Unsupervised Person Re-identification by Soft Multilabel Learning
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Abstract (arXiv)
Although unsupervised person re-identification (RE-ID) has drawn increasing research attentions due to its potential to address the scalability problem of supervised RE-ID models, it is very challenging to learn discriminative information in the absence of pairwise labels across disjoint camera views. To overcome this problem, we propose a deep model for the soft multilabel learning for unsupervised RE-ID. The idea is to learn a soft multilabel (real-valued label likelihood vector) for each unlabeled person by comparing (and representing) the unlabeled person with a set of known reference persons from an auxiliary domain. We propose the soft multilabel-guided hard negative mining to learn a discriminative embedding for the unlabeled target domain by exploring the similarity consistency of the visual features and the soft multilabels of unlabeled target pairs. Since most target pairs are cross-view pairs, we develop the cross-view consistent soft multilabel learning to achieve the learning goal that the soft multilabels are consistently good across different camera views. To enable effecient soft multilabel learning, we introduce the reference agent learning to represent each reference person by a reference agent in a joint embedding. We evaluate our unified deep model on Market-1501 and DukeMTMC-reID. Our model outperforms the state-of-the-art unsupervised RE-ID methods by clear margins. Code is available at https://github.com/KovenYu/MAR.
Key facts. Cited by 53 papers in the map (data through 7 Oct 2026). First posted on arXiv 15 Mar 2019.
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Citing papers per year: 2021: 22; 2022: 6; 2023: 12; 2024: 6; 2025: 6; 2026: 1.
53 papers.
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- 2021IDM: An Intermediate Domain Module for Domain Adaptive Person Re-IDcited by 51
- 2021Self-Supervised Pre-Training for Transformer-Based Person Re-Identificationcited by 36
- 2023Learning Clothing and Pose Invariant 3D Shape Representation for Long-Term Person Re-Identificationcited by 34
- 2022Lifelong Person Re-Identification via Knowledge Refreshing and Consolidationcited by 26
- 2021Complementary Pseudo Labels For Unsupervised Domain Adaptation On Person Re-identificationcited by 23
- 2021Deep learning-based person re-identification methods: A survey and outlook of recent workscited by 23
- 2024Transformer for Object Re-Identification: A Surveycited by 21
- 2023Are These the Same Apple? Comparing Images Based on Object Intrinsicscited by 19
- 2021Lifelong Unsupervised Domain Adaptive Person Re-identification with Coordinated Anti-forgetting and Adaptationcited by 18
- 2021DeepChange: A Large Long-Term Person Re-Identification Benchmark with Clothes Changecited by 17
- 2021Uncertainty-aware Clustering for Unsupervised Domain Adaptive Object Re-identificationcited by 15
- 2025SapiensID: Foundation for Human Recognitioncited by 14
38 more
- 2024Exploring Homogeneous and Heterogeneous Consistent Label Associations for Unsupervised Visible-Infrared Person ReIDcited by 13
- 2021Hard-sample Guided Hybrid Contrast Learning for Unsupervised Person Re-Identificationcited by 12
- 2022Pseudo-Pair based Self-Similarity Learning for Unsupervised Person Re-identificationcited by 11
- 2025HAMoBE: Hierarchical and Adaptive Mixture of Biometric Experts for Video-based Person ReIDcited by 10
- 2023CA-Jaccard: Camera-aware Jaccard Distance for Person Re-identificationcited by 8
- 2021Unsupervised Person Re-identification with Stochastic Training Strategycited by 7
- 2023Learning Invariance from Generated Variance for Unsupervised Person Re-identificationcited by 7
- 2021Unsupervised Person Re-Identification with Multi-Label Learning Guided Self-Paced Clusteringcited by 6
- 2021Rethinking Sampling Strategies for Unsupervised Person Re-identificationcited by 6
- 2021Meta Clustering Learning for Large-scale Unsupervised Person Re-identificationcited by 6
- 2023Color Prompting for Data-Free Continual Unsupervised Domain Adaptive Person Re-Identificationcited by 6
- 2023Rethinking Person Re-identification from a Projection-on-Prototypes Perspectivecited by 6
- 2025Rotation-Adaptive Point Cloud Domain Generalization via Intricate Orientation Learningcited by 5
- 2025Try Harder: Hard Sample Generation and Learning for Clothes-Changing Person Re-IDcited by 5
- 2021Domain-Class Correlation Decomposition for Generalizable Person Re-Identificationcited by 4
- 2021Unsupervised Domain Adaptive Learning via Synthetic Data for Person Re-identificationcited by 2
- 2021A formal approach to good practices in Pseudo-Labeling for Unsupervised Domain Adaptive Re-Identificationcited by 2
- 2022Bridging the Source-to-target Gap for Cross-domain Person Re-Identification with Intermediate Domainscited by 2
- 2023Pseudo Labels Refinement with Intra-camera Similarity for Unsupervised Person Re-identificationcited by 2
- 2021Disentanglement-based Cross-Domain Feature Augmentation for Effective Unsupervised Domain Adaptive Person Re-identificationcited by 1
- 2021Unsupervised Person Re-identification via Simultaneous Clustering and Consistency Learningcited by 1
- 2021Going Deeper into Semi-supervised Person Re-identificationcited by 1
- 2021Unsupervised Domain Generalization for Person Re-identification: A Domain-specific Adaptive Frameworkcited by 1
- 2022Unsupervised Long-Term Person Re-Identification with Clothes Changecited by 1
- 2022Neighbour Consistency Guided Pseudo-Label Refinement for Unsupervised Person Re-Identificationcited by 1
- 2023Person Re-ID through Unsupervised Hypergraph Rank Selection and Fusioncited by 1
- 2023Quantum learning and essential cognition under the traction of meta-characteristics in an open worldcited by 1
- 2024BEE-NET: A deep neural network to identify in-the-wild Bodily Expression of Emotionscited by 1
- 2024Pseudo-label Refinement for Improving Self-Supervised Learning Systemscited by 1
- 2025Exploring the Camera Bias of Person Re-identificationcited by 1
- 2021Take More Positives: An Empirical Study of Contrastive Learing in Unsupervised Person Re-Identificationcited by 0
- 2021Unsupervised Person Re-identification via Multi-Label Prediction and Classification based on Graph-Structural Insightcited by 0
- 2021Dual Cluster Contrastive learning for Object Re-Identificationcited by 0
- 2022Feature Diversity Learning with Sample Dropout for Unsupervised Domain Adaptive Person Re-identificationcited by 0
- 2023Camera-Incremental Object Re-Identification with Identity Knowledge Evolutioncited by 0
- 2023Domain Adaptive Person Search via GAN-based Scene Synthesis for Cross-scene Videoscited by 0
- 2023Prototype-guided Cross-modal Completion and Alignment for Incomplete Text-based Person Re-identificationcited by 0
- 2024Contrastive Multiple Instance Learning for Weakly Supervised Person ReIDcited by 0
50 most cited of 53 All 53 (JSON)
- 2026Context-Aware Mixture of Domain Experts for Bodily Expression of Emotion in the Wild3 Aug 2026
- 2025FedKLPR: KL-Guided Pruning-Aware Federated Learning for Person Re-Identification24 Aug 2025
- 2025HAMoBE: Hierarchical and Adaptive Mixture of Biometric Experts for Video-based Person ReID7 Aug 2025
- 2025Try Harder: Hard Sample Generation and Learning for Clothes-Changing Person Re-ID15 Jul 2025
- 2025SapiensID: Foundation for Human Recognition7 Apr 2025
- 2025Exploring the Camera Bias of Person Re-identification14 Feb 2025
- 2025Rotation-Adaptive Point Cloud Domain Generalization via Intricate Orientation Learning4 Feb 2025
- 2024Pseudo-label Refinement for Improving Self-Supervised Learning Systems18 Oct 2024
- 2024GLRT-Based Metric Learning for Remote Sensing Object Retrieval8 Oct 2024
- 2024BEE-NET: A deep neural network to identify in-the-wild Bodily Expression of Emotions21 Feb 2024
- 2024Contrastive Multiple Instance Learning for Weakly Supervised Person ReID12 Feb 2024
- 2024Exploring Homogeneous and Heterogeneous Consistent Label Associations for Unsupervised Visible-Infrared Person ReID1 Feb 2024
38 more
- 2024Transformer for Object Re-Identification: A Survey13 Jan 2024
- 2023Quantum learning and essential cognition under the traction of meta-characteristics in an open world22 Nov 2023
- 2023CA-Jaccard: Camera-aware Jaccard Distance for Person Re-identification17 Nov 2023
- 2023Are These the Same Apple? Comparing Images Based on Object Intrinsics1 Nov 2023
- 2023Prototype-guided Cross-modal Completion and Alignment for Incomplete Text-based Person Re-identification29 Sep 2023
- 2023Rethinking Person Re-identification from a Projection-on-Prototypes Perspective21 Aug 2023
- 2023Color Prompting for Data-Free Continual Unsupervised Domain Adaptive Person Re-Identification21 Aug 2023
- 2023Learning Clothing and Pose Invariant 3D Shape Representation for Long-Term Person Re-Identification21 Aug 2023
- 2023Domain Adaptive Person Search via GAN-based Scene Synthesis for Cross-scene Videos8 Aug 2023
- 2023Camera-Incremental Object Re-Identification with Identity Knowledge Evolution25 May 2023
- 2023Person Re-ID through Unsupervised Hypergraph Rank Selection and Fusion27 Apr 2023
- 2023Pseudo Labels Refinement with Intra-camera Similarity for Unsupervised Person Re-identification25 Apr 2023
- 2023Learning Invariance from Generated Variance for Unsupervised Person Re-identification2 Jan 2023
- 2022Neighbour Consistency Guided Pseudo-Label Refinement for Unsupervised Person Re-Identification30 Nov 2022
- 2022Lifelong Person Re-Identification via Knowledge Refreshing and Consolidation29 Nov 2022
- 2022Pseudo-Pair based Self-Similarity Learning for Unsupervised Person Re-identification9 Jul 2022
- 2022Bridging the Source-to-target Gap for Cross-domain Person Re-Identification with Intermediate Domains3 Mar 2022
- 2022Unsupervised Long-Term Person Re-Identification with Clothes Change7 Feb 2022
- 2022Feature Diversity Learning with Sample Dropout for Unsupervised Domain Adaptive Person Re-identification25 Jan 2022
- 2021A formal approach to good practices in Pseudo-Labeling for Unsupervised Domain Adaptive Re-Identification24 Dec 2021
- 2021Lifelong Unsupervised Domain Adaptive Person Re-identification with Coordinated Anti-forgetting and Adaptation13 Dec 2021
- 2021Dual Cluster Contrastive learning for Object Re-Identification9 Dec 2021
- 2021Unsupervised Domain Generalization for Person Re-identification: A Domain-specific Adaptive Framework30 Nov 2021
- 2021Self-Supervised Pre-Training for Transformer-Based Person Re-Identification23 Nov 2021
- 2021Meta Clustering Learning for Large-scale Unsupervised Person Re-identification19 Nov 2021
- 2021Deep learning-based person re-identification methods: A survey and outlook of recent works10 Oct 2021
- 2021Hard-sample Guided Hybrid Contrast Learning for Unsupervised Person Re-Identification25 Sep 2021
- 2021Unsupervised Domain Adaptive Learning via Synthetic Data for Person Re-identification12 Sep 2021
- 2021Uncertainty-aware Clustering for Unsupervised Domain Adaptive Object Re-identification22 Aug 2021
- 2021Unsupervised Person Re-identification with Stochastic Training Strategy16 Aug 2021
- 2021IDM: An Intermediate Domain Module for Domain Adaptive Person Re-ID5 Aug 2021
- 2021Going Deeper into Semi-supervised Person Re-identification24 Jul 2021
- 2021Rethinking Sampling Strategies for Unsupervised Person Re-identification7 Jul 2021
- 2021Domain-Class Correlation Decomposition for Generalizable Person Re-Identification29 Jun 2021
- 2021Unsupervised Person Re-identification via Multi-Label Prediction and Classification based on Graph-Structural Insight16 Jun 2021
- 2021DeepChange: A Large Long-Term Person Re-Identification Benchmark with Clothes Change31 May 2021
- 2021Unsupervised Person Re-identification via Simultaneous Clustering and Consistency Learning1 Apr 2021
- 2021Disentanglement-based Cross-Domain Feature Augmentation for Effective Unsupervised Domain Adaptive Person Re-identification25 Mar 2021
50 newest of 53 All 53 (JSON)
- 2021IDM: An Intermediate Domain Module for Domain Adaptive Person Re-IDcited by 51
- 2021Self-Supervised Pre-Training for Transformer-Based Person Re-Identificationcited by 36
- 2023Learning Clothing and Pose Invariant 3D Shape Representation for Long-Term Person Re-Identificationcited by 34
- 2022Lifelong Person Re-Identification via Knowledge Refreshing and Consolidationcited by 26
- 2021Complementary Pseudo Labels For Unsupervised Domain Adaptation On Person Re-identificationcited by 23
- 2021Deep learning-based person re-identification methods: A survey and outlook of recent workscited by 23
- 2024Transformer for Object Re-Identification: A Surveycited by 21
- 2023Are These the Same Apple? Comparing Images Based on Object Intrinsicscited by 19
- 2021Lifelong Unsupervised Domain Adaptive Person Re-identification with Coordinated Anti-forgetting and Adaptationcited by 18
- 2021DeepChange: A Large Long-Term Person Re-Identification Benchmark with Clothes Changecited by 17
- 2021Uncertainty-aware Clustering for Unsupervised Domain Adaptive Object Re-identificationcited by 15
- 2025SapiensID: Foundation for Human Recognitioncited by 14
12 most cited of 53 All 53 (JSON)
- 2026Context-Aware Mixture of Domain Experts for Bodily Expression of Emotion in the Wild3 Aug 2026
- 2025FedKLPR: KL-Guided Pruning-Aware Federated Learning for Person Re-Identification24 Aug 2025
- 2025HAMoBE: Hierarchical and Adaptive Mixture of Biometric Experts for Video-based Person ReID7 Aug 2025
- 2025Try Harder: Hard Sample Generation and Learning for Clothes-Changing Person Re-ID15 Jul 2025
- 2025SapiensID: Foundation for Human Recognition7 Apr 2025
- 2025Exploring the Camera Bias of Person Re-identification14 Feb 2025
- 2025Rotation-Adaptive Point Cloud Domain Generalization via Intricate Orientation Learning4 Feb 2025
- 2024Pseudo-label Refinement for Improving Self-Supervised Learning Systems18 Oct 2024
- 2024GLRT-Based Metric Learning for Remote Sensing Object Retrieval8 Oct 2024
- 2024BEE-NET: A deep neural network to identify in-the-wild Bodily Expression of Emotions21 Feb 2024
- 2024Contrastive Multiple Instance Learning for Weakly Supervised Person ReID12 Feb 2024
- 2024Exploring Homogeneous and Heterogeneous Consistent Label Associations for Unsupervised Visible-Infrared Person ReID1 Feb 2024
12 newest of 53 All 53 (JSON)