Question Generation from SQL Queries Improves Neural Semantic Parsing
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Abstract (arXiv)
We study how to learn a semantic parser of state-of-the-art accuracy with less supervised training data. We conduct our study on WikiSQL, the largest hand-annotated semantic parsing dataset to date. First, we demonstrate that question generation is an effective method that empowers us to learn a state-of-the-art neural network based semantic parser with thirty percent of the supervised training data. Second, we show that applying question generation to the full supervised training data further improves the state-of-the-art model. In addition, we observe that there is a logarithmic relationship between the accuracy of a semantic parser and the amount of training data.
Key facts. Cited by 29 papers in the map (data through 7 Oct 2026). First posted on arXiv 20 Aug 2018.
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Citing papers per year: 2021: 5; 2022: 5; 2023: 4; 2024: 3; 2025: 7; 2026: 5.
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- 2025OmniSQL: Synthesizing High-quality Text-to-SQL Data at Scalecited by 90
- 2022Recent Advances in Text-to-SQL: A Survey of What We Have and What We Expectcited by 47
- 2023ScienceBenchmark: A Complex Real-World Benchmark for Evaluating Natural Language to SQL Systemscited by 42
- 2021Data Augmentation with Hierarchical SQL-to-Question Generation for Cross-domain Text-to-SQL Parsingcited by 32
- 2022Importance of Synthesizing High-quality Data for Text-to-SQL Parsingcited by 27
- 2023Selective Demonstrations for Cross-domain Text-to-SQLcited by 21
- 2024SQL-GEN: Bridging the Dialect Gap for Text-to-SQL Via Synthetic Data And Model Mergingcited by 16
- 2021On Robustness of Neural Semantic Parserscited by 14
- 2021From Paraphrasing to Semantic Parsing: Unsupervised Semantic Parsing via Synchronous Semantic Decodingcited by 14
- 2021On The Ingredients of an Effective Zero-shot Semantic Parsercited by 13
- 2025Text2SQL-Flow: A Robust SQL-Aware Data Augmentation Framework for Text-to-SQLcited by 11
- 2022Augmenting Multi-Turn Text-to-SQL Datasets with Self-Playcited by 9
17 more
- 2021Topic Transferable Table Question Answeringcited by 7
- 2022Diverse Parallel Data Synthesis for Cross-Database Adaptation of Text-to-SQL Parserscited by 7
- 2022Optimization Techniques for Unsupervised Complex Table Reasoning via Self-Training Frameworkcited by 6
- 2025Text-to-SQL Domain Adaptation via Human-LLM Collaborative Data Annotationcited by 6
- 2024QDA-SQL: Questions Enhanced Dialogue Augmentation for Multi-Turn Text-to-SQLcited by 5
- 2023Mirror: A Natural Language Interface for Data Querying, Summarization, and Visualizationcited by 2
- 2024Synthesizing Conversations from Unlabeled Documents using Automatic Response Segmentationcited by 2
- 2023Controllable Data Augmentation for Context-Dependent Text-to-SQLcited by 1
- 2025REFORMER: A ChatGPT-Driven Data Synthesis Framework Elevating Text-to-SQL Modelscited by 1
- 2025SQL-Exchange: Transforming SQL Queries Across Domainscited by 1
- 2026EvolSQL: Structure-Aware Evolution for Scalable Text-to-SQL Data Synthesiscited by 1
- 2025Domain Specific Question to SQL Conversion with Embedded Data Balancing Techniquecited by 0
- 2025GradeSQL: Test-Time Inference with Outcome Reward Models for Text-to-SQL Generation from Large Language Modelscited by 0
- 2026RingSQL: Schema-Independent Synthetic Data Generation for Text-to-SQL Reinforcement Learningcited by 0
- 2026SemanticAgent: A Semantics-Aware Framework for Text-to-SQL Data Synthesiscited by 0
- 2026Knowledge Distillation for Low-Resource Open-source Text-to-SQL Modelcited by 0
- 2026COAL-SQL: Coverage-Guided Augmentation and Failure-Driven Learning for Text-to-SQL Post-Trainingcited by 0
- 2026COAL-SQL: Coverage-Guided Augmentation and Failure-Driven Learning for Text-to-SQL Post-Training4 Aug 2026
- 2026Knowledge Distillation for Low-Resource Open-source Text-to-SQL Model13 May 2026
- 2026SemanticAgent: A Semantics-Aware Framework for Text-to-SQL Data Synthesis23 Apr 2026
- 2026RingSQL: Schema-Independent Synthetic Data Generation for Text-to-SQL Reinforcement Learning9 Jan 2026
- 2026EvolSQL: Structure-Aware Evolution for Scalable Text-to-SQL Data Synthesis8 Jan 2026
- 2025Text2SQL-Flow: A Robust SQL-Aware Data Augmentation Framework for Text-to-SQL13 Nov 2025
- 2025GradeSQL: Test-Time Inference with Outcome Reward Models for Text-to-SQL Generation from Large Language Models1 Sep 2025
- 2025SQL-Exchange: Transforming SQL Queries Across Domains9 Aug 2025
- 2025REFORMER: A ChatGPT-Driven Data Synthesis Framework Elevating Text-to-SQL Models6 Apr 2025
- 2025Domain Specific Question to SQL Conversion with Embedded Data Balancing Technique28 Mar 2025
- 2025OmniSQL: Synthesizing High-quality Text-to-SQL Data at Scale4 Mar 2025
- 2025Text-to-SQL Domain Adaptation via Human-LLM Collaborative Data Annotation21 Feb 2025
17 more
- 2024SQL-GEN: Bridging the Dialect Gap for Text-to-SQL Via Synthetic Data And Model Merging22 Aug 2024
- 2024QDA-SQL: Questions Enhanced Dialogue Augmentation for Multi-Turn Text-to-SQL15 Jun 2024
- 2024Synthesizing Conversations from Unlabeled Documents using Automatic Response Segmentation6 Jun 2024
- 2023Selective Demonstrations for Cross-domain Text-to-SQL10 Oct 2023
- 2023ScienceBenchmark: A Complex Real-World Benchmark for Evaluating Natural Language to SQL Systems7 Jun 2023
- 2023Controllable Data Augmentation for Context-Dependent Text-to-SQL27 Apr 2023
- 2023Mirror: A Natural Language Interface for Data Querying, Summarization, and Visualization15 Mar 2023
- 2022Optimization Techniques for Unsupervised Complex Table Reasoning via Self-Training Framework20 Dec 2022
- 2022Importance of Synthesizing High-quality Data for Text-to-SQL Parsing17 Dec 2022
- 2022Diverse Parallel Data Synthesis for Cross-Database Adaptation of Text-to-SQL Parsers29 Oct 2022
- 2022Augmenting Multi-Turn Text-to-SQL Datasets with Self-Play21 Oct 2022
- 2022Recent Advances in Text-to-SQL: A Survey of What We Have and What We Expect22 Aug 2022
- 2021On The Ingredients of an Effective Zero-shot Semantic Parser15 Oct 2021
- 2021Topic Transferable Table Question Answering15 Sep 2021
- 2021From Paraphrasing to Semantic Parsing: Unsupervised Semantic Parsing via Synchronous Semantic Decoding11 Jun 2021
- 2021Data Augmentation with Hierarchical SQL-to-Question Generation for Cross-domain Text-to-SQL Parsing3 Mar 2021
- 2021On Robustness of Neural Semantic Parsers2 Feb 2021
- 2025OmniSQL: Synthesizing High-quality Text-to-SQL Data at Scalecited by 90
- 2022Recent Advances in Text-to-SQL: A Survey of What We Have and What We Expectcited by 47
- 2023ScienceBenchmark: A Complex Real-World Benchmark for Evaluating Natural Language to SQL Systemscited by 42
- 2021Data Augmentation with Hierarchical SQL-to-Question Generation for Cross-domain Text-to-SQL Parsingcited by 32
- 2022Importance of Synthesizing High-quality Data for Text-to-SQL Parsingcited by 27
- 2023Selective Demonstrations for Cross-domain Text-to-SQLcited by 21
- 2021On Robustness of Neural Semantic Parserscited by 14
- 2021From Paraphrasing to Semantic Parsing: Unsupervised Semantic Parsing via Synchronous Semantic Decodingcited by 14
- 2021On The Ingredients of an Effective Zero-shot Semantic Parsercited by 13
- 2025Text2SQL-Flow: A Robust SQL-Aware Data Augmentation Framework for Text-to-SQLcited by 11
- 2022Augmenting Multi-Turn Text-to-SQL Datasets with Self-Playcited by 9
- 2021Topic Transferable Table Question Answeringcited by 7
12 most cited of 24 All 24 (JSON)
- 2026COAL-SQL: Coverage-Guided Augmentation and Failure-Driven Learning for Text-to-SQL Post-Training4 Aug 2026
- 2026Knowledge Distillation for Low-Resource Open-source Text-to-SQL Model13 May 2026
- 2026SemanticAgent: A Semantics-Aware Framework for Text-to-SQL Data Synthesis23 Apr 2026
- 2025Text2SQL-Flow: A Robust SQL-Aware Data Augmentation Framework for Text-to-SQL13 Nov 2025
- 2025SQL-Exchange: Transforming SQL Queries Across Domains9 Aug 2025
- 2025REFORMER: A ChatGPT-Driven Data Synthesis Framework Elevating Text-to-SQL Models6 Apr 2025
- 2025Domain Specific Question to SQL Conversion with Embedded Data Balancing Technique28 Mar 2025
- 2025OmniSQL: Synthesizing High-quality Text-to-SQL Data at Scale4 Mar 2025
- 2025Text-to-SQL Domain Adaptation via Human-LLM Collaborative Data Annotation21 Feb 2025
- 2024QDA-SQL: Questions Enhanced Dialogue Augmentation for Multi-Turn Text-to-SQL15 Jun 2024
- 2024Synthesizing Conversations from Unlabeled Documents using Automatic Response Segmentation6 Jun 2024
- 2023Selective Demonstrations for Cross-domain Text-to-SQL10 Oct 2023
12 newest of 24 All 24 (JSON)