Pytrec_eval: An Extremely Fast Python Interface to trec_eval
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Abstract (arXiv)
We introduce pytrec_eval, a Python interface to the tree_eval information retrieval evaluation toolkit. pytrec_eval exposes the reference implementations of trec_eval within Python as a native extension. We show that pytrec_eval is around one order of magnitude faster than invoking trec_eval as a sub process from within Python. Compared to a native Python implementation of NDCG, pytrec_eval is twice as fast for practically-sized rankings. Finally, we demonstrate its effectiveness in an application where pytrec_eval is combined with Pyndri and the OpenAI Gym where query expansion is learned using Q-learning.
Key facts. Cited by 46 papers in the map (data through 14 Oct 2026). First posted on arXiv 4 May 2018.
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Citing papers per year: 2021: 2; 2022: 4; 2023: 7; 2024: 16; 2025: 11; 2026: 6.
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- 2021BEIR: A Heterogenous Benchmark for Zero-shot Evaluation of Information Retrieval Modelscited by 1,252
- 2022SciRepEval: A Multi-Format Benchmark for Scientific Document Representationscited by 129
- 2023Enhancing Conversational Search: Large Language Model-Aided Informative Query Rewritingcited by 69
- 2023ConvGQR: Generative Query Reformulation for Conversational Searchcited by 59
- 2024CHIQ: Contextual History Enhancement for Improving Query Rewriting in Conversational Searchcited by 29
- 2023Learning to Relate to Previous Turns in Conversational Searchcited by 26
- 2024Ask Optimal Questions: Aligning Large Language Models with Retriever's Preference in Conversationcited by 23
- 2025PeerQA: A Scientific Question Answering Dataset from Peer Reviewscited by 22
- 2024Adaptive Query Rewriting: Aligning Rewriters through Marginal Probability of Conversational Answerscited by 15
- 2024AdaCQR: Enhancing Query Reformulation for Conversational Search via Sparse and Dense Retrieval Alignmentcited by 14
- 2024How to Leverage Personal Textual Knowledge for Personalized Conversational Information Retrievalcited by 11
- 2024Aligning Query Representation with Rewritten Query and Relevance Judgments in Conversational Searchcited by 11
34 more
- 2023DAPR: A Benchmark on Document-Aware Passage Retrievalcited by 9
- 2024ConvSDG: Session Data Generation for Conversational Searchcited by 8
- 2024A Reproducibility Study of PLAIDcited by 8
- 2025mFollowIR: a Multilingual Benchmark for Instruction Following in Retrievalcited by 7
- 2022From Easy to Hard: A Dual Curriculum Learning Framework for Context-Aware Document Rankingcited by 5
- 2025Efficient and Asymptotically Unbiased Constrained Decoding for Large Language Modelscited by 5
- 2025ConvMix: A Mixed-Criteria Data Augmentation Framework for Conversational Dense Retrievalcited by 5
- 2022Incorporating Relevance Feedback for Information-Seeking Retrieval using Few-Shot Document Re-Rankingcited by 4
- 2024History-Aware Conversational Dense Retrievalcited by 4
- 2024Learning Job Title Representation from Job Description Aggregation Networkcited by 4
- 2024DEXTER: A Benchmark for open-domain Complex Question Answering using LLMscited by 4
- 2024Few-shot Prompting for Pairwise Ranking: An Effective Non-Parametric Retrieval Modelcited by 4
- 2023LePaRD: A Large-Scale Dataset of Judges Citing Precedentscited by 3
- 2025Unify Graph Learning with Text: Unleashing LLM Potentials for Session Searchcited by 3
- 2025SPARQL-LLM: Real-Time SPARQL Query Generation from Natural Language Questionscited by 3
- 2024Conversational Query Reformulation with the Guidance of Retrieved Documentscited by 2
- 2025AdaRewriter: Unleashing the Power of Prompting-based Conversational Query Reformulation via Test-Time Adaptationcited by 2
- 2024URL: Universal Referential Knowledge Linking via Task-instructed Representation Compressioncited by 1
- 2024Numbers Matter! Bringing Quantity-awareness to Retrieval Systemscited by 1
- 2025Adaptive Personalized Conversational Information Retrievalcited by 1
- 2026Not All Queries Need Rewriting: When Prompt-Only LLM Refinement Helps and Hurts Dense Retrievalcited by 1
- 2021Introducing Information Retrieval for Biomedical Informatics Studentscited by 0
- 2022Deep Reinforcement Agent for Efficient Instant Searchcited by 0
- 2023Empowering Language Model with Guided Knowledge Fusion for Biomedical Document Re-rankingcited by 0
- 2023How Can Context Help? Exploring Joint Retrieval of Passage and Personalized Contextcited by 0
- 2024Query-oriented Data Augmentation for Session Searchcited by 0
- 2025References Indeed Matter? Reference-Free Preference Optimization for Conversational Query Reformulationcited by 0
- 2025Bridge the Gap between Past and Future: Siamese Model Optimization for Context-Aware Document Rankingcited by 0
- 2025CLAP: Coreference-Linked Augmentation for Passage Retrievalcited by 0
- 2026Caraman at SemEval-2026 Task 8: Three-Stage Multi-Turn Retrieval with Query Rewriting, Hybrid Search, and Cross-Encoder Rerankingcited by 0
- 2026RCEM: Robust Conversational Search EMbedder in Distributional Shiftcited by 0
- 2026Improving Ad-hoc Search Effectiveness for Conversational Information Retrieval via Model Mergingcited by 0
- 2026When Do Anchor-Based Pointwise LLM Rerankers Help? Retriever Quality, Statistical Scope, and Anchor Designcited by 0
- 2026CompCQR: Compositional Query Generation for Training-Free Conversational Searchcited by 0
- 2026CompCQR: Compositional Query Generation for Training-Free Conversational Search13 Sep 2026
- 2026When Do Anchor-Based Pointwise LLM Rerankers Help? Retriever Quality, Statistical Scope, and Anchor Design11 Aug 2026
- 2026Improving Ad-hoc Search Effectiveness for Conversational Information Retrieval via Model Merging9 Jul 2026
- 2026RCEM: Robust Conversational Search EMbedder in Distributional Shift1 Jun 2026
- 2026Caraman at SemEval-2026 Task 8: Three-Stage Multi-Turn Retrieval with Query Rewriting, Hybrid Search, and Cross-Encoder Reranking12 May 2026
- 2026Not All Queries Need Rewriting: When Prompt-Only LLM Refinement Helps and Hurts Dense Retrieval2 Mar 2026
- 2025SPARQL-LLM: Real-Time SPARQL Query Generation from Natural Language Questions16 Dec 2025
- 2025Adaptive Personalized Conversational Information Retrieval12 Aug 2025
- 2025CLAP: Coreference-Linked Augmentation for Passage Retrieval9 Aug 2025
- 2025ConvMix: A Mixed-Criteria Data Augmentation Framework for Conversational Dense Retrieval6 Aug 2025
- 2025AdaRewriter: Unleashing the Power of Prompting-based Conversational Query Reformulation via Test-Time Adaptation2 Jun 2025
- 2025Bridge the Gap between Past and Future: Siamese Model Optimization for Context-Aware Document Ranking20 May 2025
34 more
- 2025Unify Graph Learning with Text: Unleashing LLM Potentials for Session Search20 May 2025
- 2025References Indeed Matter? Reference-Free Preference Optimization for Conversational Query Reformulation10 May 2025
- 2025Efficient and Asymptotically Unbiased Constrained Decoding for Large Language Models12 Apr 2025
- 2025PeerQA: A Scientific Question Answering Dataset from Peer Reviews19 Feb 2025
- 2025mFollowIR: a Multilingual Benchmark for Instruction Following in Retrieval31 Jan 2025
- 2024Few-shot Prompting for Pairwise Ranking: An Effective Non-Parametric Retrieval Model26 Sep 2024
- 2024Aligning Query Representation with Rewritten Query and Relevance Judgments in Conversational Search29 Jul 2024
- 2024How to Leverage Personal Textual Knowledge for Personalized Conversational Information Retrieval23 Jul 2024
- 2024Conversational Query Reformulation with the Guidance of Retrieved Documents17 Jul 2024
- 2024Numbers Matter! Bringing Quantity-awareness to Retrieval Systems14 Jul 2024
- 2024Query-oriented Data Augmentation for Session Search4 Jul 2024
- 2024AdaCQR: Enhancing Query Reformulation for Conversational Search via Sparse and Dense Retrieval Alignment2 Jul 2024
- 2024DEXTER: A Benchmark for open-domain Complex Question Answering using LLMs24 Jun 2024
- 2024Adaptive Query Rewriting: Aligning Rewriters through Marginal Probability of Conversational Answers16 Jun 2024
- 2024Learning Job Title Representation from Job Description Aggregation Network12 Jun 2024
- 2024CHIQ: Contextual History Enhancement for Improving Query Rewriting in Conversational Search7 Jun 2024
- 2024URL: Universal Referential Knowledge Linking via Task-instructed Representation Compression24 Apr 2024
- 2024A Reproducibility Study of PLAID23 Apr 2024
- 2024ConvSDG: Session Data Generation for Conversational Search17 Mar 2024
- 2024Ask Optimal Questions: Aligning Large Language Models with Retriever's Preference in Conversation19 Feb 2024
- 2024History-Aware Conversational Dense Retrieval30 Jan 2024
- 2023LePaRD: A Large-Scale Dataset of Judges Citing Precedents15 Nov 2023
- 2023Enhancing Conversational Search: Large Language Model-Aided Informative Query Rewriting15 Oct 2023
- 2023How Can Context Help? Exploring Joint Retrieval of Passage and Personalized Context26 Aug 2023
- 2023Learning to Relate to Previous Turns in Conversational Search5 Jun 2023
- 2023ConvGQR: Generative Query Reformulation for Conversational Search25 May 2023
- 2023DAPR: A Benchmark on Document-Aware Passage Retrieval23 May 2023
- 2023Empowering Language Model with Guided Knowledge Fusion for Biomedical Document Re-ranking7 May 2023
- 2022SciRepEval: A Multi-Format Benchmark for Scientific Document Representations23 Nov 2022
- 2022Incorporating Relevance Feedback for Information-Seeking Retrieval using Few-Shot Document Re-Ranking19 Oct 2022
- 2022From Easy to Hard: A Dual Curriculum Learning Framework for Context-Aware Document Ranking22 Aug 2022
- 2022Deep Reinforcement Agent for Efficient Instant Search17 Mar 2022
- 2021Introducing Information Retrieval for Biomedical Informatics Students6 May 2021
- 2021BEIR: A Heterogenous Benchmark for Zero-shot Evaluation of Information Retrieval Models17 Apr 2021
- 2024Ask Optimal Questions: Aligning Large Language Models with Retriever's Preference in Conversationcited by 23
- 2024Adaptive Query Rewriting: Aligning Rewriters through Marginal Probability of Conversational Answerscited by 15
- 2025References Indeed Matter? Reference-Free Preference Optimization for Conversational Query Reformulationcited by 0
- 2025References Indeed Matter? Reference-Free Preference Optimization for Conversational Query Reformulation10 May 2025
- 2024Adaptive Query Rewriting: Aligning Rewriters through Marginal Probability of Conversational Answers16 Jun 2024
- 2024Ask Optimal Questions: Aligning Large Language Models with Retriever's Preference in Conversation19 Feb 2024
- 2021BEIR: A Heterogenous Benchmark for Zero-shot Evaluation of Information Retrieval Modelscited by 1,252
- 2022SciRepEval: A Multi-Format Benchmark for Scientific Document Representationscited by 129
- 2023Enhancing Conversational Search: Large Language Model-Aided Informative Query Rewritingcited by 69
- 2023ConvGQR: Generative Query Reformulation for Conversational Searchcited by 59
- 2024CHIQ: Contextual History Enhancement for Improving Query Rewriting in Conversational Searchcited by 29
- 2023Learning to Relate to Previous Turns in Conversational Searchcited by 26
- 2025PeerQA: A Scientific Question Answering Dataset from Peer Reviewscited by 22
- 2024AdaCQR: Enhancing Query Reformulation for Conversational Search via Sparse and Dense Retrieval Alignmentcited by 14
- 2024How to Leverage Personal Textual Knowledge for Personalized Conversational Information Retrievalcited by 11
- 2024Aligning Query Representation with Rewritten Query and Relevance Judgments in Conversational Searchcited by 11
- 2023DAPR: A Benchmark on Document-Aware Passage Retrievalcited by 9
- 2024ConvSDG: Session Data Generation for Conversational Searchcited by 8
12 most cited of 42 All 42 (JSON)
- 2026CompCQR: Compositional Query Generation for Training-Free Conversational Search13 Sep 2026
- 2026When Do Anchor-Based Pointwise LLM Rerankers Help? Retriever Quality, Statistical Scope, and Anchor Design11 Aug 2026
- 2026Improving Ad-hoc Search Effectiveness for Conversational Information Retrieval via Model Merging9 Jul 2026
- 2026RCEM: Robust Conversational Search EMbedder in Distributional Shift1 Jun 2026
- 2026Caraman at SemEval-2026 Task 8: Three-Stage Multi-Turn Retrieval with Query Rewriting, Hybrid Search, and Cross-Encoder Reranking12 May 2026
- 2025SPARQL-LLM: Real-Time SPARQL Query Generation from Natural Language Questions16 Dec 2025
- 2025Adaptive Personalized Conversational Information Retrieval12 Aug 2025
- 2025CLAP: Coreference-Linked Augmentation for Passage Retrieval9 Aug 2025
- 2025ConvMix: A Mixed-Criteria Data Augmentation Framework for Conversational Dense Retrieval6 Aug 2025
- 2025AdaRewriter: Unleashing the Power of Prompting-based Conversational Query Reformulation via Test-Time Adaptation2 Jun 2025
- 2025Bridge the Gap between Past and Future: Siamese Model Optimization for Context-Aware Document Ranking20 May 2025
- 2025Unify Graph Learning with Text: Unleashing LLM Potentials for Session Search20 May 2025
12 newest of 42 All 42 (JSON)