# ChatPlanner: A Large Language Model Framework for Personalized Public Transit Routing

arXiv: https://arxiv.org/abs/2606.15315 · HTML: https://mlsanity.com/paper/2606.15315/

## Key facts

- No citing papers in the map yet (data through 14 Oct 2026).
- Builds on 19 of its 88 references that are in the map.
- First posted on arXiv 13 Jun 2026.

## Builds on (most cited first, 19 of 19)

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- [OpenAI GPT-5 System Card](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2601.03267/) (2025)
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- [C-Pack: Packed Resources For General Chinese Embeddings](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2309.07597/) (2023)
- [Towards Scalable Multi-domain Conversational Agents: The Schema-Guided Dialogue Dataset](https://mlsanity.com/paper/1909.05855/) (2019)
- [Exploring the Roles of Large Language Models in Reshaping Transportation Systems: A Survey, Framework, and Roadmap](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2503.21411/) (2025)
- [AI-Driven Day-to-Day Route Choice](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2412.03338/) (2024)
- [A deep learning approach for detecting traffic accidents from social media data](https://mlsanity.com/paper/1801.01528/) (2018)
- [Generating Usage-related Questions for Preference Elicitation in Conversational Recommender Systems](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2111.13463/) (2021)
- [Leveraging Large Language Models for Enhancing Public Transit Services](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2410.14147/) (2024)
- [Personalized Route Recommendation Based on User Habits for Vehicle Navigation](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2409.14047/) (2024)

## Abstract (arXiv)

Personalized public transit routing in public transit systems remains challenging due to the difficulty of capturing and integrating diverse user preferences into routing algorithms. This paper presents ChatPlanner, a novel framework that leverages Large Language Models (LLMs) to enable preference-aware public transit routing. Our approach employs fine-tuned LLMs with Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG) to extract routing parameters and interpret conversationally expressed preferences from natural language queries as preference scores, subsequently integrating these preferences into the objective function of a public transit routing algorithm. This study designs preference-aware datasets incorporating eight personas and five contexts to establish scoring standards for both fine-tuning and RAG. This work conducted four experiments to validate the solutions' feasibility, extraction of routing information and preferences, solution set quality and completeness, and latency and computational tractability. Results demonstrate that ChatPlanner generates feasible solutions reliably. Fine-tuning enforces the required output structure and learns general preference patterns, while RAG provides query-specific context to resolve imprecise or conversational expressions and calibrate continuous scores. The combination of both achieves the highest accuracy in routing information extraction and rubric-consistent user preference interpretation. Results based on selected case studies show that by capturing user conversationally expressed preferences, ChatPlanner identifies preference-relevant solutions across different dimensions that existing route planners overlook, generating more route alternatives. The latency evaluation confirms that the framework is computationally tractable. This research establishes a new paradigm for integrating natural language understanding into transportation optimization.