross-Modal Video Summarization with Temporal Prompt Instruction Tuning18 Apr 2024
- 2024VideoSAGE: Video Summarization with Graph Representation Learning14 Apr 2024
- 2024Scaling Up Video Summarization Pretraining with Large Language Models4 Apr 2024
- 2023Masked Autoencoder for Unsupervised Video Summarization2 Jun 2023
- 2023SELF-VS: Self-supervised Encoding Learning For Video Summarization28 Mar 2023
- 2023VideoXum: Cross-modal Visual and Textural Summarization of Videos21 Mar 2023
- 2023Align and Attend: Multimodal Summarization with Dual Contrastive Losses13 Mar 2023
- 2023Learning to Summarize Videos by Contrasting Clips12 Jan 2023
- 2022Contrastive Losses Are Natural Criteria for Unsupervised Video Summarization18 Nov 2022
- 2022Video Summarization Overview21 Oct 2022
- 2022TL;DW? Summarizing Instructional Videos with Task Relevance & Cross-Modal Saliency14 Aug 2022
- 2022Multimodal Frame-Scoring Transformer for Video Summarization5 Jul 2022
- 2022MHSCNet: A Multimodal Hierarchical Shot-aware Convolutional Network for Video Summarization18 Apr 2022
- 2022Learning Pixel-Level Distinctions for Video Highlight Detection10 Apr 2022
- 2022Exploring Global Diversity and Local Context for Video Summarization27 Jan 2022
- 2022Progressive Video Summarization via Multimodal Self-supervised Learning7 Jan 2022
- 2021Video Joint Modelling Based on Hierarchical Transformer for Co-summarization27 Dec 2021
- 2021Hierarchical Multimodal Transformer to Summarize Videos22 Sep 2021
- 2021Learning to Cut by Watching Movies9 Aug 2021
50 newest of 62 All 62 (JSON)
- 2021CLIP-It! Language-Guided Video Summarizationcited by 99
- 2021Video Summarization Using Deep Neural Networks: A Surveycited by 85
- 2023Align and Attend: Multimodal Summarization with Dual Contrastive Lossescited by 65
- 2024V2Xum-LLM: Cross-Modal Video Summarization with Temporal Prompt Instruction Tuningcited by 46
- 2023VideoXum: Cross-modal Visual and Textural Summarization of Videoscited by 41
- 2022TL;DW? Summarizing Instructional Videos with Task Relevance & Cross-Modal Saliencycited by 35
- 2021Reconstructive Sequence-Graph Network for Video Summarizationcited by 34
- 2021Supervised Video Summarization via Multiple Feature Sets with Parallel Attentioncited by 26
- 2024CSTA: CNN-based Spatiotemporal Attention for Video Summarizationcited by 23
- 2021Video Summarization through Reinforcement Learning with a 3D Spatio-Temporal U-Netcited by 22
- 2022Progressive Video Summarization via Multimodal Self-supervised Learningcited by 21
- 2021Hierarchical Multimodal Transformer to Summarize Videoscited by 19
12 most cited of 53 All 53 (JSON)
- 2026TSMD: Temporal-Stream Modality Dropout for Robust Video Highlight Detection30 Sep 2026
- 2026Identity-Centric Video Summarization via Hierarchical Fusion of Biometric, Appearance, and 3D Body Features22 Sep 2026
- 2026SGWIB:Sliced Gromov-Wasserstein Information Bottleneck for Video Highlight Detection12 Sep 2026
- 2026MEDit-Bench: A Dataset for Evaluating Message-Driven Narrative Video Editing28 Jul 2026
- 2026Scribby: A Multi-Level LLM Framework for Semantic Video Analysis8 Jun 2026
- 2026TripleSumm: Adaptive Triple-Modality Fusion for Video Summarization1 Mar 2026
- 2026STEC: A Reference-Free Spatio-Temporal Entropy Coverage Metric for Evaluating Sampled Video Frames20 Jan 2026
- 2025AdSum: Two-stream Audio-visual Summarization for Automated Video Advertisement Clipping30 Oct 2025
- 2025SummDiff: Generative Modeling of Video Summarization with Diffusion9 Oct 2025
- 2025SD-MVSum: Script-Driven Multimodal Video Summarization Method and Datasets7 Oct 2025
- 2025AHA -- Predicting What Matters Next: Online Highlight Detection Without Looking Ahead19 Sep 2025
- 2025Language-guided Recursive Spatiotemporal Graph Modeling for Video Summarization6 Sep 2025
12 newest of 53 All 53 (JSON)