SalNet360: Saliency Maps for omni-directional images with CNN
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Abstract (arXiv)
The prediction of Visual Attention data from any kind of media is of valuable use to content creators and used to efficiently drive encoding algorithms. With the current trend in the Virtual Reality (VR) field, adapting known techniques to this new kind of media is starting to gain momentum. In this paper, we present an architectural extension to any Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) to fine-tune traditional 2D saliency prediction to Omnidirectional Images (ODIs) in an end-to-end manner. We show that each step in the proposed pipeline works towards making the generated saliency map more accurate with respect to ground truth data.
Key facts. Cited by 21 papers in the map (data through 7 Oct 2026). First posted on arXiv 19 Sep 2017.
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Citing papers per year: 2021: 4; 2022: 6; 2023: 2; 2024: 4; 2025: 3; 2026: 2.
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- 2021Geometric Deep Learning and Equivariant Neural Networkscited by 64
- 2022Deep Learning for Omnidirectional Vision: A Survey and New Perspectivescited by 38
- 2024Elite360D: Towards Efficient 360 Depth Estimation via Semantic- and Distance-Aware Bi-Projection Fusioncited by 31
- 2021ScanGAN360: A Generative Model of Realistic Scanpaths for 360circ Imagescited by 23
- 2025A Survey of Representation Learning, Optimization Strategies, and Applications for Omnidirectional Visioncited by 23
- 2022Multi-Projection Fusion and Refinement Network for Salient Object Detection in 360deg Omnidirectional Imagecited by 13
- 2024OmniSplat: Taming Feed-Forward 3D Gaussian Splatting for Omnidirectional Images with Editable Capabilitiescited by 10
- 2022PanoDepth: A Two-Stage Approach for Monocular Omnidirectional Depth Estimationcited by 9
- 2022Deep 360^circ Optical Flow Estimation Based on Multi-Projection Fusioncited by 8
- 2021Single-Shot Cuboids: Geodesics-based End-to-end Manhattan Aligned Layout Estimation from Spherical Panoramascited by 7
- 2021OSLO: On-the-Sphere Learning for Omnidirectional images and its application to 360-degree image compressioncited by 6
- 2022Interpolated SelectionConv for Spherical Images and Surfacescited by 2
9 more
- 2023Multi-Scale Estimation for Omni-Directional Saliency Maps Using Learnable Equator Biascited by 1
- 2024DiffGaze: A Diffusion Model for Continuous Gaze Sequence Generation on 360deg Imagescited by 1
- 2024360VFI: A Dataset and Benchmark for Omnidirectional Video Frame Interpolationcited by 1
- 2022Saliency-based Multiple Region of Interest Detection from a Single 360deg imagecited by 0
- 2023MRGAN360: Multi-stage Recurrent Generative Adversarial Network for 360 Degree Image Saliency Predictioncited by 0
- 2025GazeProphet: Software-Only Gaze Prediction for VR Foveated Renderingcited by 0
- 2025GazeProphetV2: Head-Movement-Based Gaze Prediction Enabling Efficient Foveated Rendering on Mobile VRcited by 0
- 2026Cross360: 360deg Monocular Depth Estimation via Cross Projections Across Scalescited by 0
- 2026SphereSOD: Geometry-Structure Coupled Learning for 360 Salient Object Detectioncited by 0
- 2026SphereSOD: Geometry-Structure Coupled Learning for 360 Salient Object Detection7 Sep 2026
- 2026Cross360: 360deg Monocular Depth Estimation via Cross Projections Across Scales24 Jan 2026
- 2025GazeProphetV2: Head-Movement-Based Gaze Prediction Enabling Efficient Foveated Rendering on Mobile VR25 Nov 2025
- 2025GazeProphet: Software-Only Gaze Prediction for VR Foveated Rendering19 Aug 2025
- 2025A Survey of Representation Learning, Optimization Strategies, and Applications for Omnidirectional Vision11 Feb 2025
- 2024OmniSplat: Taming Feed-Forward 3D Gaussian Splatting for Omnidirectional Images with Editable Capabilities21 Dec 2024
- 2024360VFI: A Dataset and Benchmark for Omnidirectional Video Frame Interpolation19 Jul 2024
- 2024DiffGaze: A Diffusion Model for Continuous Gaze Sequence Generation on 360deg Images26 Mar 2024
- 2024Elite360D: Towards Efficient 360 Depth Estimation via Semantic- and Distance-Aware Bi-Projection Fusion25 Mar 2024
- 2023Multi-Scale Estimation for Omni-Directional Saliency Maps Using Learnable Equator Bias15 Sep 2023
- 2023MRGAN360: Multi-stage Recurrent Generative Adversarial Network for 360 Degree Image Saliency Prediction15 Mar 2023
- 2022Multi-Projection Fusion and Refinement Network for Salient Object Detection in 360deg Omnidirectional Image23 Dec 2022
9 more
- 2022Interpolated SelectionConv for Spherical Images and Surfaces18 Oct 2022
- 2022Saliency-based Multiple Region of Interest Detection from a Single 360deg image8 Sep 2022
- 2022Deep 360^circ Optical Flow Estimation Based on Multi-Projection Fusion27 Jul 2022
- 2022Deep Learning for Omnidirectional Vision: A Survey and New Perspectives21 May 2022
- 2022PanoDepth: A Two-Stage Approach for Monocular Omnidirectional Depth Estimation2 Feb 2022
- 2021OSLO: On-the-Sphere Learning for Omnidirectional images and its application to 360-degree image compression19 Jul 2021
- 2021Geometric Deep Learning and Equivariant Neural Networks28 May 2021
- 2021ScanGAN360: A Generative Model of Realistic Scanpaths for 360circ Images25 Mar 2021
- 2021Single-Shot Cuboids: Geodesics-based End-to-end Manhattan Aligned Layout Estimation from Spherical Panoramas7 Feb 2021
- 2021Geometric Deep Learning and Equivariant Neural Networkscited by 64
- 2022Deep Learning for Omnidirectional Vision: A Survey and New Perspectivescited by 38
- 2024Elite360D: Towards Efficient 360 Depth Estimation via Semantic- and Distance-Aware Bi-Projection Fusioncited by 31
- 2021ScanGAN360: A Generative Model of Realistic Scanpaths for 360circ Imagescited by 23
- 2025A Survey of Representation Learning, Optimization Strategies, and Applications for Omnidirectional Visioncited by 23
- 2022Multi-Projection Fusion and Refinement Network for Salient Object Detection in 360deg Omnidirectional Imagecited by 13
- 2024OmniSplat: Taming Feed-Forward 3D Gaussian Splatting for Omnidirectional Images with Editable Capabilitiescited by 10
- 2022PanoDepth: A Two-Stage Approach for Monocular Omnidirectional Depth Estimationcited by 9
- 2022Deep 360^circ Optical Flow Estimation Based on Multi-Projection Fusioncited by 8
- 2021Single-Shot Cuboids: Geodesics-based End-to-end Manhattan Aligned Layout Estimation from Spherical Panoramascited by 7
- 2021OSLO: On-the-Sphere Learning for Omnidirectional images and its application to 360-degree image compressioncited by 6
- 2022Interpolated SelectionConv for Spherical Images and Surfacescited by 2
12 most cited of 20 All 20 (JSON)
- 2026SphereSOD: Geometry-Structure Coupled Learning for 360 Salient Object Detection7 Sep 2026
- 2026Cross360: 360deg Monocular Depth Estimation via Cross Projections Across Scales24 Jan 2026
- 2025GazeProphetV2: Head-Movement-Based Gaze Prediction Enabling Efficient Foveated Rendering on Mobile VR25 Nov 2025
- 2025GazeProphet: Software-Only Gaze Prediction for VR Foveated Rendering19 Aug 2025
- 2025A Survey of Representation Learning, Optimization Strategies, and Applications for Omnidirectional Vision11 Feb 2025
- 2024OmniSplat: Taming Feed-Forward 3D Gaussian Splatting for Omnidirectional Images with Editable Capabilities21 Dec 2024
- 2024360VFI: A Dataset and Benchmark for Omnidirectional Video Frame Interpolation19 Jul 2024
- 2024Elite360D: Towards Efficient 360 Depth Estimation via Semantic- and Distance-Aware Bi-Projection Fusion25 Mar 2024
- 2023Multi-Scale Estimation for Omni-Directional Saliency Maps Using Learnable Equator Bias15 Sep 2023
- 2023MRGAN360: Multi-stage Recurrent Generative Adversarial Network for 360 Degree Image Saliency Prediction15 Mar 2023
- 2022Multi-Projection Fusion and Refinement Network for Salient Object Detection in 360deg Omnidirectional Image23 Dec 2022
- 2022Interpolated SelectionConv for Spherical Images and Surfaces18 Oct 2022
12 newest of 20 All 20 (JSON)