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Learning to Explain Non-Standard English Words and Phrases

arXiv 1709.09254 ↗First posted 26 Sep 2017cs.CLcited by 21

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Abstract (arXiv)

We describe a data-driven approach for automatically explaining new, non-standard English expressions in a given sentence, building on a large dataset that includes 15 years of crowdsourced examples from UrbanDictionary.com. Unlike prior studies that focus on matching keywords from a slang dictionary, we investigate the possibility of learning a neural sequence-to-sequence model that generates explanations of unseen non-standard English expressions given context. We propose a dual encoder approach---a word-level encoder learns the representation of context, and a second character-level encoder to learn the hidden representation of the target non-standard expression. Our model can produce reasonable definitions of new non-standard English expressions given their context with certain confidence.

Key facts. Cited by 21 papers in the map (data through 7 Oct 2026). First posted on arXiv 26 Sep 2017.

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Citing papers per year: 2021: 2; 2022: 5; 2023: 6; 2024: 2; 2025: 3; 2026: 3.

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  1. 2021Self-Supervised Euphemism Detection and Identification for Content Moderationcited by 24
  2. 2023Interpretable Word Sense Representations via Definition Generation: The Case of Semantic Change Analysiscited by 19
  3. 2022Slangvolution: A Causal Analysis of Semantic Change and Frequency Dynamics in Slangcited by 14
  4. 2023Assisting Language Learners: Automated Trans-Lingual Definition Generation via Contrastive Prompt Learningcited by 13
  5. 2021A Computational Framework for Slang Generationcited by 11
  6. 2022Fine-grained Contrastive Learning for Definition Generationcited by 10
  7. 2024Toward Informal Language Processing: Knowledge of Slang in Large Language Modelscited by 6
  8. 2022Semantically Informed Slang Interpretationcited by 4
  9. 2022Semantic Role Labeling Meets Definition Modeling: Using Natural Language to Describe Predicate-Argument Structurescited by 4
  10. 2023"Definition Modeling: To model definitions." Generating Definitions With Little to No Semanticscited by 4
  11. 2022Tracing Semantic Variation in Slangcited by 3
  12. 2025SlangDIT: Benchmarking LLMs in Interpretative Slang Translationcited by 3
9 more
  1. 2024DORE: A Dataset For Portuguese Definition Generationcited by 2
  2. 2023Exploiting Correlations Between Contexts and Definitions with Multiple Definition Modelingcited by 1
  3. 20233D-EX : A Unified Dataset of Definitions and Dictionary Examplescited by 1
  4. 2023Systematic word meta-sense extensioncited by 0
  5. 2025SLM4Offer: Personalized Marketing Offer Generation Using Contrastive Learning Based Fine-Tuningcited by 0
  6. 2025How do Language Models Generate Slang: A Systematic Comparison between Human and Machine-Generated Slang Usagescited by 0
  7. 2026Towards Automated Lexicography: Generating and Evaluating Definitions for Learner's Dictionariescited by 0
  8. 2026LM-Lexicon: Improving Definition Modeling via Harmonizing Semantic Expertscited by 0
  9. 2026Slang Context-based Inference Enhancement via Greedy Search-Guided Chain-of-Thought Promptingcited by 0