Arap-Tweet: A Large Multi-Dialect Twitter Corpus for Gender, Age and Language Variety Identification
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Abstract (arXiv)
In this paper, we present Arap-Tweet, which is a large-scale and multi-dialectal corpus of Tweets from 11 regions and 16 countries in the Arab world representing the major Arabic dialectal varieties. To build this corpus, we collected data from Twitter and we provided a team of experienced annotators with annotation guidelines that they used to annotate the corpus for age categories, gender, and dialectal variety. During the data collection effort, we based our search on distinctive keywords that are specific to the different Arabic dialects and we also validated the location using Twitter API. In this paper, we report on the corpus data collection and annotation efforts. We also present some issues that we encountered during these phases. Then, we present the results of the evaluation performed to ensure the consistency of the annotation. The provided corpus will enrich the limited set of available language resources for Arabic and will be an invaluable enabler for developing author profiling tools and NLP tools for Arabic.
Key facts. Cited by 23 papers in the map (data through 7 Oct 2026). First posted on arXiv 23 Aug 2018.
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Citing papers per year: 2021: 3; 2022: 4; 2023: 5; 2024: 3; 2025: 3; 2026: 5.
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- 2021The Interplay of Variant, Size, and Task Type in Arabic Pre-trained Language Modelscited by 118
- 2021NADI 2021: The Second Nuanced Arabic Dialect Identification Shared Taskcited by 32
- 2023NADI 2023: The Fourth Nuanced Arabic Dialect Identification Shared Taskcited by 29
- 2023ALDi: Quantifying the Arabic Level of Dialectness of Textcited by 24
- 2022NADI 2022: The Third Nuanced Arabic Dialect Identification Shared Taskcited by 23
- 2024NADI 2024: The Fifth Nuanced Arabic Dialect Identification Shared Taskcited by 23
- 2023LAraBench: Benchmarking Arabic AI with Large Language Modelscited by 16
- 2023Arabic Dialect Identification under Scrutiny: Limitations of Single-label Classificationcited by 13
- 2024A Survey of Large Language Models for Arabic Language and its Dialectscited by 13
- 2022Camelira: An Arabic Multi-Dialect Morphological Disambiguatorcited by 10
- 2023A Parameter-Efficient Learning Approach to Arabic Dialect Identification with Pre-Trained General-Purpose Speech Modelcited by 8
- 2024Exploiting Dialect Identification in Automatic Dialectal Text Normalizationcited by 7
11 more
- 2025NADI 2025: The First Multidialectal Arabic Speech Processing Shared Taskcited by 7
- 2021Social Analysis of Young Basque Speaking Communities in Twittercited by 4
- 2025MOLE: Metadata Extraction and Validation in Scientific Papers Using LLMscited by 4
- 2022ArabGend: Gender Analysis and Inference on Arabic Twittercited by 2
- 2022A Benchmark Study of Contrastive Learning for Arabic Social Meaningcited by 2
- 2025Revisiting Common Assumptions about Arabic Dialects in NLPcited by 2
- 2026Ramsa: A Large Sociolinguistically Rich Emirati Arabic Speech Corpus for ASR and TTScited by 0
- 2026Building Arabic NLP from the Ground Up: Twenty Years of Lessons, Failures, and Open Problemscited by 0
- 2026JobArabi: An Arabic Corpus and Analysis of Job Announcements from Social Mediacited by 0
- 2026AraHopeCorpus: Annotation Guidelines and Dataset for Hope Speech in Arabic Social Media Crisis Discoursecited by 0
- 2026The Generator-Eraser Paradox: Community Guidelines for Responsible LLM-Assisted Dialect Resource Creationcited by 0
- 2026The Generator-Eraser Paradox: Community Guidelines for Responsible LLM-Assisted Dialect Resource Creation4 Jun 2026
- 2026AraHopeCorpus: Annotation Guidelines and Dataset for Hope Speech in Arabic Social Media Crisis Discourse22 May 2026
- 2026JobArabi: An Arabic Corpus and Analysis of Job Announcements from Social Media20 May 2026
- 2026Building Arabic NLP from the Ground Up: Twenty Years of Lessons, Failures, and Open Problems20 May 2026
- 2026Ramsa: A Large Sociolinguistically Rich Emirati Arabic Speech Corpus for ASR and TTS9 Mar 2026
- 2025NADI 2025: The First Multidialectal Arabic Speech Processing Shared Task2 Sep 2025
- 2025Revisiting Common Assumptions about Arabic Dialects in NLP27 May 2025
- 2025MOLE: Metadata Extraction and Validation in Scientific Papers Using LLMs26 May 2025
- 2024A Survey of Large Language Models for Arabic Language and its Dialects26 Oct 2024
- 2024NADI 2024: The Fifth Nuanced Arabic Dialect Identification Shared Task6 Jul 2024
- 2024Exploiting Dialect Identification in Automatic Dialectal Text Normalization3 Jul 2024
- 2023NADI 2023: The Fourth Nuanced Arabic Dialect Identification Shared Task24 Oct 2023
11 more
- 2023ALDi: Quantifying the Arabic Level of Dialectness of Text20 Oct 2023
- 2023Arabic Dialect Identification under Scrutiny: Limitations of Single-label Classification20 Oct 2023
- 2023LAraBench: Benchmarking Arabic AI with Large Language Models24 May 2023
- 2023A Parameter-Efficient Learning Approach to Arabic Dialect Identification with Pre-Trained General-Purpose Speech Model18 May 2023
- 2022Camelira: An Arabic Multi-Dialect Morphological Disambiguator30 Nov 2022
- 2022A Benchmark Study of Contrastive Learning for Arabic Social Meaning22 Oct 2022
- 2022NADI 2022: The Third Nuanced Arabic Dialect Identification Shared Task18 Oct 2022
- 2022ArabGend: Gender Analysis and Inference on Arabic Twitter1 Mar 2022
- 2021Social Analysis of Young Basque Speaking Communities in Twitter8 Sep 2021
- 2021The Interplay of Variant, Size, and Task Type in Arabic Pre-trained Language Models11 Mar 2021
- 2021NADI 2021: The Second Nuanced Arabic Dialect Identification Shared Task4 Mar 2021
- 2021The Interplay of Variant, Size, and Task Type in Arabic Pre-trained Language Modelscited by 118
- 2021NADI 2021: The Second Nuanced Arabic Dialect Identification Shared Taskcited by 32
- 2023NADI 2023: The Fourth Nuanced Arabic Dialect Identification Shared Taskcited by 29
- 2023ALDi: Quantifying the Arabic Level of Dialectness of Textcited by 24
- 2022NADI 2022: The Third Nuanced Arabic Dialect Identification Shared Taskcited by 23
- 2024NADI 2024: The Fifth Nuanced Arabic Dialect Identification Shared Taskcited by 23
- 2023LAraBench: Benchmarking Arabic AI with Large Language Modelscited by 16
- 2023Arabic Dialect Identification under Scrutiny: Limitations of Single-label Classificationcited by 13
- 2024A Survey of Large Language Models for Arabic Language and its Dialectscited by 13
- 2022Camelira: An Arabic Multi-Dialect Morphological Disambiguatorcited by 10
- 2023A Parameter-Efficient Learning Approach to Arabic Dialect Identification with Pre-Trained General-Purpose Speech Modelcited by 8
- 2024Exploiting Dialect Identification in Automatic Dialectal Text Normalizationcited by 7
12 most cited of 23 All 23 (JSON)
- 2026The Generator-Eraser Paradox: Community Guidelines for Responsible LLM-Assisted Dialect Resource Creation4 Jun 2026
- 2026AraHopeCorpus: Annotation Guidelines and Dataset for Hope Speech in Arabic Social Media Crisis Discourse22 May 2026
- 2026JobArabi: An Arabic Corpus and Analysis of Job Announcements from Social Media20 May 2026
- 2026Building Arabic NLP from the Ground Up: Twenty Years of Lessons, Failures, and Open Problems20 May 2026
- 2026Ramsa: A Large Sociolinguistically Rich Emirati Arabic Speech Corpus for ASR and TTS9 Mar 2026
- 2025NADI 2025: The First Multidialectal Arabic Speech Processing Shared Task2 Sep 2025
- 2025Revisiting Common Assumptions about Arabic Dialects in NLP27 May 2025
- 2025MOLE: Metadata Extraction and Validation in Scientific Papers Using LLMs26 May 2025
- 2024A Survey of Large Language Models for Arabic Language and its Dialects26 Oct 2024
- 2024NADI 2024: The Fifth Nuanced Arabic Dialect Identification Shared Task6 Jul 2024
- 2024Exploiting Dialect Identification in Automatic Dialectal Text Normalization3 Jul 2024
- 2023NADI 2023: The Fourth Nuanced Arabic Dialect Identification Shared Task24 Oct 2023
12 newest of 23 All 23 (JSON)