# Benchmarking Single-Step Inpainting Methods for Multi-Object 3D Gaussian Splatting Scenes

arXiv: https://arxiv.org/abs/2605.30987 · HTML: https://mlsanity.com/paper/2605.30987/

## Key facts

- No citing papers in the map yet (data through 14 Oct 2026).
- Builds on 16 of its 20 references that are in the map.
- First posted on arXiv 29 May 2026.

## Builds on (most cited first, 16 of 16)

- [High-Resolution Image Synthesis with Latent Diffusion Models](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2112.10752/) (2021)
- [The Unreasonable Effectiveness of Deep Features as a Perceptual Metric](https://mlsanity.com/paper/1801.03924/) (2018)
- [3D Gaussian Splatting for Real-Time Radiance Field Rendering](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2308.04079/) (2023)
- [Mip-NeRF 360: Unbounded Anti-Aliased Neural Radiance Fields](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2111.12077/) (2021)
- [Resolution-robust Large Mask Inpainting with Fourier Convolutions](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2109.07161/) (2021)
- [Gaussian Grouping: Segment and Edit Anything in 3D Scenes](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2312.00732/) (2023)
- [BrushNet: A Plug-and-Play Image Inpainting Model with Decomposed Dual-Branch Diffusion](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2403.06976/) (2024)
- [A Task is Worth One Word: Learning with Task Prompts for High-Quality Versatile Image Inpainting](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2312.03594/) (2023)
- [SPIn-NeRF: Multiview Segmentation and Perceptual Inpainting with Neural Radiance Fields](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2211.12254/) (2022)
- [NeRFiller: Completing Scenes via Generative 3D Inpainting](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2312.04560/) (2023)
- [3D Gaussian Inpainting with Depth-Guided Cross-View Consistency](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2502.11801/) (2025)
- [Is Nano Banana Pro a Low-Level Vision All-Rounder? A Comprehensive Evaluation on 14 Tasks and 40 Datasets](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2512.15110/) (2025)
- [InNeRF360: Text-Guided 3D-Consistent Object Inpainting on 360-degree Neural Radiance Fields](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2305.15094/) (2023)
- [Gaussians-to-Life: Text-Driven Animation of 3D Gaussian Splatting Scenes](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2411.19233/) (2024)
- [Inpaint360GS: Efficient Object-Aware 3D Inpainting via Gaussian Splatting for 360deg Scenes](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2511.06457/) (2025)
- [Perspective-aware 3D Gaussian Inpainting with Multi-view Consistency](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2510.10993/) (2025)

## Abstract (arXiv)

The tasks of object removal and inpainting 3D Gaussian Splatting (3DGS) scenes face challenges such as 3D consistency across camera views. In comparing 2D inpainters and their suitability for the 3D domain, we find that reconstruction-based inpainters outperform generative diffusion models in 3D consistency. Integrating these 2D inpainters into different single-step methods for creating and finetuning 3DGS scenes, our results indicate that initializing the scene from scratch produces higher quality results than finetuning the existing scene. Using a state-of-the-art generative 2D inpainter, we create a straightforward baseline to underline the importance of object removal before inpainting in the 3D setting. Since 360deg datasets rarely include real-world ground truths, and challenging occlusion scenarios are equally sparse, we introduce a novel multi-object scene with recorded ground truth data and many views with object occlusions.