# EmoInstruct-TTS: Dual-Path Instruction-Guided Emotional Speech Synthesis

arXiv: https://arxiv.org/abs/2606.20650 · HTML: https://mlsanity.com/paper/2606.20650/

## Key facts

- No citing papers in the map yet (data through 14 Oct 2026).
- Builds on 29 of its 35 references that are in the map.
- First posted on arXiv 8 Jun 2026.

## Builds on (most cited first, 29 of 29)

- [Gemini 2.5: Pushing the Frontier with Advanced Reasoning, Multimodality, Long Context, and Next Generation Agentic Capabilities](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2507.06261/) (2025)
- [Neural Codec Language Models are Zero-Shot Text to Speech Synthesizers](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2301.02111/) (2023)
- [ECAPA-TDNN: Emphasized Channel Attention, Propagation and Aggregation in TDNN Based Speaker Verification](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2005.07143/) (2020)
- [AudioLM: a Language Modeling Approach to Audio Generation](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2209.03143/) (2022)
- [F5-TTS: A Fairytaler that Fakes Fluent and Faithful Speech with Flow Matching](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2410.06885/) (2024)
- [CosyVoice: A Scalable Multilingual Zero-shot Text-to-speech Synthesizer based on Supervised Semantic Tokens](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2407.05407/) (2024)
- [CosyVoice 2: Scalable Streaming Speech Synthesis with Large Language Models](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2412.10117/) (2024)
- [BigVGAN: A Universal Neural Vocoder with Large-Scale Training](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2206.04658/) (2022)
- [NaturalSpeech 2: Latent Diffusion Models are Natural and Zero-Shot Speech and Singing Synthesizers](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2304.09116/) (2023)
- [NaturalSpeech 3: Zero-Shot Speech Synthesis with Factorized Codec and Diffusion Models](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2403.03100/) (2024)
- [emotion2vec: Self-Supervised Pre-Training for Speech Emotion Representation](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2312.15185/) (2023)
- [NaturalSpeech: End-to-End Text to Speech Synthesis with Human-Level Quality](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2205.04421/) (2022)
- [StyleTTS 2: Towards Human-Level Text-to-Speech through Style Diffusion and Adversarial Training with Large Speech Language Models](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2306.07691/) (2023)
- [CosyVoice 3: Towards In-the-wild Speech Generation via Scaling-up and Post-training](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2505.17589/) (2025)
- [Seen and Unseen emotional style transfer for voice conversion with a new emotional speech dataset](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2010.14794/) (2020)
- [Qwen3-TTS Technical Report](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2601.15621/) (2026)
- [IndexTTS2: A Breakthrough in Emotionally Expressive and Duration-Controlled Auto-Regressive Zero-Shot Text-to-Speech](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2506.21619/) (2025)
- [MiniMax-Speech: Intrinsic Zero-Shot Text-to-Speech with a Learnable Speaker Encoder](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2505.07916/) (2025)
- [PortaSpeech: Portable and High-Quality Generative Text-to-Speech](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2109.15166/) (2021)
- [MegaTTS 3: Sparse Alignment Enhanced Latent Diffusion Transformer for Zero-Shot Speech Synthesis](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2502.18924/) (2025)
- [FireRedTTS-2: Towards Long Conversational Speech Generation for Podcast and Chatbot](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2509.02020/) (2025)
- [EmoVoice: LLM-based Emotional Text-To-Speech Model with Freestyle Text Prompting](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2504.12867/) (2025)
- [EmoKnob: Enhance Voice Cloning with Fine-Grained Emotion Control](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2410.00316/) (2024)
- [VoiceSculptor: Your Voice, Designed By You](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2601.10629/) (2026)
- [Emotional Dimension Control in Language Model-Based Text-to-Speech: Spanning a Broad Spectrum of Human Emotions](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2409.16681/) (2024)
- [InstructAudio: Unified speech and music generation with natural language instruction](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2511.18487/) (2025)
- [Description-based Controllable Text-to-Speech with Cross-Lingual Voice Control](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2409.17452/) (2024)
- [EME-TTS: Unlocking the Emphasis and Emotion Link in Speech Synthesis](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2507.12015/) (2025)
- [MPE-TTS: Customized Emotion Zero-Shot Text-To-Speech Using Multi-Modal Prompt](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2505.18453/) (2025)

## Abstract (arXiv)

Instruction-based controllable speech synthesis enables users to specify emotions through natural language. However, existing approaches often rely on coarse emotion labels and lack explicit modeling of fine-grained intensity. We propose EmoInstruct-TTS, a dual-path instruction-guided framework for emotional speech synthesis. We introduce Emotion2embed, a supervised semantic-acoustic emotion embedding covering 48 emotional states, including fine-grained categories and intensity levels. To infer embeddings from free-form instructions, we design an Instruction-Conditioned Emotion Flow Model (ICE-Flow) that generates acoustically grounded emotion representations. The inferred embeddings are integrated into an LLM-based synthesis pipeline to provide explicit emotional control while preserving semantic planning. Experiments show improved emotional controllability and speech naturalness over strong baselines.