# Fruit-HSNet: A Machine Learning Approach for Hyperspectral Image-Based Fruit Ripeness Prediction

arXiv: https://arxiv.org/abs/2608.01202 · HTML: https://mlsanity.com/paper/2608.01202/

## Key facts

- No citing papers in the map yet (data through 14 Oct 2026).
- Builds on 10 of its 21 references that are in the map.
- First posted on arXiv 2 Aug 2026.

## Builds on (most cited first, 10 of 10)

- [Deep Residual Learning for Image Recognition](https://mlsanity.com/paper/1512.03385/) (2015)
- [SpectralFormer: Rethinking Hyperspectral Image Classification with Transformers](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2107.02988/) (2021)
- [HybridSN: Exploring 3D-2D CNN Feature Hierarchy for Hyperspectral Image Classification](https://mlsanity.com/paper/1902.06701/) (2019)
- [Hyperspectral Image Classification-Traditional to Deep Models: A Survey for Future Prospects](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2101.06116/) (2021)
- [A Comprehensive Survey for Hyperspectral Image Classification: The Evolution from Conventional to Transformers and Mamba Models](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2404.14955/) (2024)
- [Measuring the Ripeness of Fruit with Hyperspectral Imaging and Deep Learning](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2104.09808/) (2021)
- [Fruit Ripeness Classification: a Survey](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2212.14441/) (2022)
- [Wavelength-aware 2D Convolutions for Hyperspectral Imaging](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2209.03136/) (2022)
- [A Survey of Computer Vision Technologies In Urban and Controlled-environment Agriculture](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2210.11318/) (2022)
- [Hyperspectral Benchmark: Bridging the Gap between HSI Applications through Comprehensive Dataset and Pretraining](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2309.11122/) (2023)

## Abstract (arXiv)

Fruit ripeness prediction (FRP) is a classification-based agricultural computer vision task that has attracted much attention, thanks to its wide-ranging advantages in agriculture field for both pre-harvest and post-harvest management. Accurate and timely FRP can be achieved using machine/deep learning-based hyperspectral image classification techniques. However, challenges including the limited availability of labeled data and the lack of robust methods generalizable to various hyperspectral cameras and fruit types can compromise the effectiveness of hyperspectral image-based FRP. Addressing these challenges, this paper introduces Fruit-HSNet, a machine learning architecture specifically designed for hyperspectral classification of fruit ripeness. Fruit-HSNet incorporates a spatio-spectral feature extraction module based on Fourier Transform and central pixel spectral signature followed by learnable feature fusion and a classifier optimized for ripeness classification. The proposed architecture was evaluated using the DeepHS Fruit dataset, the largest publicly available labeled real-world hyperspectral dataset for predicting fruit ripeness, which includes five different types of fruits-avocado, kiwi, mango, kaki, and papaya-captured with three distinct hyperspectral cameras at various stages of ripeness. Experimental results highlight that Fruit-HSNet substantially outperforms existing deep learning methods, from baseline to state-of-the-art models, with improvements of 12%, achieving a new state-of-the-art overall accuracy of 70.73%.