# Cookie-Bench: Continuous On-screen Key Interaction Evaluation for Web Generation

arXiv: https://arxiv.org/abs/2605.30000 · HTML: https://mlsanity.com/paper/2605.30000/

## Key facts

- Cited by 3 papers in the map (data through 14 Oct 2026).
- Builds on 27 of its 40 references that are in the map.
- First posted on arXiv 28 May 2026.

## Builds on (most cited first, 27 of 27)

- [Design2Code: Benchmarking Multimodal Code Generation for Automated Front-End Engineering](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2403.03163/) (2024)
- [Unlocking the conversion of Web Screenshots into HTML Code with the WebSight Dataset](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2403.09029/) (2024)
- [Web2Code: A Large-scale Webpage-to-Code Dataset and Evaluation Framework for Multimodal LLMs](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2406.20098/) (2024)
- [WebGen-Bench: Evaluating LLMs on Generating Interactive and Functional Websites from Scratch](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2505.03733/) (2025)
- [Interaction2Code: Benchmarking MLLM-based Interactive Webpage Code Generation from Interactive Prototyping](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2411.03292/) (2024)
- [DesignBench: A Comprehensive Benchmark for MLLM-based Front-end Code Generation](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2506.06251/) (2025)
- [WebCode2M: A Real-World Dataset for Code Generation from Webpage Designs](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2404.06369/) (2024)
- [ArtifactsBench: Bridging the Visual-Interactive Gap in LLM Code Generation Evaluation](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2507.04952/) (2025)
- [Web-Bench: A LLM Code Benchmark Based on Web Standards and Frameworks](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2505.07473/) (2025)
- [FullFront: Benchmarking MLLMs Across the Full Front-End Engineering Workflow](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2505.17399/) (2025)
- [MRWeb: An Exploration of Generating Multi-Page Resource-Aware Web Code from UI Designs](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2412.15310/) (2024)
- [FrontendBench: A Benchmark for Evaluating LLMs on Front-End Development via Automatic Evaluation](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2506.13832/) (2025)
- [WebCoderBench: Benchmarking Web Application Generation with Comprehensive and Interpretable Evaluation Metrics](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2601.02430/) (2026)
- [IW-Bench: Evaluating Large Multimodal Models for Converting Image-to-Web](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2409.18980/) (2024)
- [Vision2Web: A Hierarchical Benchmark for Visual Website Development with Agent Verification](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2603.26648/) (2026)
- [UIClip: A Data-driven Model for Assessing User Interface Design](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2404.12500/) (2024)
- [IWR-Bench: Can LVLMs reconstruct interactive webpage from a user interaction video?](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2509.24709/) (2025)
- [PlayCoder: Making LLM-Generated GUI Code Playable](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2604.19742/) (2026)
- [WebVIA: A Web-based Vision-Language Agentic Framework for Interactive and Verifiable UI-to-Code Generation](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2511.06251/) (2025)
- [Computer-Use Agents as Judges for Generative User Interface](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2511.15567/) (2025)
- [MiniAppBench: Evaluating the Shift from Text to Interactive HTML Responses in LLM-Powered Assistants](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2603.09652/) (2026)
- [Code Aesthetics with Agentic Reward Feedback](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2510.23272/) (2025)
- [WebCompass: Towards Multimodal Web Coding Evaluation for Code Language Models](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2604.18224/) (2026)
- [WebTestBench: Evaluating Computer-Use Agents towards End-to-End Automated Web Testing](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2603.25226/) (2026)
- [UI-Bench: A Benchmark for Evaluating Design Capabilities of AI Text-to-App Tools](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2508.20410/) (2025)
- [WebRenderBench: Enhancing Web Interface Generation through Layout-Style Consistency and Reinforcement Learning](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2510.04097/) (2025)
- [FullStack-Agent: Enhancing Agentic Full-Stack Web Coding via Development-Oriented Testing and Repository Back-Translation](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2602.03798/) (2026)

## Built on by (most cited first, 3 of 3)

- [ResearchStudio-Reel: Automate the Last Mile of Research from Paper to Poster, Video, and Blog](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2607.04438/) (2026)
- [WebCraftBench: Evaluating Web Application Generation from a Software Testing Perspective](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2609.15387/) (2026)
- [GAMEGO: Training Game-Dev Agents with Synthetic Trajectories Anchored in Real-World Assets](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2610.06910/) (2026)

## Abstract (arXiv)

Front-end web code has become a core product surface for every frontier LLM release, yet evaluating these interactive applications at development speed remains costly because human-judged leaderboards like Arena do not scale. Existing automated proxies typically lean on reference implementations, test suites, or rigid checklists, and tend to miss the reasoned synthesis a human reviewer performs over a live session. We articulate a new evaluation regime that is simultaneously reference-free, autonomously driven, and holistically reasoned, and instantiate it through two artifacts. dataname is an 11-domain, 54-leaf, 1,000-query WebDev benchmark spanning both static-presentation and interactive-application tasks, balanced across three difficulty tiers and three target-language groups, with briefs rewritten to resist recall from circulated prompts. framename, grounded in Flavell's metacognitive monitoring, separates evidence accumulation from judgment across three stages: Static Perception forms a first impression from passive observation; Agent-Driven Interaction explores the application autonomously while capturing continuous screen video, audio, and per-step screenshots; Dynamic Scoring issues holistic functionality and aesthetics verdicts with structured failure attribution only after the evidence chain is complete. On dataname, framename aligns closely with expert human ratings while surfacing substantial headroom across 13 frontier LLMs on interactive web generation. noindenthttps://anonymous.4open.science/r/Cookie-3CE/