# Hallucination detection in RAG

Area: [Retrieval-augmented generation](https://mlsanity.com/rag/index.md). HTML: https://mlsanity.com/rag/hallucination-detection-in-rag/

## Key facts

- Hallucination detection in RAG: 74 papers on arXiv since 2023 (data through 14 Oct 2026).
- 34 of its 74 mapped papers (46%) cite “RAGTruth: A Hallucination Corpus for Developing Trustworthy Retrieval-Augmented Language Models” (2023, arXiv 2401.00396).
- 12 of its 74 mapped papers (16%) cite “ReDeEP: Detecting Hallucination in Retrieval-Augmented Generation via Mechanistic Interpretability” (2024, arXiv 2410.11414).
- 2 new papers 17 Sep–14 Oct.

## Most cited here

- [RAGTruth: A Hallucination Corpus for Developing Trustworthy Retrieval-Augmented Language Models](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2401.00396/) (2023), cited by 34 papers here
- [ReDeEP: Detecting Hallucination in Retrieval-Augmented Generation via Mechanistic Interpretability](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2410.11414/) (2024), cited by 12 papers here
- [LettuceDetect: A Hallucination Detection Framework for RAG Applications](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2502.17125/) (2025), cited by 7 papers here
- [LRP4RAG: Detecting Hallucinations in Retrieval-Augmented Generation via Layer-wise Relevance Propagation](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2408.15533/) (2024), cited by 6 papers here
- [Lynx: An Open Source Hallucination Evaluation Model](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2407.08488/) (2024), cited by 5 papers here
- [Benchmarking LLM Faithfulness in RAG with Evolving Leaderboards](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2505.04847/) (2025), cited by 3 papers here
- [LUMINA: Detecting Hallucinations in RAG System with Context-Knowledge Signals](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2509.21875/) (2025), cited by 3 papers here
- [SEReDeEP: Hallucination Detection in Retrieval-Augmented Models via Semantic Entropy and Context-Parameter Fusion](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2505.07528/) (2025), cited by 2 papers here
- [Detecting Hallucination and Coverage Errors in Retrieval Augmented Generation for Controversial Topics](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2403.08904/) (2024), cited by 1 papers here
- [Reducing hallucination in structured outputs via Retrieval-Augmented Generation](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2404.08189/) (2024), cited by 1 papers here

## New (17 Sep–14 Oct)

- [Grounding Probes: Generator-Independent Hallucination Detection from Observer Model Hidden States](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2610.04642/) (2026-10-03)
- [RAGScope: A Leakage-Controlled, Cost-Aware Evidence-Gating Protocol for RAG Hallucination Triage](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2609.39075/) (2026-09-30)