Maximal Jacobian-based Saliency Map Attack
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Abstract (arXiv)
The Jacobian-based Saliency Map Attack is a family of adversarial attack methods for fooling classification models, such as deep neural networks for image classification tasks. By saturating a few pixels in a given image to their maximum or minimum values, JSMA can cause the model to misclassify the resulting adversarial image as a specified erroneous target class. We propose two variants of JSMA, one which removes the requirement to specify a target class, and another that additionally does not need to specify whether to only increase or decrease pixel intensities. Our experiments highlight the competitive speeds and qualities of these variants when applied to datasets of hand-written digits and natural scenes.
Key facts. Cited by 46 papers in the map (data through 7 Oct 2026). First posted on arXiv 23 Aug 2018.
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Citing papers per year: 2021: 10; 2022: 11; 2023: 8; 2024: 9; 2025: 7; 2026: 1.
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- 2021Robust Machine Learning Systems: Challenges, Current Trends, Perspectives, and the Road Aheadcited by 40
- 2022Towards Understanding and Boosting Adversarial Transferability from a Distribution Perspectivecited by 36
- 2021Class-Aware Robust Adversarial Training for Object Detectioncited by 27
- 2025A Survey on Efficient Vision-Language Modelscited by 19
- 2021Detecting Adversarial Examples by Input Transformations, Defense Perturbations, and Votingcited by 16
- 2021Adversarial Token Attacks on Vision Transformerscited by 11
- 2021Sparse Adversarial Video Attacks with Spatial Transformationscited by 11
- 2022Adversarial Laser Spot: Robust and Covert Physical-World Attack to DNNscited by 11
- 2022Adversarial Color Film: Effective Physical-World Attack to DNNscited by 11
- 2021Launching Adversarial Attacks against Network Intrusion Detection Systems for IoTcited by 9
- 2022Get your Foes Fooled: Proximal Gradient Split Learning for Defense against Model Inversion Attacks on IoMT datacited by 7
- 2022Scale-free and Task-agnostic Attack: Generating Photo-realistic Adversarial Patterns with Patch Quilting Generatorcited by 5
34 more
- 2021Patch Shortcuts: Interpretable Proxy Models Efficiently Find Black-Box Vulnerabilitiescited by 4
- 2022Adversarial Zoom Lens: A Novel Physical-World Attack to DNNscited by 4
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- 2025Breach in the Shield: Unveiling the Vulnerabilities of Large Language Modelscited by 4
- 2025Unsupervised Robust Domain Adaptation: Paradigm, Theory and Algorithmcited by 3
- 2022A Tutorial on Adversarial Learning Attacks and Countermeasurescited by 2
- 2023AdvMono3D: Advanced Monocular 3D Object Detection with Depth-Aware Robust Adversarial Trainingcited by 2
- 2023Self-supervised Adaptive Pre-training of Multilingual Speech Models for Language and Dialect Identificationcited by 2
- 2024JMA: a General Algorithm to Craft Nearly Optimal Targeted Adversarial Examplecited by 2
- 2025GenoArmory: A Unified Evaluation Framework for Adversarial Attacks on Genomic Foundation Modelscited by 2
- 2021Robustness-via-Synthesis: Robust Training with Generative Adversarial Perturbationscited by 1
- 2022Adversarial Color Projection: A Projector-based Physical Attack to DNNscited by 1
- 2022Adversarial Catoptric Light: An Effective, Stealthy and Robust Physical-World Attack to DNNscited by 1
- 2023Imperceptible Adversarial Attack on Deep Neural Networks from Image Boundarycited by 1
- 2025Detecting and Mitigating DDoS Attacks with AI: A Surveycited by 1
- 2021Fast Approximate Spectral Normalization for Robust Deep Neural Networkscited by 0
- 2021Signal Transformer: Complex-valued Attention and Meta-Learning for Signal Recognitioncited by 0
- 2022Impact of Scaled Image on Robustness of Deep Neural Networkscited by 0
- 2022Impact of Colour Variation on Robustness of Deep Neural Networkscited by 0
- 2023Impact of Light and Shadow on Robustness of Deep Neural Networkscited by 0
- 2023Enhancing Multilingual Speech Recognition through Language Prompt Tuning and Frame-Level Language Adaptercited by 0
- 2023GMTR: Graph Matching Transformerscited by 0
- 2023Universal Adversarial Framework to Improve Adversarial Robustness for Diabetic Retinopathy Detectioncited by 0
- 2023DarkShot: Lighting Dark Images with Low-Compute and High-Qualitycited by 0
- 2024TRLS: A Time Series Representation Learning Framework via Spectrogram for Medical Signal Processingcited by 0
- 2024TEN-GUARD: Tensor Decomposition for Backdoor Attack Detection in Deep Neural Networkscited by 0
- 2024NeuralSentinel: Safeguarding Neural Network Reliability and Trustworthinesscited by 0
- 2024T-Pixel2Mesh: Combining Global and Local Transformer for 3D Mesh Generation from a Single Imagecited by 0
- 2024Strategic Arms with Side Communication Prevail Over Low-Regret MAB Algorithmscited by 0
- 2024Towards General Deepfake Detection with Dynamic Curriculumcited by 0
- 2024Attr-Int: A Simple and Effective Entity Alignment Framework for Heterogeneous Knowledge Graphscited by 0
- 2025Adversarial Attacks in Multimodal Systems: A Practitioner's Surveycited by 0
- 2025Mask6D: Masked Pose Priors For 6D Object Pose Estimationcited by 0
- 2026Hiding in Plain Sight: Detectability-Aware Antidistillation of Reasoning Modelscited by 0
- 2026Hiding in Plain Sight: Detectability-Aware Antidistillation of Reasoning Models25 Apr 2026
- 2025Unsupervised Robust Domain Adaptation: Paradigm, Theory and Algorithm14 Nov 2025
- 2025Mask6D: Masked Pose Priors For 6D Object Pose Estimation9 Jul 2025
- 2025GenoArmory: A Unified Evaluation Framework for Adversarial Attacks on Genomic Foundation Models16 May 2025
- 2025Adversarial Attacks in Multimodal Systems: A Practitioner's Survey6 May 2025
- 2025A Survey on Efficient Vision-Language Models13 Apr 2025
- 2025Breach in the Shield: Unveiling the Vulnerabilities of Large Language Models28 Mar 2025
- 2025Detecting and Mitigating DDoS Attacks with AI: A Survey22 Mar 2025
- 2024Attr-Int: A Simple and Effective Entity Alignment Framework for Heterogeneous Knowledge Graphs17 Oct 2024
- 2024Towards General Deepfake Detection with Dynamic Curriculum15 Oct 2024
- 2024Strategic Arms with Side Communication Prevail Over Low-Regret MAB Algorithms30 Aug 2024
- 2024Red-Teaming Segment Anything Model2 Apr 2024
34 more
- 2024T-Pixel2Mesh: Combining Global and Local Transformer for 3D Mesh Generation from a Single Image20 Mar 2024
- 2024NeuralSentinel: Safeguarding Neural Network Reliability and Trustworthiness12 Feb 2024
- 2024TEN-GUARD: Tensor Decomposition for Backdoor Attack Detection in Deep Neural Networks6 Jan 2024
- 2024TRLS: A Time Series Representation Learning Framework via Spectrogram for Medical Signal Processing6 Jan 2024
- 2024JMA: a General Algorithm to Craft Nearly Optimal Targeted Adversarial Example2 Jan 2024
- 2023DarkShot: Lighting Dark Images with Low-Compute and High-Quality28 Dec 2023
- 2023Universal Adversarial Framework to Improve Adversarial Robustness for Diabetic Retinopathy Detection13 Dec 2023
- 2023Self-supervised Adaptive Pre-training of Multilingual Speech Models for Language and Dialect Identification12 Dec 2023
- 2023GMTR: Graph Matching Transformers14 Nov 2023
- 2023Enhancing Multilingual Speech Recognition through Language Prompt Tuning and Frame-Level Language Adapter18 Sep 2023
- 2023AdvMono3D: Advanced Monocular 3D Object Detection with Depth-Aware Robust Adversarial Training3 Sep 2023
- 2023Imperceptible Adversarial Attack on Deep Neural Networks from Image Boundary29 Aug 2023
- 2023Impact of Light and Shadow on Robustness of Deep Neural Networks23 May 2023
- 2022Towards Understanding and Boosting Adversarial Transferability from a Distribution Perspective9 Oct 2022
- 2022Adversarial Catoptric Light: An Effective, Stealthy and Robust Physical-World Attack to DNNs19 Sep 2022
- 2022Adversarial Color Projection: A Projector-based Physical Attack to DNNs19 Sep 2022
- 2022Impact of Colour Variation on Robustness of Deep Neural Networks2 Sep 2022
- 2022Adversarial Color Film: Effective Physical-World Attack to DNNs2 Sep 2022
- 2022Impact of Scaled Image on Robustness of Deep Neural Networks2 Sep 2022
- 2022Scale-free and Task-agnostic Attack: Generating Photo-realistic Adversarial Patterns with Patch Quilting Generator12 Aug 2022
- 2022Adversarial Zoom Lens: A Novel Physical-World Attack to DNNs23 Jun 2022
- 2022Adversarial Laser Spot: Robust and Covert Physical-World Attack to DNNs2 Jun 2022
- 2022A Tutorial on Adversarial Learning Attacks and Countermeasures21 Feb 2022
- 2022Get your Foes Fooled: Proximal Gradient Split Learning for Defense against Model Inversion Attacks on IoMT data12 Jan 2022
- 2021Sparse Adversarial Video Attacks with Spatial Transformations10 Nov 2021
- 2021Adversarial Token Attacks on Vision Transformers8 Oct 2021
- 2021Robustness-via-Synthesis: Robust Training with Generative Adversarial Perturbations22 Aug 2021
- 2021Signal Transformer: Complex-valued Attention and Meta-Learning for Signal Recognition5 Jun 2021
- 2021Launching Adversarial Attacks against Network Intrusion Detection Systems for IoT26 Apr 2021
- 2021Patch Shortcuts: Interpretable Proxy Models Efficiently Find Black-Box Vulnerabilities22 Apr 2021
- 2021Class-Aware Robust Adversarial Training for Object Detection30 Mar 2021
- 2021Fast Approximate Spectral Normalization for Robust Deep Neural Networks22 Mar 2021
- 2021Detecting Adversarial Examples by Input Transformations, Defense Perturbations, and Voting27 Jan 2021
- 2021Robust Machine Learning Systems: Challenges, Current Trends, Perspectives, and the Road Ahead4 Jan 2021
- 2025A Survey on Efficient Vision-Language Models13 Apr 2025
- 2025Breach in the Shield: Unveiling the Vulnerabilities of Large Language Models28 Mar 2025
- 2024Red-Teaming Segment Anything Modelcited by 4
- 2024Red-Teaming Segment Anything Model2 Apr 2024
- 2021Robust Machine Learning Systems: Challenges, Current Trends, Perspectives, and the Road Aheadcited by 40
- 2022Towards Understanding and Boosting Adversarial Transferability from a Distribution Perspectivecited by 36
- 2021Class-Aware Robust Adversarial Training for Object Detectioncited by 27
- 2021Detecting Adversarial Examples by Input Transformations, Defense Perturbations, and Votingcited by 16
- 2021Adversarial Token Attacks on Vision Transformerscited by 11
- 2021Sparse Adversarial Video Attacks with Spatial Transformationscited by 11
- 2022Adversarial Laser Spot: Robust and Covert Physical-World Attack to DNNscited by 11
- 2022Adversarial Color Film: Effective Physical-World Attack to DNNscited by 11
- 2021Launching Adversarial Attacks against Network Intrusion Detection Systems for IoTcited by 9
- 2022Get your Foes Fooled: Proximal Gradient Split Learning for Defense against Model Inversion Attacks on IoMT datacited by 7
- 2022Scale-free and Task-agnostic Attack: Generating Photo-realistic Adversarial Patterns with Patch Quilting Generatorcited by 5
- 2021Patch Shortcuts: Interpretable Proxy Models Efficiently Find Black-Box Vulnerabilitiescited by 4
12 most cited of 42 All 42 (JSON)
- 2025Unsupervised Robust Domain Adaptation: Paradigm, Theory and Algorithm14 Nov 2025
- 2025Mask6D: Masked Pose Priors For 6D Object Pose Estimation9 Jul 2025
- 2025GenoArmory: A Unified Evaluation Framework for Adversarial Attacks on Genomic Foundation Models16 May 2025
- 2025Adversarial Attacks in Multimodal Systems: A Practitioner's Survey6 May 2025
- 2025Detecting and Mitigating DDoS Attacks with AI: A Survey22 Mar 2025
- 2024Attr-Int: A Simple and Effective Entity Alignment Framework for Heterogeneous Knowledge Graphs17 Oct 2024
- 2024Towards General Deepfake Detection with Dynamic Curriculum15 Oct 2024
- 2024Strategic Arms with Side Communication Prevail Over Low-Regret MAB Algorithms30 Aug 2024
- 2024T-Pixel2Mesh: Combining Global and Local Transformer for 3D Mesh Generation from a Single Image20 Mar 2024
- 2024NeuralSentinel: Safeguarding Neural Network Reliability and Trustworthiness12 Feb 2024
- 2024TEN-GUARD: Tensor Decomposition for Backdoor Attack Detection in Deep Neural Networks6 Jan 2024
- 2024TRLS: A Time Series Representation Learning Framework via Spectrogram for Medical Signal Processing6 Jan 2024
12 newest of 42 All 42 (JSON)