Learning to Transduce with Unbounded Memory
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Abstract (arXiv)
Recently, strong results have been demonstrated by Deep Recurrent Neural Networks on natural language transduction problems. In this paper we explore the representational power of these models using synthetic grammars designed to exhibit phenomena similar to those found in real transduction problems such as machine translation. These experiments lead us to propose new memory-based recurrent networks that implement continuously differentiable analogues of traditional data structures such as Stacks, Queues, and DeQues. We show that these architectures exhibit superior generalisation performance to Deep RNNs and are often able to learn the underlying generating algorithms in our transduction experiments.
Key facts. Cited by 54 papers in the map (data through 7 Oct 2026). First posted on arXiv 8 Jun 2015.
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Citing papers per year: 2021: 17; 2022: 9; 2023: 15; 2024: 5; 2025: 5; 2026: 3.
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50 most cited of 54 All 54 (JSON)
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38 more
- 2024Enhancing Length Extrapolation in Sequential Models with Pointer-Augmented Neural Memory18 Apr 2024
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- 2023Pushdown Layers: Encoding Recursive Structure in Transformer Language Models29 Oct 2023
- 2023Practical Computational Power of Linear Transformers and Their Recurrent and Self-Referential Extensions24 Oct 2023
- 2023Stack Attention: Improving the Ability of Transformers to Model Hierarchical Patterns3 Oct 2023
- 2023A Framework for Inference Inspired by Human Memory Mechanisms1 Oct 2023
- 2023On the Computational Complexity and Formal Hierarchy of Second Order Recurrent Neural Networks26 Sep 2023
- 2023Universal Recurrent Event Memories for Streaming Data28 Jul 2023
- 2023Dynamic Analysis and an Eigen Initializer for Recurrent Neural Networks28 Jul 2023
- 2023Neural Priority Queues for Graph Neural Networks18 Jul 2023
- 2023Differentiable Tree Operations Promote Compositional Generalization1 Jun 2023
- 2023Beam Tree Recursive Cells31 May 2023
- 2023Scaling Transformer to 1M tokens and beyond with RMT19 Apr 2023
- 2023Theoretical Conditions and Empirical Failure of Bracket Counting on Long Sequences with Linear Recurrent Networks7 Apr 2023
- 2023Learning Transductions and Alignments with RNN Seq2seq Models13 Mar 2023
- 2023Neural Attention Memory18 Feb 2023
- 2022State-Regularized Recurrent Neural Networks to Extract Automata and Explain Predictions10 Dec 2022
- 2022Differentiable Quantum Programming with Unbounded Loops8 Nov 2022
- 2022Characterizing Verbatim Short-Term Memory in Neural Language Models24 Oct 2022
- 2022The Surprising Computational Power of Nondeterministic Stack RNNs4 Oct 2022
- 2022Recurrent Memory Transformer14 Jul 2022
- 2022Neural Networks and the Chomsky Hierarchy5 Jul 2022
- 2022Least-to-Most Prompting Enables Complex Reasoning in Large Language Models21 May 2022
- 2022A Call for Clarity in Beam Search: How It Works and When It Stops11 Apr 2022
- 2022Grokking: Generalization Beyond Overfitting on Small Algorithmic Datasets6 Jan 2022
- 2021UnweaveNet: Unweaving Activity Stories19 Dec 2021
- 2021Personalized Federated Learning through Local Memorization17 Nov 2021
- 2021Enhancing Reinforcement Learning with discrete interfaces to learn the Dyck Language27 Oct 2021
- 2021ABC: Attention with Bounded-memory Control6 Oct 2021
- 2021Learning to Navigate Intersections with Unsupervised Driver Trait Inference14 Sep 2021
- 2021Learning Hierarchical Structures with Differentiable Nondeterministic Stacks5 Sep 2021
- 2021∞-former: Infinite Memory Transformer1 Sep 2021
- 2021A Neural Conversation Generation Model via Equivalent Shared Memory Investigation20 Aug 2021
- 2021Learning Complex Users' Preferences for Recommender Systems4 Jul 2021
- 2021Modeling Hierarchical Structures with Continuous Recursive Neural Networks10 Jun 2021
- 2021Lexicon Learning for Few-Shot Neural Sequence Modeling7 Jun 2021
- 2021Evolutionary Training and Abstraction Yields Algorithmic Generalization of Neural Computers17 May 2021
- 2021Recognizing and Verifying Mathematical Equations using Multiplicative Differential Neural Units7 Apr 2021
50 newest of 54 All 54 (JSON)
- 2022Grokking: Generalization Beyond Overfitting on Small Algorithmic Datasetscited by 599
- 2022Neural Networks and the Chomsky Hierarchycited by 214
- 2022Recurrent Memory Transformercited by 197
- 2023Scaling Transformer to 1M tokens and beyond with RMTcited by 97
- 2021Personalized Federated Learning through Local Memorizationcited by 57
- 2021Attention, please! A survey of Neural Attention Models in Deep Learningcited by 50
- 2021ABC: Attention with Bounded-memory Controlcited by 36
- 2021Lexicon Learning for Few-Shot Neural Sequence Modelingcited by 28
- 2023Practical Computational Power of Linear Transformers and Their Recurrent and Self-Referential Extensionscited by 20
- 2023Pushdown Layers: Encoding Recursive Structure in Transformer Language Modelscited by 18
- 2023Stack Attention: Improving the Ability of Transformers to Model Hierarchical Patternscited by 17
- 2021Learning Hierarchical Structures with Differentiable Nondeterministic Stackscited by 16
12 most cited of 53 All 53 (JSON)
- 2026Transcript-Managed Transformers: Monotone Multi-Agent Collapse and Universality with Two Pop-Enabled Transcripts31 Jul 2026
- 2026Universal computation is intrinsic to language model decoding12 Jan 2026
- 2026RewriteNets: End-to-End Trainable String-Rewriting for Generative Sequence Modeling10 Jan 2026
- 2025Exact Learning of Arithmetic with Differentiable Agents27 Nov 2025
- 2025Understanding Syntactic Generalization in Structure-inducing Language Models11 Aug 2025
- 2025StackTrans: From Large Language Model to Large Pushdown Automata Model21 Jul 2025
- 2025Why Are Parsing Actions for Understanding Message Hierarchies Not Random?27 Jun 2025
- 2025An Expert Ensemble for Detecting Anomalous Scenes, Interactions, and Behaviors in Autonomous Driving23 Feb 2025
- 2024Compositional Generalization Across Distributional Shifts with Sparse Tree Operations18 Dec 2024
- 2024Autoregressive Large Language Models are Computationally Universal4 Oct 2024
- 2024Exploring Learnability in Memory-Augmented Recurrent Neural Networks: Precision, Stability, and Empirical Insights4 Oct 2024
- 2024A Transformer with Stack Attention7 May 2024
12 newest of 53 All 53 (JSON)