NRC-Canada: Building the State-of-the-Art in Sentiment Analysis of Tweets
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Abstract (arXiv)
In this paper, we describe how we created two state-of-the-art SVM classifiers, one to detect the sentiment of messages such as tweets and SMS (message-level task) and one to detect the sentiment of a term within a submissions stood first in both tasks on tweets, obtaining an F-score of 69.02 in the message-level task and 88.93 in the term-level task. We implemented a variety of surface-form, semantic, and sentiment features. with sentiment-word hashtags, and one from tweets with emoticons. In the message-level task, the lexicon-based features provided a gain of 5 F-score points over all others. Both of our systems can be replicated us available resources.
Key facts. Cited by 33 papers in the map (data through 14 Oct 2026). First posted on arXiv 28 Aug 2013.
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Citing papers per year: 2021: 7; 2022: 8; 2023: 10; 2024: 1; 2025: 5; 2026: 2.
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- 2023AfriSenti: A Twitter Sentiment Analysis Benchmark for African Languagescited by 68
- 2023SemEval-2023 Task 12: Sentiment Analysis for African Languages (AfriSenti-SemEval)cited by 41
- 2023Emotion Detection for Misinformation: A Reviewcited by 22
- 2023The Sentiment Problem: A Critical Survey towards Deconstructing Sentiment Analysiscited by 12
- 2021Understand me, if you refer to Aspect Knowledge: Knowledge-aware Gated Recurrent Memory Networkcited by 11
- 2022Pushing on Personality Detection from Verbal Behavior: A Transformer Meets Text Contours of Psycholinguistic Featurescited by 10
- 2021Uncovering the Limits of Text-based Emotion Detectioncited by 8
- 2023Sentiment analysis and opinion mining on educational data: A surveycited by 8
- 2021Emotion-Aware, Emotion-Agnostic, or Automatic: Corpus Creation Strategies to Obtain Cognitive Event Appraisal Annotationscited by 6
- 2025LLM Content Moderation and User Satisfaction: Evidence from Response Refusals in Chatbot Arenacited by 6
- 2023Sentiment Analysis in Finance: From Transformers Back to eXplainable Lexicons (XLex)cited by 5
- 2023Meta-Tuning LLMs to Leverage Lexical Knowledge for Generalizable Language Style Understandingcited by 4
21 more
- 2022Modelling Emotion Dynamics in Song Lyrics with State Space Modelscited by 2
- 2025Rethinking Word Similarity: Semantic Similarity through Classification Confusioncited by 2
- 2021Sentiment Analysis in Twitter for Macedoniancited by 1
- 2021Evaluating Contextual Embeddings and their Extraction Layers for Depression Assessmentcited by 1
- 2022A Comprehensive Review of Visual-Textual Sentiment Analysis from Social Media Networkscited by 1
- 2022Improving the Generalizability of Text-Based Emotion Detection by Leveraging Transformers with Psycholinguistic Featurescited by 1
- 2025Unveiling Affective Polarization Trends in Parliamentary Proceedingscited by 1
- 2026SentiFuse: Deep Multi-model Fusion Framework for Robust Sentiment Extractioncited by 1
- 2021Artificial Intelligence for Emotion-Semantic Trending and People Emotion Detection During COVID-19 Social Isolationcited by 0
- 2021Lex2vec: making Explainable Word Embeddings via Lexical Resourcescited by 0
- 2022Sentiment Analysis and Sarcasm Detection of Indian General Election Tweetscited by 0
- 2022"That's so cute!": The CARE Dataset for Affective Response Detectioncited by 0
- 2022Offensive Language Detection on Twittercited by 0
- 2022Exploring Hybrid and Ensemble Models for Multiclass Prediction of Mental Health Status on Social Mediacited by 0
- 2023Emotion Embeddings unicodex2014 Learning Stable and Homogeneous Abstractions from Heterogeneous Affective Datasetscited by 0
- 2023Desenvolvimento de modelo para predicc~ao de cotacc~oes de acc~ao baseada em an'alise de sentimentos de tweetscited by 0
- 2023LaTeX: Language Pattern-aware Triggering Event Detection for Adverse Experience during Pandemicscited by 0
- 2024Hate Content Detection via Novel Pre-Processing Sequencing and Ensemble Methodscited by 0
- 2025GraphRank Pro+: Advancing Talent Analytics Through Knowledge Graphs and Sentiment-Enhanced Skill Profilingcited by 0
- 2025Sentiment Analysis in SemEval: A Review of Sentiment Identification Approachescited by 0
- 2026From Prediction to Justification: Aligning Sentiment Reasoning with Human Rationale via Reinforcement Learningcited by 0
- 2026From Prediction to Justification: Aligning Sentiment Reasoning with Human Rationale via Reinforcement Learning15 Apr 2026
- 2026SentiFuse: Deep Multi-model Fusion Framework for Robust Sentiment Extraction1 Feb 2026
- 2025Unveiling Affective Polarization Trends in Parliamentary Proceedings4 Dec 2025
- 2025Sentiment Analysis in SemEval: A Review of Sentiment Identification Approaches13 Mar 2025
- 2025GraphRank Pro+: Advancing Talent Analytics Through Knowledge Graphs and Sentiment-Enhanced Skill Profiling25 Feb 2025
- 2025Rethinking Word Similarity: Semantic Similarity through Classification Confusion8 Feb 2025
- 2025LLM Content Moderation and User Satisfaction: Evidence from Response Refusals in Chatbot Arena4 Jan 2025
- 2024Hate Content Detection via Novel Pre-Processing Sequencing and Ensemble Methods8 Sep 2024
- 2023Emotion Detection for Misinformation: A Review1 Nov 2023
- 2023The Sentiment Problem: A Critical Survey towards Deconstructing Sentiment Analysis18 Oct 2023
- 2023LaTeX: Language Pattern-aware Triggering Event Detection for Adverse Experience during Pandemics5 Oct 2023
- 2023Desenvolvimento de modelo para predicc~ao de cotacc~oes de acc~ao baseada em an'alise de sentimentos de tweets11 Sep 2023
21 more
- 2023Emotion Embeddings unicodex2014 Learning Stable and Homogeneous Abstractions from Heterogeneous Affective Datasets15 Aug 2023
- 2023Sentiment Analysis in Finance: From Transformers Back to eXplainable Lexicons (XLex)6 Jun 2023
- 2023Meta-Tuning LLMs to Leverage Lexical Knowledge for Generalizable Language Style Understanding24 May 2023
- 2023SemEval-2023 Task 12: Sentiment Analysis for African Languages (AfriSenti-SemEval)13 Apr 2023
- 2023AfriSenti: A Twitter Sentiment Analysis Benchmark for African Languages17 Feb 2023
- 2023Sentiment analysis and opinion mining on educational data: A survey8 Feb 2023
- 2022Exploring Hybrid and Ensemble Models for Multiclass Prediction of Mental Health Status on Social Media19 Dec 2022
- 2022Improving the Generalizability of Text-Based Emotion Detection by Leveraging Transformers with Psycholinguistic Features19 Dec 2022
- 2022Modelling Emotion Dynamics in Song Lyrics with State Space Models17 Oct 2022
- 2022Offensive Language Detection on Twitter28 Sep 2022
- 2022A Comprehensive Review of Visual-Textual Sentiment Analysis from Social Media Networks5 Jul 2022
- 2022Pushing on Personality Detection from Verbal Behavior: A Transformer Meets Text Contours of Psycholinguistic Features10 Apr 2022
- 2022"That's so cute!": The CARE Dataset for Affective Response Detection28 Jan 2022
- 2022Sentiment Analysis and Sarcasm Detection of Indian General Election Tweets3 Jan 2022
- 2021Evaluating Contextual Embeddings and their Extraction Layers for Depression Assessment27 Dec 2021
- 2021Sentiment Analysis in Twitter for Macedonian27 Sep 2021
- 2021Uncovering the Limits of Text-based Emotion Detection4 Sep 2021
- 2021Understand me, if you refer to Aspect Knowledge: Knowledge-aware Gated Recurrent Memory Network5 Aug 2021
- 2021Lex2vec: making Explainable Word Embeddings via Lexical Resources3 Mar 2021
- 2021Emotion-Aware, Emotion-Agnostic, or Automatic: Corpus Creation Strategies to Obtain Cognitive Event Appraisal Annotations25 Feb 2021
- 2021Artificial Intelligence for Emotion-Semantic Trending and People Emotion Detection During COVID-19 Social Isolation16 Jan 2021
- 2023AfriSenti: A Twitter Sentiment Analysis Benchmark for African Languagescited by 68
- 2023SemEval-2023 Task 12: Sentiment Analysis for African Languages (AfriSenti-SemEval)cited by 41
- 2023Emotion Detection for Misinformation: A Reviewcited by 22
- 2023The Sentiment Problem: A Critical Survey towards Deconstructing Sentiment Analysiscited by 12
- 2021Understand me, if you refer to Aspect Knowledge: Knowledge-aware Gated Recurrent Memory Networkcited by 11
- 2022Pushing on Personality Detection from Verbal Behavior: A Transformer Meets Text Contours of Psycholinguistic Featurescited by 10
- 2021Uncovering the Limits of Text-based Emotion Detectioncited by 8
- 2023Sentiment analysis and opinion mining on educational data: A surveycited by 8
- 2021Emotion-Aware, Emotion-Agnostic, or Automatic: Corpus Creation Strategies to Obtain Cognitive Event Appraisal Annotationscited by 6
- 2023Sentiment Analysis in Finance: From Transformers Back to eXplainable Lexicons (XLex)cited by 5
- 2023Meta-Tuning LLMs to Leverage Lexical Knowledge for Generalizable Language Style Understandingcited by 4
- 2022Modelling Emotion Dynamics in Song Lyrics with State Space Modelscited by 2
12 most cited of 31 All 31 (JSON)
- 2026SentiFuse: Deep Multi-model Fusion Framework for Robust Sentiment Extraction1 Feb 2026
- 2025Unveiling Affective Polarization Trends in Parliamentary Proceedings4 Dec 2025
- 2025Sentiment Analysis in SemEval: A Review of Sentiment Identification Approaches13 Mar 2025
- 2025GraphRank Pro+: Advancing Talent Analytics Through Knowledge Graphs and Sentiment-Enhanced Skill Profiling25 Feb 2025
- 2025Rethinking Word Similarity: Semantic Similarity through Classification Confusion8 Feb 2025
- 2024Hate Content Detection via Novel Pre-Processing Sequencing and Ensemble Methods8 Sep 2024
- 2023Emotion Detection for Misinformation: A Review1 Nov 2023
- 2023The Sentiment Problem: A Critical Survey towards Deconstructing Sentiment Analysis18 Oct 2023
- 2023LaTeX: Language Pattern-aware Triggering Event Detection for Adverse Experience during Pandemics5 Oct 2023
- 2023Desenvolvimento de modelo para predicc~ao de cotacc~oes de acc~ao baseada em an'alise de sentimentos de tweets11 Sep 2023
- 2023Emotion Embeddings unicodex2014 Learning Stable and Homogeneous Abstractions from Heterogeneous Affective Datasets15 Aug 2023
- 2023Sentiment Analysis in Finance: From Transformers Back to eXplainable Lexicons (XLex)6 Jun 2023
12 newest of 31 All 31 (JSON)